dpph

DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) is a cell-permeable, stable free radical that is commonly used to evaluate the ability of compounds to act as free radical scavengers or hydrogen donors and to measure the antioxidant activity of tissue extracts

1. Oxyresveratro can inhibit tyrosinase activity. 2. Oxyresveratro is useful to trauma models, as toxicity to glia could be beneficial by inhibiting reactive gliosis. 3. Oxyresveratrol (trans-Oxyresveratrol) has antioxidant activity, can reduce neuronal oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be associated with activation of Nrf2.

OsMundacetone (4-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-3-buten-2-one) is a natual product isolated from Rhizoma osmundae.

α-Amylase-IN-1 is an α-Amylase inhibitor (IC50: 0.5509 μM). α-Amylase-IN-1 has antioxidant activity with an IC50 value of 53.49 μM for scavenging of DPPH free radicals, and can be used in the study of diabetes and oxidative stress-related diseases.

Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 4 is a potent Pim-1 kinase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 17.01 nM.Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 4 also possesses antioxidant activity and potential anticancer activity, and inhibits DPPH.Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 4 promotes apoptosis and inhibits the growth of PC-3 cells with an IC50 value of 16 nM. Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 4 promotes apoptosis and inhibits PC-3 cell growth with an IC50 of 16 nM. Pim-1 kinase inhibitor 4 can be used in prostate cancer research.

Altenusin is a natural nonsteroidal fungal metabolite, as a novel selective agonist of FXR with an EC50 value of 3.2 ± 0.2 μM.

Hydroxytyrosol Acetate (HTy-Ac) is found in the olive oil with antioxidant activity.

Corchoionoside C has antioxidant activity, shows strong scavenging activities on DPPH radical, it also shows weak antifungal activity. Corchoionosides A, B, and C inhibit the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells induced by antigen-antibody reaction.

Tyrosinase-IN-19 (compound 9), a competitive tyrosinase inhibitor, exhibits potent antioxidant activities by neutralizing ROS, ABTS+, and DPPH radicals and demonstrates dose-dependent suppression of tyrosinase expression [1].

MHLWAAK, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capabilities. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against H2O2-induced oxidative damage [1].

Ferroptosis-IN-3 (Compound 25), a ferroptosis inhibitor, demonstrates potent activity by inhibiting RSL3-induced ferroptosis in HT-1080 cells (EC50: 8.6 nM). It exhibits radical scavenging abilities against DPPH and ABTS (EC50: 3.94 and 6.3 μM, respectively), and effectively reduces lipid peroxidation [1].

Quercetin-3-o-rutinose has antioxidative activity, it exerts strong DPPH radical-scavenging activity.

Cistanoside F shows vasorelaxant, and antioxidative effects, it shows a strong free radical scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XOD) generated superoxide anion radical (O2-.).

8-Prenyldaidzein has cytotoxic properties against P-388 cells, its IC 50 values 5.82 ug/mL, it also exhibits very high antioxidant activity against DPPH radical scavenging.

Latifolin is a strong DPPH-scavenger, it attenuates inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-κB activation via Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 expression. Latifolin displays potent anticarcinogenic phase II marker enzyme, quinone reductase (QR) inducing activity and high chemopreventive indices. Latifolin also shows antifungal activity against white- and brown-rot fungi.

Methyl brevifolincarboxylate (Brevifolincarboxylic acid methyl ester) is a potent influenza virus PB2 cap-binding inhibitor. Methyl brevifolincarboxylate exhibits inhibitory activity against influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Aichi/2/68 (H3N2) with IC50s of 27.16 μM and 33.41 μM. Anti-oxidant activity[1][2]. Methyl brevifolincarboxylate exhibits significant DPPH radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 8.9 μM. [1]. Wu QY, et al. Chromatographic fingerprint and the simultaneous determination of five bioactive components of geranium carolinianum L. water extract by high performance liquid chromatography. Int J Mol Sci. 2011;12(12):8740-8749. [2]. Fang SH, et al. Anti-oxidant and inflammatory mediator's growth inhibitory effects of compounds isolated from Phyllanthus urinaria. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008;116(2):333-340.

Icariside E4 is a natural compound derived from Ulmus minor that acts via AMPK phosphorylation and inhibition of MID1IP2 hypolipidation in HepG1 cells.Icariside E4 has anti-injurious, antioxidant, anti-Alzheimer's and anti-inflammatory effects and inhibits SREBP-1c, liver X receptor-α (LXR) and FASN in Icariside E4 is an effective candidate for the treatment of fatty liver disease and has hypolipidemic potential in HepG1 cells.

Glabranin has antimicrobial activity, it shows significant activities on DPPH free radical with the IC50 value of 240.20 ug/ml. Glabranin or a derivative thereof could be used to stimulate hair growth. Glabranine exerts a dose-dependent inhibitory effect

Isoscoparin-2''-Beta-D-glucopyranoside shows prominent free radical scavenging activity in DPPH assay.

MDYYFEER TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capability. This compound effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

Cyclobisdemethoxycurcumin exhibits antioxidant properties, demonstrated by its half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of approximately 250 μM in the DPPH radical scavenging assay and 15-20 μM in the 2-DR oxidation assay [1].

Chrysophanol 8-O-β-D-(6’-O-galloyl)glucopyranoside, a potent anthraquinone glucoside derived from Rheum undulatum L., exhibits significant DPPH radical and superoxide anion (?O2-) scavenging activity [1].

Isoangustone A has antitumor activity, it can induce G1 cycle arrest in DU145 human prostate and 4T1 murine mammary cancer cells, it inhibits cell proliferation by targeting PI3K, MKK4, and MKK7 in human melanoma. Isoangustone A dampens mesangial sclerosis associated with inflammation in response to high glucose through hindering TGF-β and NF-κB signaling. Isoangustone A also shows strong ferric reducing activities and effectively scavenged DPPH, ABTS(+), and singlet oxygen radicals.

Alnusdiol exhibits the good scavenging activities against 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH), shows moderate anti-oxidant effects.

Putraflavone possesses a good antioxidant activity via its DPPH free radical scavenging.

2,6,4'-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone shows weak inhibitory activity of testosterone 5alpha-reductase, it also shows significant inhibition of pancreatic lipase activity. 2,6,4'-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone has neurotrophic activity, it induced neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells at concentration of 50 microg/ml. 2,6,4′-Trihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone exhibits low cytotoxic effect against HeLa and 3T3 cell lines with IC50 values of 132 ug/ml and 158 ug/ml, repectively. It also shows antioxidant activity on DPPH with IC50 of 10.57 ug/mL.

Flemiphilippin A has antioxidant activity, it shows DPPH radical scavenging activity with effective half maximal concentration (EC50) of 18.36 ug/mL. Flemiphilippinin A (5 ug/mL) exhibits some level of antitumor activity against human hepatocellular carci

Broussoflavonol F has antiplatelet effect, is partially due to an inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase, can inhibit arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Broussoflavonol F shows inhibitory activities on mushroom tyrosinase. Broussoflavonol F

3,3'-Di-O-methylellagic acid reveals moderate antibacterial activity, it also shows strong DPPH radical scavenging activities with SC50 of 123.3 ug/mL. It has a lower capacity of stimulating murine peritoneal macrophages to release nitric oxide and tumoural-alpha necrose factor

Isothymusin( MIC= 200 microg/mL) exhibits inhibition activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It ( IC50=7.7 microg/mL ) exhibits antioxidant activity against the radical scavenging ability of DPPH.

Djalonensone (Alternariol monomethyl ether), an Alternaria toxin, is a strong mutagen in Escherichia coli strain ND-160. Alternariol monomethyl ether has genotoxic properties, it can cause oxidative DNA damage. It also possesses cytotoxic and immunosuppressive properties.

MHLWAAK TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

MAQAAEYYR, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals. It also confers protection to zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

Cochliodinol (compound 1), a metabolite of Apis mellifera ligustica, exhibits potent free radical scavenging activity, characterized by an IC50 value of 3.06 μg/mL against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) [1].

Antioxidant Agent-18 (Compound 5), a flavonol glycoside derived from Ginkgo biloba, exhibits antioxidant properties through its ability to scavenge DPPH radicals (IC50: 15.8 μM) and reduce cytochrome c (IC50: 14.7 μM).

Alloisoimperatorin is a candidate of AChE inhibitors, it displays potent antioxidant effects against the DPPH radical and against renal epithelial cell injury by using AAPH to generate peroxyl radicals in vitro. Alloisoimperatorin has estrogenic activity

(-)-Olivil displays a higher antioxidative effect against the free radical DPPH.

Docosyl caffeate shows moderate antioxidant activity in DPPH and ABTS scavenging assays, it also has significant anti-inflammation activity. Docosyl caffeate exhibits potent elastase inhibitory activity, with the IC50 value of 1.4 microg/mL.

Pyranonigrin A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Aspergillus that has antioxidant activity. It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH;) free radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 132.9 μM). Pyranonigrin A (10 μM) suppresses TNF-α-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

N-trans-Feruloyl-3-methoxytyramine shows significantly DPPH radical scavenging activities.

Antioxidant Agent-10 (Compound 3) demonstrates moderate DPPH scavenging activity, possessing an EC50 value of 33.2 μg/mL [1].

MAQAAEYYR TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties. It confers protection to zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

Compound 8, a free radical scavenger, exhibits an IC50 value of 43.39 μg/ml in neutralizing the DPPH radical [1].

Silybin B (Silibinin B) is an effective inhibitor of raloxifene 4 '- and 6-glucosalylation, an effective anti-fibrinogenic and anti-oligomeric component of Silymarin, with free radical scavenging activity of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-pyridinyl hydrazine (DPPH), and a protective effect against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity by alleviating DNA damage and apoptosis. Silybin B can inhibit the growth of human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells and induce apoptosis.

Luteolin 5-O-α2-glucopyranoside has antioxidant activity, it can inhibit lipid peroxidation, and has DPPH radical-scavenging activity.

Strictosidinic acid has an antiradical action against DPPH, it has a promising effect in the central nervous system.

Izalpinin exhibits potent antioxidant activities in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Izalpinin exhibits inhibitory role of muscarinic receptor-related detrusor contractile activity, and it may be a promising lead compound to treat overactiv

Plantanone C exhibited moderate antioxidant activity against DPPH radical scavenging activity,with an IC50 value of 240. 2 μmol·L~(-1).

(E)-Ferulic acid methyl ester (Methyl (E)-ferulate) is a possible inhibitor of the mitogen activated phosphor kinase pathway, it could be a potential anti-inflammatory agent isolated for the first time in medicinal plant S. tuberosa. (E)-Ferulic acid methyl ester has promising anthelmintic activity against Haemonchus contortus.

MDYYFEER, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits strong DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. It has been demonstrated to protect zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].