nausea

Propoxur (Propoxure) is an insecticide used to control cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, and lawn and turf insects. Acute (short-term) exposure of humans to propoxur by ingestion leads to cholinesterase inhibition of red blood cells, with mild cholinergic symptoms including blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and tachycardia; however, the effects are transient. Chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure has resulted in depressed cholinesterase levels, headaches, vomiting, and nausea in humans. Chronic ingestion studies in animals have reported depressed cholinesterase levels, depressed body weight, effects to the liver and bladder, and a slight increase in neuropathy. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of propoxur in humans. Mixed results are available from cancer studies of propoxur in animals. EPA has not classified propoxur for carcinogenicity.

Nonabine is a compound with strong antiemetic properties that can be used to prevent nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.

Ramosetron is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. It is believed to have higher potency and longer antiemetic action than other 1st generation 5-HT3 antagonists such as ondansetron. Ramosetron is also indicated for a treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome in males . It is only licensed for use in Japan and selected Southeast Asian countries.

Prochlorperazine Maleate (Capazine) is a phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS.

Metoclopramide hydrochloride (Metoclopramide HCl) is a selective dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, used as an antiemetic.

Metoclopramide hydrochloride hydrate (Metoclopramide monohydrochloride monohydrate) is a dopamine D2 antagonist that is a drug used for digestive dysfunction. It acts as an anti-emetic

Anatumomab mafenatox (ABR-214936), a 73 KDa recombinant protein, targets the tumor-associated antigen 5T4 commonly expressed in malignancies. It is a conjugate comprising a modified form of SEA linked to a murine Fab. The primary adverse effects of Anatumomab mafenatox include fever, hypotension, pain, nausea, and drowsiness [1].

2-Methoxybenzoic acid (o-Anisic acid) is a novel antiemetic which prevents nausea and vomiting in humans.

Fosaprepitant dimeglumine (MK-0517) is the dimeglumine salt form of fosaprepitant, the water-soluble, N-phosphorylated prodrug of aprepitant, with antiemetic activity. Upon intravenous administration and rapid conversion to aprepitant, this agent binds selectively to the human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). This inhibits receptor binding of the endogenous substance P and prevents substance P-induced emesis.

Frovatriptan succinate hydrate (Frova) is effective in treating the full spectrum of migraine including the associated symptoms of nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia. Frovatriptan succinate hydrate can also be used as in mini-prophylaxis in menstrual migraine. Frovatriptan succinate hydrate is a potent, high affinity, selective and orally active 5-HT1B, HT1D receptor agonist and a moderately potent 5-HT7 receptor agonist, with pKi values of 8.6, 8.4, and 6.7, respectively.

RG 12915 is a potent, selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist developed for the treatment of emesis and nausea associated with cancer chemotherapy.

Domperidone (R33812)(Motilium) is a dopamine blocker and an antidopaminergic reagent. It blocks the action of. It has strong affinities for the D2 and D3 dopamine receptors, which are found in the chemoreceptor trigger zone, located just outside the blood brain barrier, which - among others - regulates nausea and vomiting (area postrema on the floor of the fourth ventricle and rhomboid fossa).

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) is used orally as a urinary tract analgesic. Side effects of phenazopyridine hydrochloride administration can include nausea, interference with the oxygen-carrying capacity of red blood cells (methemoglobinemia), hemolytic anemia as well as renal and hepatic toxicity. It is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen.

Hydroxyzine (Hydroxyzine free base) is an antagonist of histamine H1-receptor.

Dolasetron (MDL-73147)(MDL-73147) is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Dolasetron is used to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy.

Trimethobenzamide (Ro 2-9578 free base) is a D2 receptor antagonist and an antiemetic agent. Primarily utilized to mitigate the occurrence of nausea and vomiting, trimethobenzamide effectively blocks the D2 receptor.

Naldemedine (S 297995) is a peripheral selective μ-opioid receptor antagonist being developed by Shionogi for the treatment of opioid-induced adverse reactions, including constipation, nausea, and vomiting. They are usually well tolerated, mainly with mil

Meclizine dihydrochloride (NSC28728) is a histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.

Hydroxyzine dihydrochloride (Hydroxyzine 2HCl) is a histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.

Ondansetron hydrochloride dihydrate (GR 38032) is a competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.

Trimethobenzamide hydrochloride (Ro 2-9578) is a blocker of the D2 receptor. Trimethobenzamide is an antiemetic used to prevent nausea and vomiting.

Alizapride hydrochloride (Alizapride HCl) is a dopamine receptor antagonist used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting.

Azasetron hydrochloride (Y-25130 HCl) is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist which is used as an anti-emetic.

Anti-Heart Failure Agent 1 is an orally available compound suitable for the treatment of heart failure without inducing vomiting, nausea, and restlessness.

Palonosetron hydrochloride (RS 25259) is a 5-HT3 antagonist used in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Quinethazone is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension. Common side effects include dizziness, dry mouth, nausea, and low potassium levels.

Bismuth Subsalicylate (Bismuth subsalicylat) is the active ingredient in the popular medication Pepto-Bismol that is used to treat nausea, heartburn, indigestion, upset stomach, diarrhea, and other temporary discomforts of the stomach and gastrointestinal tract.

Ondansetron hydrochloride (Zofran) is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

Rolapitant (SCH619734) Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of rolapitant, an orally bioavailable, centrally-acting, selective, neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor) antagonist with potential antiemetic activity. Upon oral administration, rolapitant competitively binds to and blocks the activity of the NK1-receptor in the central nervous system, thereby inhibiting the binding of the endogenous ligand, substance P (SP). This may prevent both SP-induced emesis and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The interaction of SP with the NK1-receptor plays a key role in the induction of nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Compared to other NK1-receptor antagonists, rolapitant has both a more rapid onset of action and a much longer half-life.

Ramosetron hydrochloride (YM-060) is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. It is used to treat diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome and nausea.

Dolasetron Mesylate hydrate (Dalasetron Mesylate Hydrate) , a selective serotonin receptor antagonist, competitively blocks the action of serotonin at 5HT3 receptors, resulting in suppression of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Buclizine dihydrochloride (Buclina) is the hydrochloride salt form of buclizine, a piperazine histamine H1 receptor antagonist with primarily antiemetic and antivertigo activities. Buclizine dihydrochloride binds to and blocks the histamine H1 receptor, thereby preventing the symptoms that are caused by histamine activity. Buclizine dihydrochloride exerts its anti-emetic effect by binding to and blocking the muscarinic and histamine receptors in the vomiting center of the central nervous system (CNS). This may prevent activation of the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and may reduce nausea and vomiting.

L-368,899 hydrochloride is an orally available and selective nonpeptide oxytocin receptor (OXTR) antagonist for the prevention of preterm labor.L-368,899 hydrochloride prevents oxytocin-induced anti-anomalous pain and anti-nausea, and may be useful for the study of depression.

Metoclopramide (5-Chloro-2-methoxyprocainamide) is a dopamine D2 antagonist which has been used for treatment of a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms over the last thirty years. In various countries, metoclopramide is the antiemetic drug of choice in pregnant women. Findings provide reassurance regarding the safety of metoclopramide for the fetus when the drug is given to women to relieve nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Evidence also supports its use for gastroparesis (poor stomach emptying) and gastroesophageal reflux disease. It appears to bind to dopamine D2 receptors where it is a receptor antagonist, and is also a mixed 5-HT3 receptor antagonist/ 5-HT4 receptor agonist.

Cisapride tartrate is chemically related to metoclopramide, but unlike metoclopramide, it does not cross the blood-brain barrier or have antidopaminergic effects. Cisapride is a serotonin-4 (5-HT4) receptor agonist. Cisapride was indicated for the symptomatic treatment of adult patients with nocturnal heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux disease. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in America stopped the marketing of cisapride as of 14th July 2000. They had received at least 341 reports of heart rhythm abnormalities and these led to 80 deaths. Other reported adverse effects are: headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, constipation. Cisapride for animals has been found helpful in some cases of megaesophagus and is a common treatment for feline megacolon. Clarithromycin, erythromycin, and troleandomycin markedly inhibit the metabolism of cisapride. Concurrent administration of certain anticholinergic compounds, such as belladonna alkaloids and dicyclomine, would be e......

Dolasetron Mesylate (MDL-73147EF) is an antagonist of the 5-HT3 receptor and can be used in research on the treatment of vomiting and nausea following chemotherapy.

Palonosetron-d3 HCl is a deuterated compound of Palonosetron HCl. Palonosetron HCl has a CAS number of 135729-62-3. Palonosetron is a 5-HT3 antagonist used in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.

Methotrimeprazine is an orally available neuroleptic agent. It is commonly used to relieve nausea and vomiting in palliative care settings. Levomepromazine has antagonist actions at multiple neurotransmitter receptor sites, including cholinergic, dopamine

Clebopride malate is a dopamine antagonist drug Used to treat functional gastrointestinal disorders such as nausea or vomiting.

(R)-Casopitant ((R)-GW679769), an isomer of Casopitant, functions as an NK(1)-receptor antagonist. It has applications in the study of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting [1] [2].

Ezlopitant (CJ-11974) is a small molecule neurokinin-1-receptor (NK1) antagonist used to treat nausea, vomiting and pain.

Rolapitant, also known as SCH-619734, is an orally bioavailable, centrally-acting, selective, neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-receptor) antagonist with potential antiemetic activity. Upon oral administration, rolapitant competitively binds to and blocks the activity of the NK1-receptor in the central nervous system, thereby inhibiting the binding of the endogenous ligand, substance P (SP). This may prevent both SP-induced emesis and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The interaction of SP with the NK1-receptor plays a key role in the induction of nausea and vomiting caused by emetogenic cancer chemotherapy.

Palonosetron, a 5-HT3 antagonist with Ki of 0.17 nM, is used in the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).

(R,R)-Palonosetron Hydrochloride is the active enantiomer of Palonosetron