lymphocytes

Bz-RS-ISer(3-Ph)-Ome (Methyl (2R,3S)-3-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate) is a paclitaxel derivative that inhibits the HSV replication cycle at low cytotoxicity, blocks mitosis in Vero cells, affects the size of M-MSV-induced tumors, and influences the immune response by inhibiting PHA-induced proliferation of T lymphocytes.

Acetyl-L-carnitine hydrochloride (Acetyl L-carnitine hydrochloride) is a nutritional supplement composed of the hydrochloride salt form of the acetylated form of the endogenously produced L-carnitine, with potential neuroprotective, cognitive-enhancing, anti-depressive and immunomodulating activities. It may also relieve peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy, diabetes or other diseases. In addition, acetyl-L-carnitine may modulate the immune response by increasing T-lymphocytes maturation and may downregulate pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. It may also disrupt the ACE2 signaling pathway and inhibit the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Tacrolimus monohydrate (LCP-Tacro) is a macrolide from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis, binds to FK506 binding protein (FKBP) to form a complex. Tacrolimus inhibits calcineurin phosphatase, which inhibits T-lymphocyte signal transduction and IL-2 transcription. Immunosuppressive properties. It prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro and has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo.

1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene (Benzene-1,2,4-triol) is a by-product of coffee bean roasting and is found in mouse, arabica coffee.1,2,4-Trihydroxybenzene is a benzotriol that increases Ca2+ concentration in rat thymic lymphocytes.

Mitoxantrone dihydrochloride (NSC-301739) is the hydrochloride salt of an anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. It is a type II topoisomerase inhibitor.

Tacrolimus (Fujimycin) can bind FKBP12 to form a high-affinity complex (Ki: 0.2 nM) which inhibits the activity of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase.

Bimolane is a topoisomerase II inhibitor.

LCMV gp33-41 acetate is a sequence of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus which restricted by major histocompatibility complex class I H-2Db and presented to cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

H-Leu-Leu-OMe . HBr is a dipeptide condensation product of L-leucine methyl ester generated by human monocytes or polymorphonuclear leukocytes. H-Leu-Leu-OMe . HBr induces endolysosomal pathway stress and selectively eliminates lymphocytes with cytotoxic potential.

CEF8, Influenza Virus NP (383-391), is an influenza A virus nucleoprotein containing residues 383 to 391, and it is the most important HLA-B*2705-restricted epitope in the nucleoprotein of influenza A viruses, associated with escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes-mediated immunity. [HLA-B*3501 restricted influenza virus nucleoprotein epitope (383-391).]

G280-9 acetate is a common melanoma gp100 epitope restricted by MHC-associated HLA-A2. The G280-9 sequence is unique because it could be recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes at very low concentrations, however it shows low total immunogenicity that may b

Imupedone (LF 1695) is a synthetic immunomodulator that modulates T lymphocytes and macrophages, induces T-cell differentiation of bone marrow precursor cells, and increases the proliferative response of lymphocytes to mitogens, antigens, and allogeneic cells.CAS 번호13483-84-5

L 756423 (L756423) is a novel potent and selective and competitive HIV protease inhibitor with a Ki value of 0.049 nM for HIV-1 PR.L 756423 blocks the spread of HIV(IIIb)-infected MT25 lymphocytes at 0.50-0.1 nM and can be used for the study of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

Talviraline (Bay 10-8979) is an RNA-induced DNA polymerase inhibitor.Talviraline is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1-induced cell killing and HIV-1 replication in a variety of human cell lines, as well as in fresh human peripheral blood lymphocytes and macrophages.

L-Leucyl-L-Leucine methyl ester hydrochloride (Leu-Leu-ome hydrochloride) is a lysosomal condensation product that exhibits cytotoxicity towards natural killer cells and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes.

Rabacfosadine (GS-9219) is a novel dual pre-drug of the acyclic nucleotide phosphonate PMEG to tumor lymphocytes for the study of lymphoma.

MRE3008F20 is a species-selective and potent adenosine A3 receptor (AA3R) antagonist that inhibits Cl-IB-MECA-induced cAMP production and can be used in glaucoma and asthma studies.CAS 번호13483-88-88-9

Firategrast (SB 683699) is an orally active and specific α4β1 α4β7 integrin antagonist that reduces the transport of lymphocytes into the central nervous system (CNS) and decreases multiple sclerosis (MS) activity. It is used in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, associated with modest reductions in CD4, CD8, and CD19 lymphocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid.

Peficitinib (ASP015K) (ASP015K, JNJ-54781532) is an orally bioavailable JAK inhibitor. Phase 3.

Calyculin A ((-)-Calyculin A), a toxicant in the Japanese marine sponge CDiscodermia calyxC, is a selective and potent inhibitor of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), inducing hyperactivation of cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa and inhibiting radiation-induced gammaH2AX DNA repair disease in human lymphocytes. gammaH2AX DNA repair foci in human lymphocytes.

Mitoxantrone (mitozantrone) is an anthracenedione antibiotic with antineoplastic activity. Mitoxantrone intercalates into and crosslinks DNA, thereby disrupting DNA and RNA replication. This agent also binds to topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA strand breaks and inhibition of DNA repair. Mitoxantrone is less cardiotoxic compared to doxorubicin.

BAF312 (Siponimod (BAF-312)), a next-generation S1P receptor modulator, is specific for S1P1 and S1P5 receptors with EC50 of 0.39 nM and 0.98 nM, respectively. The specificity of BAF312 for S1P1 and S1P5 receptors exhibits >1000-fold over S1P2, S1P3 and S1P4 receptors.

SEW 2871 is an orally available, highly selective S1P1 agonist with an EC50 of 13.8 nM.It reduces the number of lymphocytes in the blood and is used in studies related to diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, liver fibrosis, and inflammation. It activates ERK, Akt and Rac signaling pathways and induces S1P1 internalization and recycling.

1. Kirenol (Kirel) has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, and anti-arthritic activities. 2. Kirenol is effective against gram-positive bacteria. 3. Kirenol possesses antitumor action on human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells in vitro. 4. Kirenol is capable of promoting osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells through activation of the BMP and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. 5. Kirenol treatment reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, increases anti-inflammatory cytokine production, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis of CII-specific lymphocytes in vitro.

Prednicarbate (Hoe 777) is a Corticosteroid Hormone Receptor Agonist. Prednicarbate has antipruritic, anti-inflammatory, and vasoconstrictive properties. It also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes by inhibiting the production of vasodilators such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin.

RS 25344 hydrochloride is a phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 inhibitor

HER2/neu (654-662) GP2 acetate is derived from the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2-Neu, 654–662). HER2/neu (654-662) GP2 acetate induces HLA-A2-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes reactive to various epithelial cancers.

SB297006 is an antagonist of C-C chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3; IC50 = 39 nM), which normally is activated by eotaxin, eotaxin-3, MCP-3, MCP-4, RANTES, and MIP-1δ. It is at least 250-fold selective for CCR3 over a panel of other chemokine receptors. SB 297006 blocks CCR3-mediated calcium mobilization induced by eotaxin, eotaxin-2, and MCP-4 in transfected cells. It suppresses antigen-induced accumulation of Th2 lymphocytes and eosinophils in lungs of mice when delivered subcutaneously (100 mg/kg).

CPYPP is an inhibitor of DOCK2-Rac1 interaction. CPYPP binds to DOCK2 DHR-2 domain and inhibits the guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) activity of DOCK2DHR-2 for Rac1 in a dose-dependent manner(IC50 : 22.8 µM). CPYPP also inhibits DOCK180, DOCK5 and

Triamcinolone (Aristocort) is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunomodulating properties. Upon cell entry, triamcinolone binds to and activates the glucocorticoid receptor, which leads to translocation of the ligand-receptor complex to the nucleus and induces expression of glucocorticoid-responsive genes such as lipocortins. Lipocortins inhibit phospholipase A2, thereby blocking the release of arachidonic acid from membrane phospholipids and preventing the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes, both mediators of inflammation. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, including interleukin (IL)-1and IL-6, and the activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes is also inhibited. T-cells are prevented from making IL-2 and proliferating. This agent also decreases the number of circulating lymphocytes, induces cell differentiation, and stimulates apoptosis through increasing Ikappa-B expression and curtailing activation of nuclear factor (NF)kappa-B.

Phellodendrine chloride has anti-nephritic activity, may be due to its ability to inhibit the proliferation or the migration of macrophages and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the glomeruli.

Ac-IETD-CHO is a potent, reversible inhibitor of granzyme B and caspase 8, which also impedes Fas-mediated apoptosis, hemorrhagic conditions, and liver failure. Furthermore, this compound hampers cell death induced by cytotoxic T lymphocytes [1] [2].

Pol (476-484), HIV-1 RT Epitope, is a biologically active peptide representing the dominant HLA A*0201-restricted epitope within HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). Spanning Pol residues 476-484, it is utilized to explore mechanisms of HIV-1 escape from cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) with IV9 as the specific epitope processed and presented in HIV-1-infected cell lines.

XP-524 is a potent inhibitor of BET and EP300. XP-524 has significant tumouricidal effects in vivo, preventing KRAS-induced tumour transformation in vivo and prolonging survival in two aggressive PDAC transgenic mouse models. XP-524 also enhances the expression of its own peptide and recruitment of tumour cells to cytotoxic T lymphocytes. XP-524 has shown potential for research in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Licoflavone C (4',5,7-Trihydroxy-8-prenylflavone) is an isoprenoid-based flavonoid compound isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza inflata, which possesses antioxidant and antifungal activities, and is known to have a protective effect against DAU or MMC-induced chromosome damage in cultured human peripheral lymphocytes. Licoflavone C can be used to study fungal infections.

FTY720 is a derivative of ISP-1 (myriocin), a fungal metabolite of the Chinese herb Iscaria sinclarii as well as a structural analog of sphingosine. It is a novel immune modulator that prolongs allograft transplant survival in numerous models by inhibiting lymphocyte emigration from lymphoid organs. FTY720 is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase, which then acts as a potent agonist at four of the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) receptors (S1P1, S1P3, S1P4, and S1P5). Down-regulation of S1P1 receptors on T and B lymphocytes by FTY720 results in defective egress of these cells from spleen, lymph nodes, and Peyer's patch. azido-FTY720 is a highly photoreactive analog of FTY720 that can be used to identify receptor binding sites for this ligand.

β-Endorphin (β-EP) is an endogenous opioid neuropeptide with diverse biological activities. It is produced via piomelanocortin cleavage in the pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and in lymphocytes, then migrates to its sites of action which include plasma, gut, skin, placenta, cerebrospinal fluid, and cardiac tissues. β-EP induces concentration-dependent decreases in electrically stimulated contraction of the mouse vas deferens that can be reversed by the μ-opioid antagonist CTP and δ-opioid antagonist ICI 174,864. In vivo, β-EP (5 μg, i.c.v.) slows gastrointestinal transit in mice. β-EP (0.5 or 5 μg, i.c.v.) stimulates food intake in rats for 4 to 6 hours, however, this effect is not prolonged with continuous infusion. It antagonizes the appetite-suppressive effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) for the first three days post administration. β-EP also reduces paralytic demyelination induced by the murine coronavirus MHV-JHM in immunocompetent, but not irradiated or immune-incompetent, mice and rats.

Diflorasone is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Like other glucocorticoids, diflorasone enters the cell by diffusion across the cell membrane and binds to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in the cytoplasm

Concanamycin B is a macrolide antibiotic that selectively inhibits vacuolar type H+-ATPases (IC50 = 5 nM), thereby blocking vacuolar organelle acidification and early to late endosomal transport. It interferes with bone resorption, maturation of CD8 T lymphocytes, and prevents processing of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II precursors in human B cells, inhibiting MHC class II molecule expression on the cell surface.

Interleukin-6 Fragment (human) is a pleiotropic cytokine originating from both lymphocytes and non-lymphocytes, encoded by a gene on human chromosome 7 spanning roughly 5 kilobases. This fragment shows promise for use in immune response regulation, acute phase reactions, inflammatory processes, oncology, and hematopoiesis [1].

The G280-9 peptide, a common melanoma gp100 epitope restricted by MHC-associated HLA-A2. The G280-9 sequence is unique because it could be recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes at very low concentrations, however it shows low total immunogenicity that may

1. Phellodendrine (Phallodendrin) has anti-nephritic activity, may be due to its ability to inhibit the proliferation or the migration of macrophages and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the glomeruli.

MAGE-3 (271-279) is a peptide consisting of 271-279 amino acid residues derived from melanoma antigens encoded by the MAGE-3 gene. It is specifically recognized by cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and binds to the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 molecule. MAGE-3 is highly expressed in various human tumor types, such as malignant melanoma, but not in normal tissues, except for the testis and placenta.

1,2,3-Trieicosapentaenoyl-rac-glycerol (EPA-TG) is a glycerol ester of eicosapentaenoic acid , which is an ω-3 fatty acid. An EPA-TG emulsion, administered i.v., lowers leukotriene B4 production by 40% in polymorphonuclear leukocytes from rabbits and reduces platelet aggregation. It suppresses natural killer cell activity both in vitro and in vivo, in human lymphocytes and murine spleens, respectively, with the in vivo effects lasting up to seven days.

DMI-9523 is nuclear factor NF-κB activation inhibitor. Antigen-stimulated human T lymphocytes produce significantly lower quantities of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha after stimulation in vitro in the presence of DA-DKP. DA-DKP can modul

AUNP-12 TFA (NP-12 TFA) is a polypeptide antagonist in the pd-1 signaling pathway, which has the same antagonistic effect on pd-l1 and pd-l2, and can protect the proliferation and effector function of lymphocytes.

Sertaconazole nitrate (FI-7045), a topical broad-spectrum antifungal, is developed to supply an additional agent for the treatment of superficial cutaneous and mucosal infections.

Kigamicins are natural antitumor antibiotics that selectively kill pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells only under nutrient-starved conditions. They also show antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Kigamicin C inhibits PANC-1 cell survival in nutrient-deprived media at a 100-fold lower concentration than that required for cells maintained in nutrient-rich media. A related compound, kigamicin D, is active in vivo, suppressing the tumor growth of several pancreatic cancer cell lines in nude mice. It blocks the activation of Akt induced in PANC-1 cells placed in nutrient-deprived media. Kigamicin can also induce necrosis in human myeloma cells, but not normal lymphocytes, maintained in nutrient-rich media (CC50 = 100 nM).

KV1.3-IN-1 (Compound trans-18) is a selective KV1.3 channel inhibitor with IC50 values of 230 nM in Ltk cells and 26.12 nM in PHA-activated T-lymphocytes, disrupting intracellular Ca2+ signaling and impeding T-cell activation, proliferation, and colony formation [1].

Interleukin II (60-70) is a peptide with the sequence NH2-LEU-THR-PHE-LYS-PHE-TYR-MET-PRO-LYS-LYS-ALA-COOH, MW=1373.7. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) is a type of cytokine signaling molecule in the immune system, regulating the activities of white blood cells.