digestive

Capeserod is a potential 5-HT4 receptor (5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4) agonist for the study of digestive disorders and neurological disorders.

Velaresol (BW 12C79) is used for the study of tumors, sickle cell anemia and digestive disorders.

Tocofersolan (TPGS) is a polyethylene glycol derivative of α-tocopherol and synthetic water-soluble version of Tocopherol. Tocofersolan is an oral treatment of vitamin E deficiency due to digestive malabsorption in pediatric patients with congenital chronic cholestasis or hereditary chronic cholestasis.

Prifinium bromide is a quaternary ammon antimuscarinic. It inhibits hyperkinesia of the digestive organs and urinary tract and has a spasmolytic action.

Carbenoxolone disodium (Duogastrone) salt is an agent derived from licorice root. It is used for the treatment of digestive tract ulcers, especially in the stomach. Antidiuretic side effects are frequent, but otherwise, the drug is low in toxicity.

Pancreatin (pancrelipase) is a mixture of several digestive enzymes secreted by the exocrine cells of the pancreas. It is composed of amylase, lipase and protease.

Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), an active component isolated from Astragalus membranaceus, suppresses the activation of ERK1 2 and JNK, and downregulates matrix metalloproteases (MMP)-2, (MMP)-9 in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Astragaloside IV is a bioactive saponin first isolated from the dried plant roots of the genus Astragalus, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine.1 It dose-dependently inhibits human adenovirus type 3 (HAdV-3) in A549 cells (IC50 = 23 μM; LC50 = 865 μM).It inhibits replication of HAdV-3 and decreases HAdV-3-induced apoptosis. It has diverse protective effects for the cardiovascular, immune, digestive, and nervous systems. In particular, it reduces myocardial infarct size in dogs when administered prior to coronary ligation and reduces reperfusion arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts.

Sulpiride (Aiglonyl) is a dopamine D2-receptor antagonist, used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid.

Metoclopramide hydrochloride hydrate (Metoclopramide monohydrochloride monohydrate) is a dopamine D2 antagonist that is a drug used for digestive dysfunction. It acts as an anti-emetic

L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is not considered one of the 20 amino acids, L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is a sulfur-containing derivative obtained from oxidation of cysteine amino acid thiol side chains. It functions as an antioxidant and protects tissues against radiation and pollution, slowing the aging process. It also aids protein synthesis. L-Cystine (Cystine Acid) is abundant in many proteins of skeletal tissues and skin, and found in insulin and digestive enzymes chromotrypsinogen A, papain, and trypsinogen.

Miricorilant (CORT 118335) is a selective glucocorticoid receptor modulator for the study of digestive and metabolic disorders.

Ticalopride is a 5-HT3 receptor agonist used in the treatment of digestive disorders, orofacial disorders, otorhinolaryngologic disorders, and may be used in the study of bulimia nervosa, gastroesophageal reflux, and irritable bowel syndrome.

Donetidine is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist used to treat digestive disorders.

Ledoxantrone trihydrochloride is a Top II inhibitor with anticancer activity and is used in the study of digestive disorders and urologic disorders.

Pranazepide (FK 480) is a small molecule cholecystokinin receptor antagonist used to study digestive disorders and pancreatitis.

CFTR corrector 8 is a highly effective modulator of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). This compound is specifically designed for utilization in research related to cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder primarily affecting the lungs and digestive system [1].

Isopsoralenoside shows estrogen-like, osteoblastic proliferation accelerating, antitumor, and antibacterial effects.

Psoralenoside is a natural product isolated from the fruits of Psoralea corylifolia, shows estrogen-like activity, osteoblastic proliferation accelerating activity, antitumor effects and antibacterial activity.

Serratia marcescens nuclease, a nonspecific nuclease, exhibits broad utility owing to its robust digestive capacity for both DNA and RNA [1] [2].

Human enteropeptidase-IN-3 is an inhibitor of enteropeptidase activity, distinguished by its extended duration of inhibition, and is applicable in the research of intestinal digestive-related diseases [1].

Valosin (porcine), a 25-amino-acid biologically active peptide, is recently isolated from pig intestine and utilized in digestive system research [1].

Chrysanthellin A, the principal saponin-derived compound isolated from Chrysanthellum americanum extract, is utilized in the research of digestive impairments [1].

Toripalimab, the first domestic anti-tumor PD-1 antibody in China, is a selective, recombinant, humanized monoclonal antibody that targets PD-1. By binding to PD-1, it inhibits interactions with its ligands, demonstrating primary anti-tumor efficacy in various tumors, including melanoma, lung cancer, digestive tract tumors, hepatobiliary and pancreatic tumors, neuroendocrine neoplasms, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and urothelial carcinoma [1].

Orlistat-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of orlistat by GC- or LC-MS. Orlistat is a digestive lipase inhibitor. It inhibits diacylglycerol lipase α (DAGLα), DAGLβ, α/β-hydrolase domain-containing protein 12 (ABHD12), ABHD16A, and platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH; IC50s = 0.06, 0.1, 0.08, 0.03, and 0.05 µM, respectively), as well as pancreatic lipase and hormone-sensitive lipase (IC50s = 0.65 and 2.1 µg/ml, respectively) but does not inhibit fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) or KIAA1363 (IC50s = >100 µM for both). Orlistat decreases ionomycin-induced production of the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG) in N18TG2 murine neuroblastoma cells when used at a concentration of 1 µM. It also inhibits fatty acid synthase (FASN; Kiapp = ~0.1 µM for the human enzyme) and the proliferation of PC3 prostate cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Orlistat (10 mg/kg) decreases serum cholesterol levels and total bod......

Orlistat degradation product is a degradation product of the digestive lipase inhibitor orlistat . It is formed via hydrolytic and thermal degradation as well as digestion by human carboxyl ester lipase.

Dalapon is a selective herbicide used to control perennial grasses. The major use of dalapon is on food crops including sugarcane and sugar beets. Its use is no longer authorized in France. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health in the

CCK-A receptor inhibitor 1 is a potent cholecystokinin A (CCK-A) receptor inhibitor (IC50: 340 nM) and can be used to study digestive system-related diseases.

Alizapride is an antagonist of dopamine receptor. Alizapride can be used in human digestive disorders which is a potent antiemetic [1] [3].

Sulpiride-d5 is a deuterated compound of Sulpiride. Sulpiride has a CAS number of 15676-16-1. Sulpiride is a dopamine D2-receptor antagonist, used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid.

cis-9,10-Methyleneoctadecanoic acid is a cyclopropane fatty acid found in bacteria and the digestive gland of P. globosa, forming a component of S. aureus cell membranes with levels that decrease upon treatment with carvacrol. Secreted by H. pylori, it enhances histamine- and dibutyryl cAMP-stimulated acid secretion in isolated guinea pig parietal cells and activates protein kinase C (PKC) in a calcium-dependent manner.

Chloroquine is a medication preventing and treating malaria in areas where malaria is known to be sensitive to its effects. It is also sometimes used for amebiasis that is occurring outside the intestines, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus erythematosus. Ch

Plm IV Inhibitor-2 is a powerful inhibitor of digestive vacuole plasmepsins IV (Plm IV), displaying IC50 values of 24 nM for Plm IV, 70 nM for Plm II, and 0.3 μM for Plm I. It is used in malaria research involving Plasmodium parasites.

[Leu15]-Gastrin I human (Amino Acid Sequence Glp-Gly-Pro-Trp-Leu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Glu-Ala-Tyr-Gly-Trp-Leu-Asp-Phe-NH2) encodes for the protein [Leu15]-Gastrin I in human. In human chromosome, the gene GAST is localized on 17q21.2. G cells in the stomach antrum produces the precursor of [Leu15]-Gastrin I, progastrin.Progastrin undergoes cleavage and processing to yield gastrin, which is trophic for the entire gastrointestinal epithelium. Gastrin is essential for the growth of the digestive system and stimulates the production of gastric acid by parietal cells. Gastrin exerts its function through G-protein-coupled receptor called the cholecystokinin (CCK) or CCK-B receptor (CCK-BR). Gastrin release is stimulated by food, especially protein diet and is inhibited by very low pH. Atrophic gastritis, a Helicobacter pylori infection and long-term administration of proton pump inhibitors infection may cause overexpression of gastrin. Gastric adenocarcinoma show high levels of gastrin.

Transferrins (Thypinone) are proteins responsible for carrying iron absorbed by the digestive tract and iron released by red blood cell degradation, and are mainly found in plasma. Transferrins have antibacterial and bactericidal activity and can promote the storage and transportation of extracellular iron.

Ambrein is a triterpene alcohol that is the chief constituent of ambergris, a secretion from the digestive system of the sperm whale, and has been suggested as the possible active component producing the supposed aphrodisiac effects of ambergris. It serves as the biological precursor for a number of aromatic derivatives such as ambroxan and is thought to possess fixative properties for other odorants. It has been shown to act as an analgesic and it has been proven to increase sexual behavior in rats, providing some support for its traditional aphrodisiac use. Ambrein has also been shown to decrease spontaneous contractions of smooth muscles in rats, guinea pigs, and rabbits. It is able to reduce these contractions by serving as an antagonist and interfering with the Ca2+ ions from outside of the cell.

Casokefamide is a peripherally-specific, synthetic opioid pentapeptide. It was derived from the β-casomorphin sequence and designed with the intention of improving resistance to digestive enzymes so that it could be used as an antidiarrheal medicine.

Okadaic acid is a potent polyether marine toxin that accumulates in the digestive glands of marine mollusks.Okadaic acid is a highly potent and selective protein phosphatase (PP) inhibitor, inhibiting PP1, PP2A, PP3, PP4, and PP5.Okadaic acid activates Wnt β-catenin signaling in human HepaRG cells. catenin signaling in human HepaRG cells.

Secretin (swine), a neuroendocrine hormone first identified as secreted by S cells in the duodenal mucosa, is a 27-amino acid peptide targeting secretin receptors. Present in all mature enteroendocrine cell subsets, it is stimulated by fatty acids and promotes pancreatic secretion of water and bicarbonate. Secretin has diverse effects on organ systems and is utilized in research on the digestive system, central nervous system, and energy metabolism [1][2].