SMN-C3 (MV8T2MCK57) is an orally active modulator of SMN2 splicing, and has the potential to treat spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

SMN-C2 is a selective regulator of SMN2 gene splicing, a risdiplam analogue, a selective RNA-binding ligand that regulates pre-mRNA splicing and acts by binding to SMN2 pre-mRNA.SMN-C2 has the potential to be used in the study of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

Risdiplam (RO7034067) (RG7916) is orally administered. Risdiplam is a centrally and peripherally distributed SMN2 pre-mRNA splicing modifier which increases survival motor neuron (SMN) protein levels[1].

SMN2-Stablizer-27 is a stablizer of survival of motor neuron 2 (SMN2), and a post-translationally stablizing SMN protein for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).

SMND-309 is a metabolite of salvianolic acid B. It also shows neuroprotective effects in cultured neurons and in permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion rats.

Nusinersen, an antisense oligonucleotide drug, modifies the pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) splicing of the SMN2 gene, thereby enhancing the production of the full-length Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein.

RG7800 hydrochloride is an orally active modulator of SMN2 splicing.

The Survival of Motor Neurons (SMN) protein participates in RNA splicing. Decreases in SMN, typically a consequence of defects in the smn1 gene, result in the death of motor neurons and lead to the neurodegenerative disease, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Cuspin-1 is a small molecule upregulator of SMN that has been shown in vitro to increase levels of SMN in SMA patient fibroblasts by 50% at 18 μM. Its mechanism of action is thought to involve increased phosphorylation of ERK to initiate Ras-Raf-MEK signaling, which results in an increased rate of SMN translation.

Branaplam is a highly potent, selective and orally active SMN2 splicing modulator. Branaplam increases the amount of functional SMN protein produced by the SMN2 gene through modifying its splicing.

NVS-SM2 is an effective small molecule splicing enhancer of SMN2 with oral activity. NVS-SM2 showed increased exon 7 inclusion and upregulated SMN protein expression in SMA fibroblasts and SMN cells Δ7 5025 mouse myoblasts.

ML372 is a potent and selective SMN Modulator (EC50 = 12 nM, 325% increase inSMN2) with good potency, pharmacokinetics, tolerance, and CNS penetration.

RG7800 hydrochloride is an orally active SMN2 splicing modulator that acts on SMN2 splicing (EC1.5x: 23 nM) and SMN proteins (EC1.5x: 87 nM).

Branaplam (LMI070; NVS-SM1) hydrochloride is a selective, orally active SMN2 splicing modulator that acts on SMN (EC50: 20 nM). branaplam hydrochloride inhibits hERG (IC50: 6.3 μM). In a mouse model of severe spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), Branaplam hydrochloride increased full-length SMN protein and improved survival.

Branaplam (LMI 070) is a highly potent, selective and orally active small molecule SMN2 splicing modulator.

RG7800 hydrochloride is an orally active modulator of SMN2 splicing, exhibiting EC50 values of 23 nM for SMN2 splicing and 87 nM for SMN protein production. This compound holds promise as a therapeutic agent for spinal muscular atrophy.

Rg3039 (PF-06687859) is a potent DcpS inhibitor. DcpS is a therapeutic target for spinal muscular atrophy. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by deletion or mutation of both copies of the SMN1 gene which produces an essential protein known as SMN. RG3039 improves motor function in SMA mice. RG3039 also showed activity to improve survival, function and motor unit pathologies in two SMA mouse models.