neurotrophic

The precursor form of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (pro-BDNF) interacts preferentially with the pan-neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR) and vps10p domain-containing receptor sortilin and induces neuronal apoptosis, whereas mature BDNF selectively binds with high affinity to the TrkB kinase receptor and promotes the survival, growth and differentiation of neurons. As proneurotrophins and mature neurotrophins elicit opposite biological effects, Pro-BDNF cleavage in the neuronal system is regulated in a specific and cell-context dependent manner. Pro-BDNF plays important role in negative regulation of neurotrophic actions in the brain.

BDNF Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.3 kDa and the accession number is P23363.

TrkB Protein, Canine, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 71.2 kDa and the accession number is XP_541264.2.

TrkC Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His and hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 72.5 kDa and the accession number is Q16288-2.

TrkC Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 46.1 kDa and the accession number is Q16288-2.

TrkA Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His and hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 66 kDa and the accession number is P04629-1.

TrkC Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 46.1 kDa and the accession number is Q6VNS1-1.

CNTFR Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36 kDa and the accession number is P26992.

CNTF Protein, Rat, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 22.9 kDa and the accession number is P20294.

TrkB Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 70.9 kDa and the accession number is Q16620-2.

Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) is a potent survival factor for neurons and oligodendrocytes. CNTF has also been shown to prevent the degeneration of motor axons after axotomy. CNTF is highly conserved across species and exhibits cross-species activities. Human and rat CNTF share approximately 83% homology in their protein sequence. CNTF is structurally related to IL6, IL11, LIF and OSM. All of these four helix bundle cytokines share gp130 as a signal transducing subunit in their receptor complexes. CNTF, like FGF acidic, FGF basic, and PD-ECGF (platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor), does not possess a signal sequence that would allow secretion of the factor by classical secretion pathways. The mechanism underlying the release of CNTF is unknown.

GDNF family receptor alpha-2 is a glycosylphosphatidylinosito l (GPI)-linked cell surface receptor. It is part of the GDNF receptor family. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin (NTN) are two structurally related, potent neurotrophic factors that play key roles in the control of neuron survival and differentiation. GFRA2 mediates the NRTN-induced autophosphorylation and activation of the RET receptor. It also able to mediate GDNF signaling through the RET tyrosine kinase receptor. It acts preferentially as a receptor for NTN compared to its other family member, GDNF family receptor alpha 1.

TrkA Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 285-413, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 15.1 kDa and the accession number is P04629-1.

ARMET/MANF Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 19.6 kDa and the accession number is Q9CXI5.

GDNF Protein, Human, Recombinant (HEK293) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 15.1 kDa and the accession number is P39905-2.

GDNF Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 17.1 kDa and the accession number is Q07731-1.

TrkB Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 47.1 kDa and the accession number is Q63604.

TrkA Protein, Canine, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.2 kDa and the accession number is XP_851619.3.

TrkA Protein, Rat, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 69.2 kDa and the accession number is P35739.

TrkA Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 69.2 kDa and the accession number is Q3UFB7.

GDNF Protein, Canine, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40 kDa and the accession number is XP_005619436.1.

BDNF is a member of thenerve growth factorfamily. It is highly expressed in hippocampus, amygdala, cerebral cortex and cerebellum. It also can be detected in heart, lung, skeletal muscle, testis, prostate and placenta. BDNF is induced by cortical neurons, and is necessary for survival of striatal neurons in the brain. During development, BDNF promotes the survival and differentiation of selected neuronal populations of the peripheral and central nervous systems. It participates in axonal growth, pathfinding and in the modulation of dendritic growth and morphology. It functions as the major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. The versatility of BDNF is emphasized by its contribution to a range of adaptive neuronal responses including long-term potentiation (LTP), long-term depression (LTD), certain forms of short-term synaptic plasticity, as well as homeostatic regulation of intrinsic neuronal excitability.

Neurotrophic factor that enhances survival and morphological differentiation of dopaminergic neurons and increases their high-affinity dopamine uptake. GDNF Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 31.1 kDa and the accession number is P39905.

Seems to promote the survival of visceral and proprioceptive sensory neurons. Neurotrophin 3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 17.7 kDa and the accession number is P20783.

CNTF Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 24.7 kDa and the accession number is P51642.

CDNF Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20 kDa and the accession number is Q49AH0-1.

TrkB Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 45.7 kDa and the accession number is Q16620-2.

CNTFR Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.6 kDa and the accession number is Q08406-1.

TrkA Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.95 kDa and the accession number is XP_005541454.3.

GDNF Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 15.2 kDa and the accession number is P39905-1.

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) is a member of the neurotrophin family. Along with other structurally related neurotrophic factors NGF, NT-3 and NT-4, BDNF binds with high affinity to the TrkB kinase receptor. It also binds with the LNGFR (for low-affinity nerve growth factor receptor, also known as p75). BDNF promotes the survival, growth and differentiation of neurons. It serves as a major regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity at adult synapses in many regions of the CNS. BDNF expression is altered in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease.

ARMET/MANF Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.9 kDa and the accession number is A8K878.

CNTF Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 24.5 kDa and the accession number is P26441.

CDNF Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20 kDa and the accession number is Q8CC36.

TrkB Protein, Rat, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 71.5 kDa and the accession number is Q63604-1.

TrkA Protein, Canine, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.3 kDa and the accession number is XP_851619.3.

TrkB Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 46 kDa and the accession number is P15209-2.

Seems to promote the survival of visceral and proprioceptive sensory neurons. Neurotrophin 3 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 21.1 kDa and the accession number is P18280.

CDNF Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 45.2 kDa and the accession number is Q49AH0-1.

TrkA Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.5 kDa and the accession number is P04629-1.

ARMET/MANF Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20 kDa and the accession number is P55145.

TrkA Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 194-413, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26 kDa and the accession number is P04629-1.

TrkA Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.7 kDa and the accession number is Q3UFB7.

TrkB Protein, Canine, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.7 kDa and the accession number is XP_541264.2.

TrkA Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.7 kDa and the accession number is A6J617.

TrkA Protein, Rabbit, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.4 kDa and the accession number is XP_008262512.1.

Persephin is a secreted protein, belongs to the glial cell linederived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) family of the TGF-β superfamily. It shares 38-46% amino acid (aa) identity with family members GDNF, neurturin and artemin. It is expressed at very low levels in most tissues. Mature protein contains a signal sequence, a pro-domain and a 96 aa mature sequence with several cysteines that are conserved among family members. It circulates as an unglycosylated disulfide-linked homodimer. Like other GDNF family members, Persephin acts through engagement of GRFα4, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked GDNF receptor family Persephin is reported to promote both the survival and growth of central dopaminergic and motor neurons, and kidney development. These effects are correlated with the expression patterns of GFRα4, and RET.

Neurturin is a member of the GDNF family of ligands, which include glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), Neurturin, Persephin, and Artemin. Neurturin is expressed in both neuronal and nonneuronal tissues. Similarly to other TGFβ family proteins, Neurturin is synthesized as a precursor protein that is cleaved at the dibasic cleavage site (RXXR) to release the carboxyterminal domain. The carboxy terminal domain of Neurturin contains the characteristic seven conserved cysteine residues necessary for the formation of the cysteine-knot and the single interchain disulfide bond. Biologically active human Neurturin is a disulfide-linked homodimer of the carboxy-terminal 102 amino acid residues. Unlike other members of TGF-β family, bioactivities of all GDNF family ligands are mediated through a unique multicomponent receptor complex composed of high affinity ligand binding component (GFRα-1-GFRα-4) and a common signaling component (cRET receptor tyrosine kinase). Each member of the GDNF family ligands has its preferred binding protein. Neurturin preferentially binds to GFRα-2 but can also bind GFRα-1 at higher concentrations. It may play a role in regulating the development and maintenance of the central and peripheral nervous systems and as well as non neuronal systems.

Interleukin 3 is a pleiotropic factor produced primarily by activated T cells that can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells as well as various lineage committed progenitors. In addition, IL-3 also affects the functional activity of mature mast cells, basophils, eosinophils and macrophages.Because of its multiple functions and targets, it was originally studied under different names, including mast cell growth factor P-cell stimulating factor, burst promoting activity, multi-colony stimulating factor, thy-1 inducing factor and WEHI-3 growth factor. In addition to activated T cells, other cell types such as human thymic epithelial cells, activated mouse mast cells, mouse keratinocytes and neurons/astrocytes can also produce IL-3. IL-3 exerts its biological activities through binding to specific cell surface receptors. The high affinity receptor responsible for IL-3. signaling is composed of α and βsubunits. IL-3 is capable of supporting the proliferation of abroad range of hematopoietic cell types. It is involved in avariety of cell activities such as cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. IL-3 has been shown to also possess neurotrophic activity, and it may be associated with neurologic disorders.

gp130 is a common signal transducing component of the functional receptor complexes for the interleukin (IL)-6 family of cytokines, ie, IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and cardiotrophin-1. These cytokines exhibit pleiotropic biological activities in, for instance, immune, hematopoietic, and neural systems, and function in a redundant manner owing to the shared usage of gp130. gp130/IL6ST Protein, Rhesus macaque, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 69.09 kDa and the accession number is F7FXB6.