lc3

Microtubule-associated proteins 1A 1B light chain 3B (MAP1LC3B) is a member of the highly conserved ATG8 protein family. ATG8 proteins are present in all known eukaryotic organisms. MAP1LC3B is one of the four genes in the MAP1LC3 subfamily (others include MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3C, and MAP1LC3B2). It is moat abundantly expressed in heart, brain, skeletal muscle and testis. LMAP1LC3B is a subunit of neuronal microtubule and functions in formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). It associated MAP1A and MAP1B proteins, which are involved in microtubule assembly and important for neurogenesis. MAP1LC3B also plays a role in autophagy, a process that involves the bulk degradation of cytoplasmic component.

LC3A, also known as MAP1LC3A, is one of the light chain subunits that function together with both MAP1A and or MAP1B. MAP1A and MAP1B are microtubule-associated proteins that mediate the physical interactions between microtubules and components of the cytoskeleton. MAP1A and MAP1B each consist of a heavy chain subunit and multiple light chain subunits. As a light chain subunit, MAP1LC3A has an important part in neuronal development and in maintaining the balance between neuronal plasticity and rigidity. MAP1LC3A is expressed as two alternatively spliced isoforms that are expressed in testis, brain, heart, liver, and skeletal muscle but are absent in thymus and peripheral blood leukocytes.

Ubiquitin-like modifier that plays a crucial role in antibacterial autophagy (xenophagy) through the selective binding of CALCOCO2. Recruits all ATG8 family members to infecting bacteria such as S.Typhimurium. May also play a role in aggrephagy, the macroautophagic degradation of ubiquitinated and aggregated proteins. MAP1LC3C Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20.7 kDa and the accession number is Q9BXW4.

MAP1LC3B (Microtubule Associated Protein 1 Light Chain 3 beta, also known as LC3B) is a Protein Coding gene. The product of this gene is a subunit of neuronal microtubule-associated MAP1A and MAP1B proteins, which are involved in microtubule assembly and important for neurogenesis. LC3B is a member of the MAP1 LC3 family. It is most abundantly expressed in the heart, brain, skeletal muscle, and testis. LC3B is a subunit of the neuronal microtubule and functions in the formation of autophagosomal vacuoles (autophagosomes). It is associated with MAP1A and MAP1B proteins, which are involved in microtubule assembly and important for neurogenesis. LC3B also plays a role in autophagy, a process that involves the bulk degradation of the cytoplasmic component.

Along with the SLC30 family, SLC39 family members regulate zinc movement in cells. SLC39 metal ion transporters accumulate zinc into the cytosol. SLC39A6, also known as LIV-1, belongs to a new subfamily of Zrt, Irt-like protein zinc transporters (LZTs). It is involved in maintaining the intracellular homeostasis of zinc, an ion that is essential in the control of cellular growth and differentiation. SLC39A6 plays a critical role in maintaining zinc homeostasis, and was originally identified as an estrogen-induced gene in a breast cancer cell line. Generally, elevated SLC39A6 expression is reportedly related to cancer progression in other various types of cancer, including breast, prostate, pancreatic, cervical and liver cancers.

SLC30A10 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.9 kDa and the accession number is Q6XR72.

Facilitates the accumulation of zinc from the cytoplasm into intracellular vesicles, being a zinc-efflux transporter. May be a major component for providing zinc to insulin maturation and or storage processes in insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells. SLC30A8 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.6 kDa and the accession number is Q8IWU4.

SLC31A1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in in vitro E. coli expression system.

May act as a zinc-influx transporter. SLC39A6 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 35.0 kDa and the accession number is Q13433.

Facilitates the accumulation of zinc from the cytoplasm into intracellular vesicles, being a zinc-efflux transporter. May be a major component for providing zinc to insulin maturation and or storage processes in insulin-secreting pancreatic beta-cells. SLC30A8 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.0 kDa and the accession number is Q8BGG0.

GATE-16, also known as ATG8, belongs to the MAP1 LC3 family. It is expressed at high levels in the brain, heart, prostate, ovary, spleen and skeletal muscle. GATE-16 is expressed at very low levels in lung, thymus and small intestine. GATE-16 is involved in intra-Golgi traffic. It modulates intra-Golgi transport through coupling between NSF activity and SNAREs activation. It first stimulates the ATPase activity of NSF which in turn stimulates the association with GOSR1.

The Atg8 LC3 GABARAP family of proteins, a group that has structural homology with ubiquitin, connects with a large set of binding partners to function in macroautophagy (hereafter autophagy). GABARAP in tumorigenesis in vivo by delaying cell death and its associated immune-related response. GABARAPs are uniquely required for antimicrobial host defense through cytosolic distribution of interferon-inducible GTPases. GABARAPs as the first known direct interaction partners of Nef that are essential for its plasma membrane localization.

Plays an important role in the regulation of different protein degradation mechanisms and pathways including ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway. Mediates the proteasomal targeting of misfolded or accumulated proteins for degradation by binding (via UBA domain) to their polyubiquitin chains and by interacting (via ubiquitin-like domain) with the subunits of the proteasome. Plays a role in the ERAD pathway via its interaction with ER-localized proteins UBXN4, VCP and HERPUD1 and may form a link between the polyubiquitinated ERAD substrates and the proteasome. Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 play a role in unfolded protein response (UPR) by attenuating the induction of UPR-inducible genes, DDTI3 CHOP, HSPA5 and PDIA2 during ER stress. Involved in the regulation of macroautophagy and autophagosome formation; required for maturation of autophagy-related protein LC3 from the cytosolic form LC3-I to the membrane-bound form LC3-II and may assist in the maturation of autophagosomes to autolysosomes by mediating autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Negatively regulates the TICAM1 TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway by decreasing the abundance of TICAM1 via the autophagic pathway. Isoform 1 and isoform 3 play a key role in the regulation of the levels of PSEN1 by targeting its accumulation to aggresomes which may then be removed from cells by autophagocytosis. Promotes the ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of ORAI1, consequently downregulating the ORAI1-mediated Ca2+ mobilization. Suppresses the maturation and proteasomal degradation of amyloid beta A4 protein (A4) by stimulating the lysine 63 (K63)-linked polyubiquitination. Delays the maturation of A4 by sequestering it in the Golgi apparatus and preventing its transport to the cell surface for subsequent processing.