hsv-1

HSV-1/HSV-2-IN-2 is a compound that acts as an inhibitor of HSV-1, HSV-2, and VV, demonstrating antiviral activity with EC50 values of 6.8, 8.9, and 8.9 μM, respectively [1].

HSV-1/HSV-2-IN-1 is an HSV-1 and HSV-2 inhibitor that acts against HSV-1 (KOS) (EC50: 7.6 μM), HSV-2 (G) (EC50: 7.6 μM), HSV-1 TK-KOS ACVr (EC50: 4 μM) and cowpox virus (EC50: 12 μM).

1. Octyl Gallate is an antioxidant approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a food additive. 2. Octyl Gallate has antimetastatic activity. 3. Octyl Gallate shows antimicrobial activity against H. pylori, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 125 ug/mL. 4. Combination therapy with octyl gallate and ferulic acid improves cognition and neurodegeneration in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.5. Octyl Gallate is a potential anticancer agent, it exhibited decreased MCF-7 & MDA-MB-231 survival and induced apoptosis, with IC50 value of 40 uM. 6. Octyl gallate (Octyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate) has antiviral activity, it shows an inhibitory effect on the growth of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in HEp-2 or Vero cells. 7. Octyl gallate shows antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC7754 and Zygosaccharomyces bailii ATCC 60483.

Acyclovir (Aciclovir) is a synthetic analog of the purine nucleoside, guanosine, with potent antiviral activity against herpes simplex viruses type 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus and other viruses of the herpesvirus family.

1. Oxyresveratro can inhibit tyrosinase activity. 2. Oxyresveratro is useful to trauma models, as toxicity to glia could be beneficial by inhibiting reactive gliosis. 3. Oxyresveratrol (trans-Oxyresveratrol) has antioxidant activity, can reduce neuronal oxidative damage and protect hepatocytes against oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, which may be associated with activation of Nrf2.

Oxytetracycline (OTC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that acts by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria. Oxytetracycline prevents the binding from aminoacil-tRNA to the complex m-ribosomal RNA. Oxytetracycline also possesses anti-HSV-1 activity[1][2][3

1,4-Dihydroxynaphthalene A potent HSV-1 protease inhibitor with inhibitory effects on the HCMV protease, which can be used to study herpesviruses.

B220, an antiviral agent, inhibits the growth of HSV-1, HSV-2, and human cytomegalovirus (CMV).

Theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (8-Gingerol) , a major polyphenol found in black tea, is an inducer of oxidative stress which has anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive actions, it reduces tumor angiogenesis by downregulating HIF-1αand VEGF.

Vidarabine (Adenine Arabinoside) is a nucleoside antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces antibioticus. It has some antineoplastic properties and has broad spectrum activity against DNA viruses in cell cultures and significant antiviral activity against infections caused by a variety of viruses such as the herpes viruses, the VACCINIA VIRUS and varicella zoster virus.

Benzoylmesaconine (Mesaconine 14-benzoate) is the most abundant component of Wutou decoction, which is widely used in China because of its therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis. Benzoylmesconine has analgesic activity. Benzoylmesconine may improve the resistance of T6S-mice (or thermally injured mice) to the infection of HSV-1, through the induction of antagonistic CD4+ T cells against burn-associated type-2 T cells.

Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate (5'-AMP) , also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide that is used as a monomer in RNA. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the nucleoside adenosine. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate monohydrate consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. As a substituent it takes the form of the prefix adenylyl-.

Salubrinal, a phosphatases (PP1) inhibitor(IC50=1.7 μM), exhibits function on the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit (eIF2α).

1. Betulonic acid (Liquidambaric acid) amide stimulated the regenerative response in hepatocytes under conditions of combined toxic exposure and promoted recovery of their qualitative and quantitative characteristics, which was accompanied by a significant decrease in the severity of liver fibrosis and the absence of cirrhotic transformation of the liver. 2. Betulonic acid derivatives have a promising cytostatic activity in vitro and could be used as potential leads for the development of new type of anti-cancer agents. 3. Betulonic acid has antiholestatic effects in mice.

Oxytetracycline (Terramycin) is a TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES rimosus and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.

BVDU 5′-Triphosphate is an antiviral agent labeled with 5′-Triphosphate that specifically targets viral DNA polymerase. It exhibits outstanding selectivity for varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) owing to its phosphorylation by the virus-specific thymidine kinase.

16,16-dimethyl Prostaglandin A1 is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T36040 and the CAS number is 41692-24-4.

Bovine Myeloid Antimicrobial Peptide (BMAP) 28, a synthetic peptide derived from bovine cathelicidin-5 (amino acids 132-158), exhibits antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, MRSA, S. epidermidis, and the fungus C. albicans, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2, 2, 4, 1, and 8 µM respectively. At a concentration of 200 nM, BMAP 28 permeabilizes the inner membrane of E. coli, and at 5 µM, it inhibits herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) replication in Vero 76 cells. Furthermore, at 30 µM, it causes hemolysis in human erythrocytes and cytotoxicity in human neutrophils. In vivo, a dose of 0.8 mg/kg enhances survival in mice infected with E. coli or MRSA, but not P. aeruginosa.

FIT-039 is a selective and ATP-competitive, orally active inhibitor of CDK9( IC50 : 5.8 μM;CDK9/cyclin T1). FIT-039 inhibits replication of HSV-1 (IC50 of 0.69 μM), HSV-2, human adenovirus, and human CMV. FIT-039 is a promising antiviral agent for inhibiting drug-resistant HSVs and other DNA viruses.

Retrocyclin-3 is an antimicrobial peptide that exhibits activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza A, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) [1].

Mulberrofuran C shows protective effects on t-BHP-induced oxidative stress with the EC50 value of 0.41 ± 0.48 uM ; it also shows protective effects on glutamate-induced cell death with the EC50 value of 16.50 ± 7.82 uM. Mulberrofuran C has antiviral effects against herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2).

Moronic acid shows oral therapeutic efficacy in HSV-infected mice and possessed novel anti-HSV activity. It also shows significant anti-HIV activity (EC(50) 186) and was modified to develop more potent anti-AIDS agents. Moronic acid is a new structural lead for anti-EBV drug development, can substantially reduce the numbers of EBV particles produced by the cells after lytic induction. Morolic and moronic acids have shown sustained antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic action possibly mediated by an insulin sensitization with consequent changes of glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides, in part mediated by inhibition of 11β-HSD 1 as indicated by in vitro.

Glyceryl monocaprate (2,3-Dihydroxypropyl decanoate) has inhibitory effect on Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). It also offers an effective treatment for herpes labialiss. Glyceryl monocaprate is a capric acid against 1-monoglyceride gram-positive bacterial infections.

Manzamine A hydrochloride is an orally active beta-carboline alkaloid that exhibits specific inhibitory effects on GSK-3β (IC50 = 10.2 μM) and CDK-5 (IC50 = 1.5 μM). Additionally, it targets vacuolar ATPases, leading to the inhibition of autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells. Manzamine A hydrochloride possesses antimalarial and anticancer properties, and also demonstrates potent activity against HSV-1[4].

XQ2B is a cGAS inhibitor that impedes protein-DNA interactions and phase separation. It suppresses antiviral immune responses induced by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and augments HSV-1 infection in both in vitro and in vivo settings [1].

Retrocyclin-2 is an antimicrobial peptide effective against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), influenza A, and herpes simplex virus (HSV) [1].

Cidofovir diphosphate triethylamine, an active intracellular metabolite of Cidofovir, acts as a selective inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It exhibits inhibitory constants (K_i) of 6.6 μM for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) DNA polymerase, 0.86 μM for herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) DNA polymerase, and 1.4 μM for herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) DNA polymerase, demonstrating its efficacy against these viral enzymes [1] [2].

FSL-1 TFA, a toll-like receptor 2/6 (TLR2/6) agonist derived from bacteria, bolsters resistance against experimental HSV-2 infection[1] and stimulates MMP-9 production via the TLR2 and NF-κB/AP-1 signaling pathways in monocytic THP-1 cells[2].

GLR-19 is an anti-HIV peptide with demonstrated antiviral activity against HSV-2 [1] [2].

Trigonelline chloride (Coffearine Hydrochloride), an alkaloid with potential antidiabetic activity, is present in considerable amounts in coffee.

Perillic acid, a metabolite of Perillyl alcohol, exhibits properties that induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in lung cancer cells. Additionally, this compound demonstrates anti-HSV-1 (anti-Herpes Simplex Virus type 1) and immunomodulatory activities [1] [2] [3].

Astodrimer (SPL7013 free base), a large (3-4 nm, ~16.5 kDa) and negatively charged dendrimer, possesses potent virucidal capabilities. Exhibiting antiviral and virucidal activities, it effectively targets a wide array of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, HIV-1, HSV-1, HSV-2, and HPV. Additionally, Astodrimer demonstrates antibacterial properties [1] [2] [3].

Pritelivir mesylate is active against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (IC50: 0.02 μM against HSV1-2). Pritelivir mesylate is an inhibitor of the viral helicase-primase complex. Pritelivir mesylate shows antiviral activity in vitro and in animal models

Oxytetracycline Hydrochloride (Dalimycin) is a tetracycline derivative produced by Streptomyces rimosus with antimicrobial activity. It interferes with the binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to the mRNA-ribosome complex, resulting in preventing peptide elongation and inhibiting protein synthesis.

FITC-εAhx-HHV-2 Envelope Glycoprotein G (561-578) is a fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled segment of the HHV-2 Envelope Glycoprotein G encompassing amino acids 561 to 578. This region is an immunodominant part of glycoprotein G (gG-2) and exhibits reactivity with all herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) sera [1].

d2T, a nucleoside analog of thymidine, exhibits antiviral activity by inhibiting HIV replication in infected human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs; EC50 = 0.17 µM). Additionally, 3′-deoxy Thymidine at concentrations of 1, 3, 10, or 30 µM significantly decreases viral plaque formation in CV-1 cells infected with herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1).

Acyclovir monophosphate is a potent anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) agen which also has antitumor activity. Acyclovir monophosphate blocks synthesis of DNA by inhibiting the viral DNA polymerase and terminates the chain elongation of the viral DNA [1] [2].

Pritelivir (BAY 57-1293) (BAY 57-1293) is a potent helicase-primase inhibitor with active against HSV-1 and HSV-2 (IC50: 20 nM).

The diazomethyl ketone Z-LVG-CHN2 mimics part of the human cysteine proteinase-binding center, has been shown to be an irreversible inhibitor of this proteinase. The compound was also tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV) and found to block the HSV replication. Irreversible inhibitor of streptopain.

1-Docosanol (Behenic alcohol) is a saturated 22-carbon aliphatic alcohol with antiviral activity. 1-Docosanol has a distinct mechanism of action and inhibits fusion between the plasma membrane and the herpes simplex virus envelope, thereby preventing viral entry into cells and subsequent viral activity and replication. 1-Docosanol is used topically in the treatment of recurrent herpes simplex labialis episodes and relieves associated pain and may help heal sores faster.

FR-48217 is an immunoactive peptide that inhibits multiplication of HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Valacyclovir (Valaciclovir) is an orally active antiviral drug for herpes simplex, herpes zoster, and herpes B. Valacyclovir inhibits HSV-1 W with an IC50 of 2.9 μg/ml. Valacyclovir is a prodrug of Aciclovir [1] [2] [3] [4] [5].

Magainin 2, a cationic peptide derived from the African clawed frog (X. laevis) skin, exhibits host defense and antimicrobial properties. This compound effectively inhibits a range of pathogens, including E. coli, K. pneumoniae, S. epidermidis, S. aureus bacteria, and C. albicans fungus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 5, 10, 10, 50, and 80 µg/ml, respectively. Additionally, at a concentration of 20 µM, Magainin 2 significantly reduces the germination and tube elongation in kiwi fruit pollen. It also curtails viral replication in Vero cells infected by herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) or HSV-2, with half-maximal effective concentrations (EC50s) of 22.16 and 19.8 µM, respectively, while demonstrating low toxicity to these cells, shown by a 50% cytotoxic concentration (CC50) greater than 100 µM.

Oxytetracycline Dihydrate (Terramycin Dihydrate) is a prescription antibiotic, interfering with the ability of bacteria to produce essential proteins.

BRL44385 is an effective and selective inhibitor of the replication of HSV-1 and HSV2, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), and varicella-zoster virus (VZV).

Corilagin has anti-inflammatory activity. Corilagin has a significant antitumour potential and lower toxicity in normal cells in vitro.Corilagin can enhance the cytotoxicity of both cisplatin and doxorubicin on the Hep3B hepatoma cells.Corilagin has antiviral activity, reduces the cytotoxicity induced by EV71 or CA16 on Vero cells with and IC50 value of 5.6 and 32.33 μg/mL, respectively. Corilagin shows the potential to protect against HSV-1-induced encephalitis, and the beneficial effects may be mediated by inhibiting TLR2 signaling pathways.Corilagin has antifibrotics property and is potentiated in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF), attenuates bleomycin-induced epithelial injury and fibrosis via inactivation of oxidative stress, proinflammatory cytokine release and NF-κB and TGF-β1 signaling. Solvent:Pyridine, Methanol, Ethanol, etc.

S-Acetyl-L-glutathione is a derivative of glutathione .1 It increases intracellular GSH levels in primary fibroblasts derived from patients with glutathione synthetase deficiency when used at a concentration of 50 μM. S-Acetyl-L-glutathione (5 mM) induces apoptosis in Daudi, Raji, and Jurkat lymphoma cells.2 It inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) in human foreskin fibroblasts when used at concentrations of 5 and 10 mM.3 S-Acetyl-L-glutathione (6.25 μg/g per day) increases survival in a mouse model of HSV-1 infection.

Helioxanthin 8-1, an analogue of helioxanthin, exhibits significant in vitro anti-HBV/HCV/HSV-1/HIV activity with EC50 of >5/10/1.4/15 μM.

Ganciclovir (BW 759) hydrate is a nucleoside analogue that is an orally active antiviral agent with anti-cytomegalovirus activity. Ganciclovir hydrate is also active against members of the herpes group and some other DNA viruses in vitro. Ganciclovir hydrate inhibits the replication of human herpes viruses (HSV 1 and 2, CMV) and adenovirus serotypes 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 19, 22 and 28 in vitro. Ganciclovir hydrate also has an IC 50 of 5.2 μM against feline herpesvirus type-1 ( FHV-1 ) and can diffuse into the brain [1] [2] [3].

Olomoucine II is an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs; IC50s = 7.6, 0.1, 19.8, 0.45, and 0.06 μM for Cdk1, -2, -4, -7, and -9, respectively).1It is selective for CDKs over 10 additional kinases (IC50s = >100 μM for all) but does inhibit ERK2 (IC50= 32 μM) and the ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 (ABCB1; IC50= 6.4 μM).1,2Olomoucine II inhibits proliferation of a variety of cancer cells, including those expressing wild-type p53 or mutant p53 (mean IC50s = 7.4 and 10.1 μM, respectively), and it acts synergistically with daunorubicin to inhibit proliferation of HCT-8 cells that endogenously express ABCB1. Olomoucine also inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), HSV-2, vaccinia virus, human adenovirus type 4 (Ad4), and human CMV (IC50s = 5, 4.7, 3.8, 2.4, and 3.2 μM, respectively) but not measles virus or influenza virus (IC50s = >20 μM for both).3

Acyclovir sodium is an antimetabolite. Acyclovir sodium inhibits HSV-specified DNA polymerases and prevents further viral DNA synthesis.