phenylalanine

L-Phenylalanine (3-Phenyl-L-alanine) is an essential amino acid and the precursor of the amino acid tyrosine, acts as an antagonist at α2δ calcium channels.

D-Phenylalanine, a necessary aromatic amino acid, is a precursor of thyroxine, dopamine, melanin, and noradrenaline (norepinephrine).

Phenylalanine betaine is a Standard reference.

DL-Phenylalanine is a natural product

Leucyl-phenylalanine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as dipeptides.

N-Acetyl-L-phenylalanine (N-Ac-Phenylalanine) is an essential amino acid produced for medical, feed, and nutritional applications. It appears in large amount in urine of patients with phenylketonuria which is a human genetic disorder due to the lack of phenylalanine hydroxylase, the enzyme necessary to metabolize phenylalanine to tyrosine. Acetylphenylalanine is a product of enzyme phenylalanine N-acetyltransferase in the pathway phenylalanine metabolism.

N-Lactoyl-Phenylalanine (Lac-Phe) is a peptide coupling of lactic acid and phenylalanine, one of the metabolites in acute exercise, which can be used in the study of obesity and metabolism-related diseases.

AC-PHE-OME (Methyl N-acetyl-L-phenylalaninate) is a marine derived natural products found in Family Jaspidae.

Benzoylphenylalanine (LBPA) can be used as a photoaffinity peptide inactivator.

Alanylphenylalanine (Ala-phe) is a compound isolated from the brainstem of calves.

DL-Dopa is a phenylalanine beta-hydroxylated derivative.

γ-Glu-Phe TFA(7432-24-8 free base) is a dipeptide composed of gamma-glutamate and phenylalanine and is a proteolytic breakdown product of larger proteins. It is probably formed by transpeptidation between glutathione and the corresponding amino acid, catalyzed by gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.

2-Propen-1-one, 1-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- can be used in studies about the inhibition against L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase.

Anemarrhenasaponin Ia ((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-{[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-{[(1R,3R,4R,7S,9S,12S,13S,16S,18R)-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-7,9,13-trimethyl-6-(3-methylbutyl)-5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,?.0?,?.013,1?]icosan-16-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan), an useful anti-inflammation reagent, is isolated from Anemarrhenae rhizome. Anemarrhenasaponin Ia inhibits the generation of N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-induced superoxide.

3'-O-Methylmurraol may have potential anti-inflammatory activity, it exhibits inhibition (IC50 ≤ 7.31 ug/mL) of superoxide anion generation by human neutrophils in response to formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).

Aureusimine B, also known as phevalin, is a natural pyrazinone produced by certain fungi and by Staphylococcus spp., including S. aureus. Its synthesis appears to be initiated by a conserved nonribosomal peptide synthetase that creates a dipeptide (phenylalanine-valine) aldehyde, which then undergoes cyclization and oxidation. Aureusimine B inhibits calpain in a casein hydrolysis assay (IC50 = 1.3 μM), contributes to S. aureus infection in mice, and alters human keratinocyte gene expression.

Evofolin B is a natural compound isolated from the stem bark of Zanthoxylum ailanthoides. Evofolin B has an inhibitory effect on the superoxide anion produced by human neutrophils in response to formyl-L-methionine-L-leucine-L-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB).

Phenyl acetate (Acetic acid phenyl ester) is an aromatic fatty acid metabolite of phenylalanine with potential antineoplastic activity. Naturally occurring in mammals, phenylacetate induces differentiation, growth inhibition, and apoptosis in tumor cells.

Microcystin-LF, a phenylalanine variant of Microcystin-LR, is a bacterial metabolite that exhibits cellular toxicity in Caco-2 cells [1] [2].

H-Phe-Phe-OH is a dipeptide consisting of two phenylalanine (an essential amino acid and precursor to tyrosine) units linked together.

Taxacin shows strong inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (IC(50):21.9 microM). Taxacin can suppress the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and arachidonic acid (AA) in a conce

p-Cresyl Sulfate is a major uremic toxin found in the blood of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), derived from the metabolites of tyrosine and phenylalanine in the liver.

Taxagifine shows cytotoxic activity toward HepG2 cells; it can suppress the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and arachidonic acid (AA) in a concentration-dependent manner.

Phenylpyruvic acid (3-Phenylpyruvic acid) is a keto-acid that is an intermediate or catabolic byproduct of phenylalanine metabolism. It has a slight honey-like odor. Levels of phenylpyruvate are normally very low in blood or urine. High levels of phenylpyruvic acid can be found in the urine of individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU), an inborn error of metabolism.

Raddeanoside 20 can slightly suppress the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in a concentration dependent manner.

4-Chloro-α-cyanocinnamic acid (Cl-CCA), a phenylpropanoid derivative of cinnamic acid synthesized from phenylalanine by plants, exhibits a propensity for co-crystallization with a range of biomolecules, including peptides and nucleic acids.

DL-o-Tyrosine is a metabolite of Phenylalanine and is a precursor in the formation of catecholamines. It is used as biomarkers of protein oxidative damage in β-thalassemia.

L-Tyrosine ((S)-Tyrosine) is a naturally occurring tyrosine and is synthesized in vivo from L-phenylalanine, considered a non-essential amino acid. L-Tyrosine(L-p-Tyrosine) is the levorotatory isomer of the aromatic amino acid tyrosine.

Rennin (Chymosin) is a proteolytic enzyme related to pepsin, produced in the stomachs of certain animals, that effectively coagulates liquid milk into a semi-solid form, prolonging its retention in the stomach. It specifically targets K-casein, cleaving the peptide bond between the amino acid residues phenylalanine and methionine (105 and 106), and plays a crucial role in cheese production [1].

2-Amino-5-phenylpyridine is a heterocyclic aromatic amine that is formed by pyrolysis of phenylalanine in proteins. It is in broiled sardines and is considered as potentially carcinogenic.

Sapropterin dihydrochloride (6R-BH4 dihydrochloride) is phenylalanine hydroxylase agonist that is approved for the treatment of BH4 responsive PKU.

(S)-2-Hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoic acid (L-(−)-3-Phenyllactic acid) is a chiral aromatic compound involved in phenylalanine metabolism. It is likely produced from phenylpyruvate via the action of lactate dehydrogenase. The D-form of this organic acid is typically derived from bacterial sources while the L-form is almost certainly endogenous. Levels of phenyllactate are normally very low in blood or urine. High levels of PLA in the urine or blood are often indicative of phenylketonuria (PKU) and hyperphenylalaninemia (HPA). PKU is due to lack of the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) so that phenylalanine is converted not to tyrosine but to phenylpyruvic acid (a precursor of phenylacetate).