carcinogenic

Erastin is an ferroptosis activator that acts on the mitochondrial VDAC in a ROS- and iron-dependent manner. Erastin has anti-tumor activity and acts selectively on tumor cells with RAS-carcinogenic mutations. The product is unstable in solution and is recommended to be dispensed now.

Aristolochic acid B (Aristolochic Acid II) is one of the major components of the carcinogenic plant extract aristolochic acid, is known to be mutagenic and to form DNA adducts in vitro and in vivo, Aristolochic acid B shows more carcinogenic risk than aristolochic acid I, and this may be, at least partly, the result of its increased levels in kidney and plasma.

Propoxur (Propoxure) is an insecticide used to control cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes, and lawn and turf insects. Acute (short-term) exposure of humans to propoxur by ingestion leads to cholinesterase inhibition of red blood cells, with mild cholinergic symptoms including blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and tachycardia; however, the effects are transient. Chronic (long-term) inhalation exposure has resulted in depressed cholinesterase levels, headaches, vomiting, and nausea in humans. Chronic ingestion studies in animals have reported depressed cholinesterase levels, depressed body weight, effects to the liver and bladder, and a slight increase in neuropathy. No information is available on the reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of propoxur in humans. Mixed results are available from cancer studies of propoxur in animals. EPA has not classified propoxur for carcinogenicity.

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea is a nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic and mutagenic properties. It targets a variety of animal organs, causes various cancers and degenerative diseases, and can be used in diazomethane synthesis.

Indecainide (Ricainid) is a novel antiarrhythmic compound that is carcinogenic and can be used to study chronic stable ventricular arrhythmias secondary to coronary artery disease or cardiomyopathy.

Benzidine orange (DCC-1802) shows mutagenic and carcinogenic activity.

7-Methyladenine (NSC-7857) can be used as a marker of exposure to exogenous and carcinogenic methylating agents.

Cytembena is a cytostatic and a carcinogenic compound that may increase the incidence of fibroadenomas.Cytembena broadly inhibits DNA biosynthesis.

MTOB (α-keto-γ-Methylthiobutyric acid) is a substrate for c-terminal binding protein (CtBP) that interferes with the carcinogenic activity of CtBP in cell culture and mice. It also actively regulates TCF-4 signaling, leading to cancer stem cell (CSC) growth and self-renewal.

Pirinixic Acid (NSC 310038) is a synthetic thiacetic acid derivative used in biomedical research, carcinogenic Pirinixic acid is a peroxisome proliferator that activates specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR).

Daidzin (Daidzoside) is an isoflavone isolated from soya bean with anti-oxidant, anti-carcinogenic, and anti-atherosclerotic activities.

Hesperidin (Cirantin) is a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, and antihypertensive and lipid-lowering activity.

Aflatoxin G1 (AFG1 ), a member of the AF family with cytotoxic and carcinogenic properties, could cause DNA damage in alveolar type II (AT-II) cells and induce lung adenocarcinoma.

3-Epicabraleahydroxylactone has anti-tumor promoting effect, it has anti-carcinogenic activity by the inhibitory effect on the induction of Epstein-Barr virus early antigen(EBV-EA) by the tumor promoter.

2,5-Dimethyl-3(2H)-furanone (2,5-Dimethyl-2,3-dihydrofuran-3-one) is a non-genotoxic flavoring substance [1].

Almurtide (nor-MDP), a derivative of muramyl dipeptide, exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. It demonstrates protective effects in mice against infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa when administered intraperitoneally and Candida albicans when administered intravenously. Furthermore, Almurtide has been shown to inhibit the carcinogenic Friend leukemia virus [1] [2] [3].

Glyurallin A possesses an antigenotoxic effect against carcinogenic N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) for the first time, it is important to prevent DNA damage by N-nitrosamines for cancer chemoprevention.

Ptaquiloside shows genotoxicity, it also has carcinogenic effects. Ptaquiloside has immunosuppressive effects, it reduces NK cell activities by enhancing metallothionein expression, which is prevented by selenium.

Macrozamin has carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic and neurotoxic properties.Macrozamin is a natural product isolated from Cycads.

Achillin is a compound isolated from herbs. It may have anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activities.

Ethylmalonic acid is potentially toxic, non-carcinogenic, and has been associated with anorexia nervosa and methoxy decarboxylase deficiency.

Phorbol 12-tiglate, a derivative of Phorbol, which in turn is a hydrolyzed product of Croton oil, plays a role in tumor promotion through activation of protein kinase C. This compound and its related derivatives are employed in the construction of carcinogenic models for biomedical research [1].

Dimethyl phthalate (Fermine) has many uses, including in solid rocket propellants, plastics, and insect repellants. Acute (short-term) exposure to dimethyl phthalate, via inhalation in humans and animals, results in irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of dimethyl phthalate in humans. Animal studies have reported slight effects on growth and on the kidney from chronic oral exposure to the chemical. EPA has classified dimethyl phthalate as a Group D, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity.

Aramite is an insecticide that may have carcinogenic effects on mammals.

Cyclochlorotine is a mycotoxin produced by Penicillium insularum, which can cause liver injury and has carcinogenic properties.

1-Hydroxyanthraquinone is an anthraquinone that has been found in Morinda officinalis and has genotoxic and carcinogenic activities. 1-Hydroxyanthraquinone generates strong DNA repair response.

1. Methyl eugenol (4-allylveratrole) is a natural constituent of the essential oils of a number of plants widely used in foodstuffs as flavouring agents, in view of the carcinogenic potential of ME, the need to check its presence in food products with effective analytical methods. 2. Methyleugenol has insecticidal properties. 3. Methyleugenol can inhibit the production of nitric oxide and decreased the protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, it down-regulates the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the ischemic brain as well as in immunostimulated mixed glial cells; indicates that methyleugenol could be useful for the treatment of ischemia/inflammation-related diseases. 4. Methyleugenol has cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. 5. Intravenous (i.v.) treatment with methyleugenol (ME) in either anesthetized or conscious rats elicits hypotension, an effect that seems related to an active vascular relaxation rather than withdrawal of sympathetic tone. 6. Methyleugenol has antinociceptive effect on the second phase of formalin-induced pain, may be due to the inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor-mediated hyperalgesia via GABA(A) receptors. 7. Methyleugenol has elaxant and antispasmodic actions on guinea-pig isolated ileum.

Prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) is a primary enzymatic prostaglandin derived from PGH2 and is abundantly produced in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by the lipocalin-type PGD synthase, and peripherally by myeloid cells such as mast cells and basophils via a hematopoietic-type PGD synthase. PGD2 is chemically unstable and presents challenges for use and analysis due to its brief in vivo half-life. Δ12-PGD2, an initial decomposition product of PGD2, acts as an intermediate in the pathway to Δ12-PGJ2, a cyclopentenone prostaglandin known for its antimitotic and carcinogenic properties. The metabolism of Δ12-PGD2 involves the addition of thiol nucleophiles, a common pathway for many cyclopentenone prostaglandins.

2-Amino-5-phenylpyridine is a heterocyclic aromatic amine that is formed by pyrolysis of phenylalanine in proteins. It is in broiled sardines and is considered as potentially carcinogenic.

LL-K8-22 is a potent, selective, and durable dual degrader of CDK8-cyclin C, demonstrating DC50 values of 2.52 and 2.64 μM, respectively. This compound effectively suppresses STAT1 Ser 727 phosphorylation and inhibits carcinogenic transcriptional programs driven by E2F and MYC. LL-K8-22 is specifically utilized in research for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) [1].

Acrylamide-2,3,3-d3 is a deuterated compound of Acrylamide. Acrylamide has a CAS number of 79-06-1. Acrylamide is a member of the class of acrylamides. It has a role as a carcinogenic agent, a neurotoxin, a mutagen, an alkylating agent and a Maillard reaction product

Auraptene is a coumarin derived from citrus plants that bears a geranyloxyl moiety at its C-7. It has anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-bacterial, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective activities. It inhibits leukocyte activation and induces phas

Aflatoxin (Aflatoxin R0) is a mutagenic and carcinogenic mycotoxin derived from aflatoxin B1 through metabolic processes facilitated by Rhizopus spp.

Saccharin, sodium salt hydrate is used in the food industry and for sweetening diabetes diet. It is also used as a synthetic sweet ignorance agent. Saccharin, sodium salt hydrate is the first generation′ synthetic sugar alternative that has been studied f

Musk tibetine reveals no genotoxicity in the micronucleus test with human lymphocytes and human hepatoma cell lines. Musk tibetene is a nitro musk compound with carcinogenic activity.

Aziridyl benzoquinone, an antineoplastic agent, has been studied as a mutagen and as a carcinogenic agent.

Cyclamic acid (NSC-220327) is an artificial sweetening agent, usually employed as Na or Ca salt (cyclamate). Use suspended in some countries, including USA, because of possible weak carcinogenic activity (disputed).

4beta-Hydroxywithanolide E(4bHWE) can inhibit the growth of colon cancer monolayer and spheroid cultures, it assert its anti-tumor activity in carcinogenic progression and develop into a dietary chemopreventive agent, it affects alternative splicing by mo

β-Boswellic acid (Beta-boswellic acid) and its derivatives (the major constituents of Boswellin) have anti-carcinogenic, anti-tumor, and anti-hyperlipidemic activities.

N-Bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine (DHPN) is a carcinogenic agent.

Dimetridazole is a nitroimidazole-based compound with antibacterial and anticoccidial activity. It was once widely used in the treatment of parasitic infections in poultry, cattle, swine and farmed fish until suspected to be carcinogenic and mutagenic to humans. Hydroxy dimetridazole is a metabolite of dimetridazole that may be useful for identifying this nitroimidazole in various agricultural samples through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and other methods.

Rutin (Rutoside) trihydrate, a natural flavonoid glycoside, exhibits multifaceted therapeutic properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-carcinogenic activities. Additionally, it has demonstrated cardioprotective and neuroprotective effects [1] [2] [3].

Bis(diazoacetyl)butane is a mutagen and traditionally related to radio-mimetic chemical mutagens due to the similarity of appearance of mutagenic action of this mutagen and physical mutagens. It also has anti-tumor and carcinogenic activity.

Lasiocarpine HCl is a hepatotoxic and carcinogenic food contaminant.

Ethyl-d5-malonic Acid is a deuterated compound of Ethyl-malonic Acid. Ethyl-malonic Acid has a CAS number of 601-75-2. Ethylmalonic acid can be found in blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and urine, as well as in human fibroblasts, prostate, and skeletal muscle tissues. Moreover, ethylmalonic acid is found to be associated with anorexia nervosa and malonyl-CoA decarboxylase deficiency. Ethylmalonic acid is a non-carcinogenic potentially toxic compound. Chronically high levels of ethylmalonic acid are associated with at least two inborn errors of metabolism, including short chain acyl CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (SCAD deficiency) and ethylmalonic encephalopathy.

Aristolochic acid A (TR 1736) is a compound of mutagenic, carcinogenic, and nephrotoxic compounds commonly found in the Birthwort (Aristolochiaceae) family of plants.

Acetylaminofluorene-dG is a carcinogenic adduct which covalently binds DNA bases and promotes mutagenesis near the adduct site.

(S)-Metolachor （(S)-Metolachlor） is a carcinogenic insecticide, a derivative of aniline, and is a frequent subject of research in agriculture and environmental protection.

8-Hydroxyguanine (8 Hydroxyguanine) is the major premutagenic damage produced by reactive oxygen species. It causes G-T and A-C substitutions.8-Hydroxyguanine is a biomarker for RNA oxidation and oxidative DNA damage.8-Hydroxyguanine is mutagenic and carcinogenic and is commonly used in cancer experiments.8-Hydroxyguanine is a biomarker for RNA oxidation and oxidative DNA damage.

5-Methylchrysene, a carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon with four fused rings, functions as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist. It is generated through the incomplete combustion of organic matter and primarily detected in gasoline exhaust and tobacco smoke. Additionally, 5-Methylchrysene can be converted into mutagenic metabolites by cytochrome P450 enzymes 1A1 and 1B1.