Fenchyl alcohol is a monoterpene alcohol extracted from the essential oil of Douglas fir leaves and used as a flavor. It significantly inhibits the activity of rumen microorganisms in sheep and deer.

DL-Menthol ((±)-Menthol) is a racemic mixture of the monoterpene alcohols (–)-menthol and (+)-menthod, which have been found in Cannabis. (–)-Menthol is more common than (+)-menthol in nature and exhibits analgesic, antibacterial, and anticancer properties, as well as inhibits cholinesterase.2 (+)-Menthol inhibits the growth of F. verticillioides (MIC: 1.5 mM) but, unlike (–)-menthol, does not exhibit analgesic, antibacterial, anticancer, or cholinesterase inhibitory activities.

1,4-Cineole (Isocineole) is a natural, oxygenated monoterpene. 1,4-Cineole can activate both human TRPM8 and human TRPA1.

1. Paederoside is a potent deterrent against the beetle was isolated from the aphid . 2. Paederoside displays high anti-tumor promoting activity against the Epstein-Barr virus activation.

Geranyl acetate is a monoterpene that has been found in C. sativa with diverse biological activities.

Perillyl Alcohol is a naturally occurring monoterpene related to limonene with antineoplastic activity. Perillyl alcohol (Isocarveol) inhibits farnesyl transferase and geranylgeranyl transferase, thereby preventing post-translational protein farnesylation and isoprenylation and activation of oncoproteins such as p21-ras, and arresting tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

(+)-BORNEOL (d-Borneol) is a natural bicyclic monoterpene used for analgesia and anesthesia in traditional Chinese medicine; enhances GABA receptor activity with an EC50 of 248 μM.

(S)-(-)-Perillyl alcohol (Perillyl alcohol) is a monoterpene extracted from Chamaecyparis obtusa with anticancer and neuroprotective activities.It inhibits farnesylation of Ras, up-regulates mannose 6-phosphate receptors and induces apoptosis.

Camphor (2-Camphanone) is a bicyclic monoterpene ketone found widely in plants, especially CINNAMOMUM CAMPHORA. It is used topically as a skin antipruritic and as an anti-infective agent.

α-Terpinene is a terpenoid,has acaricidal, antiprotozoal, and antioxidant properties

Epoxylinalool (2-(2-Hydroxy-2-Propyl)-5-Methyl-5-Vinyltetrahydrofuran) is a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol widely used in the production of perfumes and flavors.

Isobornyl acetate is a natural product derived from the essential oil of the lemongrass plant and is a bicyclic monoterpene. It is used in a variety of applications, including as a flavoring agent, a fragrance ingredient, and a pharmaceutical ingredient.

(±)-Lavandulol, an atypical monoterpene alcohol, undergoes biotransformation by the fungal strain Rhizopus oryzae to yield its oxygenated metabolite [1].

Terpineol is a monoterpene alcohol that has been isolated from a variety of sources such as petitgrain oil.

(R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene ((R)-(-)-α-Phellandrene) is a monoterpene found in a variety of essential oils, including lemongrass, ginger, peppermint and eucalyptus. It is used as a flavoring agent in perfumes and foods, as well as in the manufacture of soaps, detergents and other personal care products.

Isoborneol (DL-Isoborneol) is a monoterpene alcohol, with neuroprotective and antiviral activities

2-Carene is a naturally occurring bicyclic monoterpene found in many essential oils such as pine, cedar and cypress. It has been found to have anti-inflammatory, antifungal and antibacterial activities, as well as antioxidant, antitumor and antiallergic activities, and neuroprotective, cardioprotective and hepatoprotective effects.

(+)-trans-Isolimonene is a natural product (monoterpene) isolated from essential oil.

Thymol, also known as Pseudoaspidin, is a principal monoterpene phenol found in the essential oils of plants from the Lamiaceae family, along with several other families including Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Apiaceae. This compound exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antifungal properties.

γ-Terpinene (p-Mentha-1,4-diene) is a monoterpene compound with high antioxidant properties suitable for oral consumption. It displays direct radical scavenging abilities and is known to be a potent antinociceptive agent.

(-)-α-Terpineol has antitumour, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, it inhibits the growth of tumour cells through a mechanism that involves inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway

Citronellal ((±)-Citronellal) is a monoterpene predominantly formed by the secondary metabolism of plants, producing antithrombotic, antiplatelet, and antihypertensive activities.

Benzylideneacetone, a monoterpene produced by the insect pathogenic bacterium Xenorhabdus nematophila, is a phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitor with inhibitory effects on arachidonoid biosynthesis and enhances baculovirus pathogenicity of Xylaria minor.

Citral A monoterpene, obtained from the essential oil of lemongrass, which has anti-pain and anti-inflammatory properties.

Echitamine chloride, the predominant monoterpene indole alkaloid found in Alstonia scholaris, exhibits significant anti-tumor activity by inducing DNA fragmentation and apoptosis. Furthermore, it effectively inhibits pancreatic lipase, with an inhibition concentration (IC 50) of 10.92 µM [1] [2].

Secologanin is a monoterpene that has been found in V. rosea and is an intermediate in the synthesis of monoterpene indole alkaloids from geraniol.

Tricyclene, a monoterpene identified in various conifers such as Abies, Pinus, Picea, and Tsuga, exhibits notable presence across these species.

(R)-Citronellol ((R)-(+)-β-Citronellol) is found in herbs and spices, as well as bilberry. (R)-Citronellol is a constituent of black cumin (Nigella sativa) seeds. (R)-Citronellol is a common constituent of plant oils, especially in the Rutaceae.

Menthofuran is a natural product.

Nerol (Neryl alcohol) is a monoterpene found in many essential oils, such as lemon balm and hop.Nerol can lessened the severity of ouabain-triggered arrhythmias in mammalian heart.

3-Carene（Delta-3-Carene） is a bicyclic monoterpene extracted from western larch and Douglas-fir that acts as a phytofungicide.3-Carene inhibits inflammatory infiltrates and COX-2 overexpression induced by nociceptive stimuli.3-Carene has anti-injury properties and promotes the activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase, an early marker of osteoblast differentiation.

Myrtenal is a natural monoterpene. It is found to attenuate diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in rats by stabilizing intrinsic antioxidants and modulating apoptotic and anti-apoptotic cascades. Myrtenal also inhibits acetylcholinesterase

Oxypaeoniflorin a monoterpene glycoside compound isolated from Paeoniae, is an antioxidant, is neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory.

α-Thujone is an inhibitor of ACh with an IC50 value of 24.7μM.

1. Albiflorin (Alibiflorin) has anticonvulsant effect for pain relief. 2. Albiflorin and paeoniflorin has neuroprotective action against Glu toxicity. 3. Albiflorin and paeoniflorin significantly ameliorated Glu-induced reduction of cell viability, nuclear and mitochondrial apoptotic alteration, reactive oxygen species accumulation and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bax ratio. 4. Albiflorin can serve as a new chemical marker for the quality control of Paeoniae Radix and the Chinese Pharmacopoeia can be updated, via has similar anti-inflammatory effects to paeoniflorin.

Piperitenone, a monoterpene identified in various plants, exhibits antioxidant activity and inhibits the peroxidation of linoleic acid.

Lactiflorin is a monoterpene glycoside from paeony root. Lactiflorin possesses nephroprotective effect.

Sabinene is a natural product that has antifungal and anti-inflammatory properties