msh

γ-1-MSH, amide acetate (72629-65-3 free base), a putative hormone in the N-terminal region of the ACTH/beta- endorphin (beta-EP) precursor protein, was studied by RIA with an antiserum against gamma 3-MSH in ACTH-producing mouse pituitary tumor cells, AtT-20/D16v.

Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (Beta-MSH (1-22) (human) acetate (17908-57-5 Free base)) , is an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

a-MSH, amide Acetate as an endogenous neuropeptide. It is an endogenous melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) agonist with anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities. α-MSH is a post-translational derivative of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)

[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH acetate(321351-81-9 free base) is a selective melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor agonist (IC50 values are 6.7, 340 and 600 nM for human MC3, MC5 and MC4 receptors respectively) and displays anti-inflammatory efficacy.

α-MSH (MSH, amide) is amide stimulates melanocortin 1 receptor that results in the activation of adenylyl cyclase.

Acetyl-α-MSH (11-13), the acetylated C-terminal tripeptide of α-MSH, exhibits antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects [1] [2].

Stimulating -Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human TFA, is a 22 peptide and is an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor.MC4 - R) agonists.

Gamma-MSH (Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone), a putative hormone in the N-terminal region of the ACTH/beta- endorphin (beta-EP) precursor protein, was studied by RIA with an antiserum against gamma 3-MSH in ACTH-producing mouse pituitary tumor cells, AtT-20

γ3-MSH, originating from the N-terminal segment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), induces aldosterone secretion in cultured human adrenal tumor cells [1].

Endogenous melanocortin MC3 receptor agonist (pKi = 7.46) that displays ~ 40-fold selectivity over MC4. Increases the release of extracellular dopamine, which induces grooming and vertical activity (rearing) in rats. Exhibits hypertensive, tachycardic and

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a 13-amino acid peptide hormone produced by post-translational processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary gland, as well as in keratinocytes, astrocytes, monocytes, and gastrointestinal cells.1It is an agonist of melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3R) and MC4R that induces cAMP production in Hepa cells expressing the human receptors (EC50s = 0.16 and 56 nM, respectively).2α-MSH (100 pM) reducesS. aureuscolony formation andC. albicansgerm tube formationin vitro.3It inhibits endotoxin-, ceramide-, TNF-α-, or okadaic acid-induced activation of NF-κB in U937 cells.1α-MSH reduces IL-6- or TNF-α-induced ear edema in mice.4It also prevents the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and increases survival in a mouse model of septic shock. Increased plasma levels of α-MSH are positively correlated with delayed disease progression and reduced death in patients with HIV.1 1.Catania, A., Airaghi, L., Colombo, G., et al.α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in normal human physiology and disease statesTrends Endocrinol. Metab.11(8)304-308(2000) 2.Miwa, H., Gantz, I., Konda, Y., et al.Structural determinants of the melanocortin peptides required for activation of melanocortin-3 and melanocortin-4 receptorsJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.273(1)367-372(1995) 3.Cutuli, M., Cristiani, S., Lipton, J.M., et al.Antimicrobial effects of a-MSH peptidesJ. Leukoc. Biol.67(2)233-239(2000) 4.Lipton, J.M., Ceriani, G., Macaluso, A., et al.Antiiinflammatory effect of the neuropeptide a-MSH in acute, chronic, and systemic inflammationAnn. N.Y. Acad. Sci.25(741)137-148(1994)

[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH is a selective melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor agonist (IC50 values are 6.7, 340 and 600 nM for human MC3, MC5 and MC4 receptors respectively). [D-Trp8]-γ-MSH displays anti-inflammatory efficacy.

a-MSH, amide is a peptide with the sequence Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Met-Glu-His-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2, MW= 1664.9. The melanocyte-stimulating hormones (collectively referred to as MSH or intermedins) are a class of peptide hormones that are produced by c

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human TFA, is a 22-residue peptide that functions as an endogenous agonist for the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) [1].

Lys-γ3-MSH(human) TFA, a melanocortin peptide originating from the C-terminal fragment of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), enhances the steroidogenic response of rat adrenal glands to adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH). It is a potent stimulator of lipolysis, demonstrating an apparent EC50 of 3.56 nM, by activating hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and Perilipin A, leading to lipolysis [1] [2].

[D-Trp8]-γ-MSH TFA is a potent, selective agonist for the melanocortin 3 (MC3) receptor, demonstrating IC50 values of 6.7 nM for hMC3, 600 nM for hMC4, and 340 nM for hMC5 in CHO cells, respectively. It shows potential in providing protection against various inflammatory disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis and colitis [1] [2].

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) derived peptide that stimulates lipolysis

(D-Phe7)-α-MSH is an α-MSH analogue [1] .

γ-1-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), amide, a peptide consisting of 11 amino acids, plays a critical role in regulating sodium (Na+) balance and blood pressure by activating melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3-R).

(Nle4)-α-MSH, a synthetic analogue of the melanocyte-stimulating hormone α-MSH, exhibits the capability to reversibly darken frog skin. Additionally, it demonstrates sustained activity following exposure to heat and alkali treatment [1].

Ac-[Nle4,D-Phe7]-α-MSH (4-10)-NH2, a melanotropin derivative and melanocyte-stimulating hormone, activates tyrosinase and demonstrates a thermoregulatory effect in rat models [1] [2].

Melanocortin (MC) 3-MSH (Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) is believed to signal through the MC 3 receptor. It induces a sustained increase in intracellular free calcium levels ([Ca2+]i) in a subpopulation of pituitary cells. Most of the cells responding to

β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human (Synonyms: Beta-MSH (1-22) (human)) β-Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH), human, a 22-residue peptide, acts as an endogenous melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) agonist.

γ1-MSH TFA, a melanocortin MC3 receptor agonist, demonstrates a binding affinity (K i) of 34 nM for the rat MC3 receptor. Notably, it exhibits approximately 40-fold greater selectivity for the MC3 receptor compared to the MC4 receptor, with a K i of 1318 nM for MC4 [1].

Melanotan I is a non-specific melanocortin receptor (MCR) agonist, an α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) analog, which is injected subcutaneously to increase the amount of melanin in the skin Melanotan I is used as an adjunct to tanning Melanotan I has been used for the prevention of sunlight-induced skin cancers Melanotan I has been used in the study of melanoma and for male erectile dysfunction Melanotan I may be used to prevent sun-induced skin cancer and may be used to study melanoma and male erectile dysfunction.

HS024 is a highly potent melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (Ki values are 0.29, 18.6, 5.45 and 3.29 nM for cloned human MC4, MC1, MC3 and MC5 receptors respectively). Increases food intake, and blocks α-MSH- and MTII-induced hypotension and bradycardia in rats, following central administration in vivo.

Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt (158563-45-2 free base) (Melanostatine-5 acetate salt) , a peptide hormone, is a potent α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) antagonist, with an IC50 of 11 nM. Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt (158563-45-2 free base) , a peptide hormone, is a potent α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) antagonist, with an IC50 of 11 nM.

Neuropeptide EI, rat acetate Displays functional MCH-antagonist and MSH-agonist activity in different behavioral paradigms.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-10), human acetate is a fragment of adrenocorticotropin hormone. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-10), human acetate possesses a weak α-MSH potency only at 100 and 1000 nM.

ACTH 4-11 acetate is an adrenocorticotropin hormone fragment and possesses the same amino acid sequence as α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) does. ACTH 4-11 acetate exhibits a weak MSH potency only at high doses (100 and 1000 nM).

Displays functional MCH-antagonist and MSH-agonist activity in different behavioral paradigms.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) (1-10), human is a fragment of the adrenocorticotropin hormone. It exhibits a weak potency of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), but only at high doses (100 and 1000 nM).

β-Endorphin (β-EP) is an endogenous opioid neuropeptide with diverse biological activities. It is produced via piomelanocortin cleavage in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and in lymphocytes, then migrates to its sites of action which include plasma, gut, skin, placenta, cerebrospinal fluid, and cardiac tissues. β-EP induces concentration-dependent decreases in electrically stimulated contraction of the mouse vas deferens that can be reversed by the μ-opioid antagonist CTP and δ-opioid antagonist ICI 174,864. In vivo, β-EP (5 μg, i.c.v.) slows gastrointestinal transit in mice. β-EP (0.5 or 5 μg, i.c.v.) stimulates food intake in rats for 4 to 6 hours, however, this effect is not prolonged with continuous infusion. It antagonizes the appetite-suppressive effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) for the first three days post administration. β-EP also reduces paralytic demyelination induced by the murine coronavirus MHV-JHM in immunocompetent, but not irradiated or immune-incompetent, mice and rats.

Bremelanotide is a synthetic peptide analog of alpha-MSH and is an agonist at melanocortin receptors including the MC3R and MC4R.

Potent and selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist (IC50 values are 0.5 and 44.9 nM at MC4 and MC3 respectively) that antagonizes the effects of α-MSH. Suppresses thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) release, attenuates food intake and reduces forma

Acetyl-ACTH (4-24) (human, bovine, rat), a proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide fragment, functions as an agonist at the MC-1 receptor [1]. This compound encompasses a sequence present in adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), which serves as the precursor for α-MSH, illustrating its significant role in the POMC peptide family.

JKC363 TFA is a selective melanocortin MC4 receptor antagonist that exhibits a 90-fold higher affinity for the MC4 receptor (IC50=0.5 nM) compared to the MC3 receptor (44.9 nM). This compound effectively inhibits the α-MSH-induced stimulation of TRH release. It also demonstrates an anti-hyperalgesic effect [1] [2].

Tetrapeptide, an α-MSH analogue, stimulates melanin production and mitigates DNA damage by attenuating reactive oxidative species generation and augmenting DNA photoproduct repair [1].

CCZ01048 TFA, an α-MSH analogue, demonstrates a strong binding affinity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), displaying a K i value of 0.31 nM. It exhibits rapid internalization into B16F10 melanoma cells and maintains high in vivo stability. CCZ01048 TFA holds potential as an effective agent for PET imaging of malignant melanoma [1].

Melanotan (MT)-II, a synthetic melanocortin receptor agonist, is a synthetic analogue of the peptide hormone α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH).

Afamelanotide acetate is a synthetic α-melanocyte stimulating hormone analogue and first-in-class melanocortin-1 receptor agonist, used to for Erythropoietic Protoporphyria.

Nonapeptide-1 (Melanostatine-5) acetate salt, a peptide hormone, functions as a selective and competitive antagonist of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) with a binding affinity (K i) of 40 nM. It effectively inhibits α-MSH-induced increases in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) and melanosome dispersion in melanocytes, showcasing inhibitory concentrations (IC 50) of 2.5 nM and 11 nM, respectively. By inhibiting melanin synthesis, Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt finds application in research related to skin pigmentation, adrenal gland steroid production regulation, and skin cancer [1] [2] [3].

CCZ01048, an analogue of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), demonstrates a high binding affinity for the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R), with a Ki of 0.31 nM. It rapidly internalizes into B16F10 melanoma cells and exhibits notable in vivo stability, making it a promising candidate for PET imaging of malignant melanoma [1].

Acetyl-ACTH (3-24) (human, bovine, rat) is a segment derived from the proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide, functioning as an agonist at the MC-1 receptor [1]. This compound encompasses adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), a precursor to α-MSH, illustrating its role within the spectrum of POMC peptides.

(p-Iodo-Phe7)-ACTH (4-10), a derivative of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) produced by the anterior pituitary gland, functions as a melanocortin (MC) receptor antagonist. It effectively inhibits α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced excessive grooming behavior in rats [1].

Acetyl-ACTH (2-24) (human, bovine, rat), a proopiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide fragment, includes adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) precursor of α-MSH and acts as an agonist at the MC-1 receptor [1].

Bremelanotide Acetate (PT-141 Acetate) is an agonist of melanocortin receptor (MCR) .