dopa

DL-Dopa is a phenylalanine beta-hydroxylated derivative.

L-DOPA (Levodopa) is an amino acid precursor of dopamine with antiparkinsonian properties. It is a prodrug converted to dopamine by DOPA decarboxylase and can cross the blood-brain barrier. In the brain, levodopa is decarboxylated to dopamine, stimulating dopaminergic receptors and compensating for depleted endogenous dopamine in Parkinson's disease. To ensure adequate concentrations reach the central nervous system, levodopa is administered with carbidopa, a decarboxylase inhibitor that does not cross the blood-brain barrier, reducing peripheral decarboxylation and increasing CNS dopamine delivery.

Etilevodopa is an ethyl-ester prodrug of Levodopa which is used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). It is rapidly hydrolyzed to Levodopa and ethanol by nonspecific esterases in the gastrointestinal tract. Levodopa is the direct precursor of dop

Methyldopa (MK-351), an alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic receptors) psychoactive medicine, is served as an antihypertensive or sympatholytic.

Dopamine hydrochloride (ASL279), a naturally occurring catecholamine formed by decarboxylation of dihydroxyphenylalanine and a precursor of norepinephrine and epinephrine, binds to alpha-1- and beta-1- adrenergic receptors.

Carbidopa (Lodosyn) is an aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (IC50: 29±2 μM). It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA.

Trans-Clovamide (trans-Clovamide) is a naturally occurring caffeoyl conjugate identified in the antioxidant polyphenolic fraction of cocoa (T. cacao L.) Trans-Clovamide is a potent antioxidantand that has shown neuroprotective effects (EC50s = 0.9-3.7 µM) in several in vitro models of neuronal death. Trans-Clovamide is an excellent ROS and oxygen radical scavenger and also has anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Clovamide is an anti-microbial with activity against the human pathogens influenza A subtype H5N1, Trypanosoma evansi, and Heliobacter pylori.

5-Hydroxydopamine hydrochloride is a naturally occurring amine in human urine with an IC50 value of 22 µM for the Luxaphone receptor.5-Hydroxydopamine has potential antimicrobial and anticancer activities.5-Hydroxydopamine hydrochloride is a natural amine in human urine with an IC50 value of 22 µM for the Luxaphone receptor.

Dopacetamide is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T126370 and the CAS number is 1129-53-9.

8-Oxopseudopalmatine is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T131397.

Pseudopalmatine exhibits antiplasmodial activity. It also shows anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, with IC50 values of 1.8uM.

N-acetyldopamine (NADA) is a catecholamine used by insects as a precursor for sclerotization, a process that strengthens their cuticle.

Dopamine 3-O-sulfate, primarily found in plasma, serves as a biomarker for identifying aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) deficiency [1].

Dopamine β-hydroxylase inhibitor is a potent compound.

N-Acetyldopamine dimer-3 (Compound 11), a naturally occurring chemical, is present in the species Aspongopus chinensis [1].

3-(2,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid (Hydroumbellic acid) is a predicted metabolite generated by BioTransformer1 from the metabolism of 3-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid. It is produced by the abkar1 enzyme via a reduction-of-alpha-beta-unsaturated-compounds-pattern1 reaction in human gut microbiota.

1. beta-Asarone (Cis-Isoelemicin) may be a potential preventive drug for Alzheimer's disease. 2. Beta-Asarone prevents autophagy and synaptic loss by reducing ROCK expression in SAMP8 mice. 3. The co-administration of beta-Asarone(Cis-Isoasarone) and l-dopa may contribute to the treatment of 6-OHDA-induced damage in rats by inhibiting autophagy activity. 4. Beta-Asarone exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the production of pro-inflammatory mediators through NF-κB signaling and the JNK pathways in activated microglial cells and might be developed as a promising candidate to treat various neuroinflammatory diseases.

Catalpalactone exhibits high antitermitic, and cytotoxic activities, it exhibits potent inhibitory effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced NO synthesis in RAW 264.7 cells , with IC50 values of 9.80 microM. Catalpalactone can inhibit dopamine biosynthesis by

Gynosaponin TN-2, demonstrating anti-Parkinsonian activity, mitigates L-DOPA (100 and 200 μM)-induced apoptotic cell death in pheochromocytoma 12 cells through the modulation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 activation.

Catalponol can enhance dopamine biosynthesis by inducing TH activity and protect against L-DOPA-induced cytotoxicity in PC12 cells, which was mediated by the increased levels of cyclic AMP.

6-Hydroxykaempferol is a competitive inhibitor of tyrosinase compared to L-DOPA, it shows also high antioxidant activities.

Trans-caffeic acid stearyl ester is posited to inhibit melanogenesis signaling while suppressing cAMP levels and, subsequently, MC1R, MITF, tyrosinase, TRP-2 and TRP-1 down-regulation, resulting in the suppression of tyrosinase activity, DOPA oxidase activity and melanin synthesis.

Vanicoside E is an antioxidant and antitumor agent that inhibits L-Tyrosine and L-DOPA with IC50 values of 45.23 μM and 189.96 μM, respectively [1] [2].