hcc 1

CCL16 is a member of CC chemokine family. CCL16 cDNA encodes a 120 amino acid peptide along with a 23 amino acids signal peptide that is cleaved to generate 97 amino acid protein. CCL16 is distantly related to other CC chemokines, showing less than 30% sequence identity. CCL16 elicits its effects on cells by interacting with cell surface chemokine receptors such as CCR1, CCR2, CCR5 and CCR8. Recombinant CCL16 has been shown to chemoattract human monocytes and THP1 cells but not resting lymphocytes nor neutrophils. CCL16 has potent myelosuppressive activity, suppresses proliferation of myeloid progenitor cells. CCL16ninduces a calcium flux in THP1 cells that can be desensitized by prior exposure to RANTES, suggesting that CCL16 and RANTES share the same receptor in THP1 cells.

MIP-5 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 22-113, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 11.7 kDa and the accession number is Q16663-1.

CCL14 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 10.2 kDa and the accession number is Q16627-1.

CCL14 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 28-93, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 9.3 kDa and the accession number is Q16627-1.

MIP-5 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 46-113, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 8.9 kDa and the accession number is Q16663-1.

CCL16, a chemokine poorly characterized at the functional level. Human CCL16 is a member of the CC family, and its gene maps to human chromosome 17q. In the mouse, only a pseudogene has been identified to date. CCL16 is a functional ligand for CCR1, CCR2, CCR5, and CCR8. Recombinant CCL16 demonstrated chemotactic activity on human monocytes and lymphocytes. Based on the ability of human chemokines to exert activity on and bind to murine receptors, the TSA mouse adenocarcinoma cell line was transfected with human CCL16 cDNA and, in comparison with other cytokines, was shown to be the faster inducer of systemic immune response due to massive, prompt infiltration of leukocytes.Cancer ImmunotherapyImmune CheckpointImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy

Myelin protein zero-like protein 1(MPZL1) is encoded by the MPZL1 gene, which is a single-pass type I membrane protein. It is widely expressed with highest levels in heart, placenta, kidney and pancreas. As cell surface receptor, it involved in signal transduction processes. MPZL1 recruits PTPN11/SHP-2 to the cell membrane and subsequently activate/phosphorylate Src kinase at Tyr426, promoting phosphorylation of cortactin and migration of HCC cells. MPZL1also is a major receptor for concanavalin-A (ConA) and involved in cellular signaling induced by ConA, which probably includes Src family tyrosine-protein kinases.

SET and MYND domain-containing protein 3, also known as Zinc finger MYND domain-containing protein 1, SMYD3, and ZMYND, is a member of the histone-lysine methyltransferase family. SMYD3 contains one MYND-type zinc finger and one SET domain. SMYD3 is a histone H3 lysine-4-specific methyltransferase. It is expressed in skeletal muscles and testis. It is overexpressed in a majority of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). SMYD3 plays an important role in transcriptional regulation in human carcinogenesis. It activates the transcription of a set of downstream genes. Of these downstream genes, there are several oncogenes and genes associated with cell adhesion (including those of N-Myc, CrkL, Wnt1b, L-selectin, CD31 and galectin-4), which have been shown to have effects on cell viability, adhesion, migration and metastasis. Increased SMYD3 expression is essential for the proliferation of breast cancer cells. SMYD3 may be a promising new target of therapeutic intervention for the treatment of cancers or other pathological processes associated with cell adhesion and migration.

Angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) has been reported to suppress migration and invasion in lung and breast cancer, acting as a novel tumor suppressor candidate. Downregulation of tumor suppressor signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).The downregulation of the angiopoietin-like protein ANGPTL1 is associated with vascular invasion, tumor thrombus, metastasis, and poor prognosis in HCC. Ectopic expression of ANGPTL1 in HCC cells effectively decreased their in vitro and in vivotumorigenicity, cell motility, and angiogenesis. shRNA-mediated depletion of ANGPTL1 exerted opposing effects. ANGPTL1 promoted apoptosis via inhibition of the STAT3/Bcl-2-mediated antiapoptotic pathway and decreased cell migration and invasion via downregulation of transcription factors SNAIL and SLUG. Furthermore, ANGPTL1 inhibited angiogenesis by attenuating ERK and AKT signaling and interacted with integrin α1β1 receptor to suppress the downstream FAK/Src-JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway. Taken together, these results suggest ANGPTL1 as a prognostic biomarker and novel therapeutic agent in HCC. ANGPTL1 expression was down-regulated in CRC tissues and inversely correlated with poor survival. ANGPTL1 repressed migration and invasion of CRC cells, and microRNA-138 was involved in this process. Angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1) has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting angiogenesis, cancer invasion, and metastasis.

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is classified as a member of the albuminoid gene superfamily consisting of albumin, AFP, vitaminD (Gc) protein, and alpha-albumin. AFP is a major plasma protein produced by the yolk sac and the liver during fetal development. It is thought to be the fetal form of serum albumin. AFP binds to copper, nickel, fatty acids and bilirubin and is found in monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms. AFP is one of the several embryo-specific proteins and is adominant serum protein as early in human embryonic life as one month, when albumin and transferrin are present in relatively small amounts. It is first synthesized in the human by the yolk sac and liver (1-2 months) and subsequently predominantly in the liver. A small amount of AFP is produced by the GI tract of the human conceptus. It has been proved that AFP may reappear in the serum in elevated amounts in adult life in association with normal restorative processes and with malignnt growth. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a specific marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), teratoblastomas, and neural tube defect (NTD).

Loss of function mutations in FGG have been associated with fibrinogen deficiency. FGG mRNA was expressed abnormally in HCC and elevated plasma fibrinogen may serve as a useful predictor of clinical progression of HCC patients. Fibrinogen Gamma Chain Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in yeast. The predicted molecular weight is 32.2 kDa and the accession number is P02679-1.

Interleukin (IL)-20 is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, which has been reported to participate in autoimmune inflammatory diseases. However, the potential role of IL-20 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression has not yet been investigated. In addition, IL-20 expression was significantly associated with tumor size, metastasis, TNM stage and poor prognosis in patients with HCC. IL-20 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.8 kDa and the accession number is Q9NYY1-1.