wound healing

Blebbistatin ((±)-Blebbistatin) is a selective non-muscle myosin II (NMII) inhibitor. It promotes directional migration of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) and accelerates wound healing. Furthermore it preserves cell junctional integrity and barrier function.Blebbistatin is an inhibitor of MYH9.

Asiatic acid (Dammarolic acid) is the aglycone of asiaticoside used in wound healing with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties.

Aloe vera has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and wound healing properties and can be used to study skin damage and GERD.

Shikonin (Anchusa acid) is a natural product, a TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor (IC50=6.5 μM) and selective PKM2 inhibitor. Shikonin exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities.

Polyvinylpyrrolidone (Polyvidone) used in human and veterinary medicine as an effective wound healing accelerator.

Quadrol (EDTP) is an immunostimulant, accelerated wound healing.

L-Leucine ((S)-Leucine) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans (provided by food), L-Leucine is important for protein synthesis and many metabolic functions. L-Leucine contributes to regulation of blood-sugar levels; growth and repair of muscle and bone tissue; growth hormone production; and wound healing. L-Leucine also prevents breakdown of muscle proteins after trauma or severe stress and may be beneficial for individuals with phenylketonuria. L-Leucine is available in many foods and deficiency is rare.

LCB 03-0110 Dihydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of the c-Src kinase (IC50 = 1.3 nM) and tyrosine kinases in the BTK and SYK family, as well as in the DDR2 family. It inhibits LPS-induced activation of macrophages and TGF-β1-induced activation of fibroblasts in vitro, inhibits activation of macrophages and fibroblasts, and inhibits scarring in wound healing models.

Enfenamic acid is a platelet aggregation inhibitor and with antirheumatic.

Demethyldaphnoretin-7-O-glucoside is a natural product that is isolated from Daphne oleoides Schreber subsp. kurdica (DOK). In Turkish traditional medicine, the aerial parts of DOK have been used to treat malaria, rheumatism and for wound healing.

LKKTETQ acetate is the active site in the protein thymosin β4 responsible for wound healing, actin binding and cell migration.

Tribenoside (BG-356) is a vasoprotectant with mild anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound healing properties.

Paeonoside, found in P. suffruticosa, is biologically active and can promote wound healing and migration during osteoblast differentiation. Paeonoside has certain antidiabetic activity and may prevent sepsis and death from sepsis. Paeonoside has no cytotoxic effect on preosteoblasts of MC3T3-E1 cells, significantly restores the wound area and promotes cell migration and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and its activity in a dose-dependent manner.

Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a thymic hormone with multiple and different intracellular and extracellular activities affecting wound healing, inflammation, fibrosis and tissue regeneration.

Aganepag, a potent Prostanoid EP2 receptor agonist, exhibits remarkable selectivity with an EC50 of 0.19 nM, demonstrating no activity at the EP4 receptor. Its applications are primarily in the fields of wound healing, scar reduction, scar prevention, and the treatment and prevention of wrinkles.

1,4-DPCA is an inhibitor of prolyl-hydroxylase with an IC50 of 2.4 µM for collagen hydroxylation in human foreskin fibroblasts and 60 μM for factor inhibiting HIF (FIH).

GP 1a is a potent agonist of cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) (EC50=7.1), as shown in cAMP, GTPγS and β-arrestin recruitment assays. GP 1a is approximately 30-fold more selective for CB2 receptors than CB1 receptors and increases P-ERK1/2 expression in HL-60 cells in vitro. GP 1a is beneficial for skin wound healing. GP 1a inhibits inflammation and fibrogenesis while promoting epithelial re-formation.

1. Deoxyshikonin (Arnebin 7) may be a new drug candidate for wound healing and treatment of lymphatic diseases. 2. Deoxyshikonin enhances the ability of human dermal lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC-dLy) to undergo time-dependent in vitro cord formation. 3. Deoxyshikonin and dodecyl gallate show significantly synergic antimicrobial activity with penicillin in vivo and in vitro, and can effectively reduce nasopharyngeal and lung colonization caused by different penicillin-resistant pneumococcal serotypes.

Traumatic Acid (Dodec-2-Enedioic Acid) is a product of the hydroperoxide lyase pathway in plants. Potential as a wound healing agent that stimulates cell division near a wound site to form a protective callus.

Sodium gualenate (Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium) (Guaiazulenesulfonate sodium), a hydrophilic derivative of guaiazulene (GA), is an unstable compound. It has anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects.

4',6,7-Trimethoxyisoflavone promotes wound healing through NOX2 induction, which leads to collective migration and MMP activation.

Procyanidin A2 is a potential precursor of 5-(3',4'-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammary, anti-hyperglycemia, and anti-type 2 diabetes activities. Procyanidin A2 demonstrates liver cell regenerative activity in scratch w

SB-265610 (GSK-CXCR2) is a nonpeptide and allosteric CXCR2 antagonist. SB-265610 blocks rat cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1)-induced calcium mobilization and neutrophil chemotaxis (IC50s: 3.7 nM and 70 nM, respectively).

Myoseverin, an inducer of the reversible fission of multinucleated myotubes into mononucleated fragments, affecting the expression of a variety of growth factor, immunomodulatory, extracellular matrix-remodeling, and stress response genes, consistent with

CID 16020046 (C390-0219) is a selective GPR55 antagonist, inhibiting GPR55 constitutive activity with IC50 of 0.15 μM in yeast.

1. Periplocin (Periplocoside) has anti-cancer effects on lung cancer cells, induces apoptosis and inhibits growth of cancer cells by the beta-catenin/Tcf signaling pathway. 2. Periplocin is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, reinforcement of bones and tendons, palpitations or shortness of breath and lower extremity edema in traditional medicine.

Tracheloside significantly decreases the activity of alkaline phosphatase (IC50: 0.31 μg/ml), a level of inhibition comparable to that of tamoxifen (IC50: 0.43 μg/ml).

JK-P3 is a pyrazole-based inhibitor of VEGFR-2 (IC50: 7.8 μM). JK-P3 inhibits FGFR 1/3 kinase activity in vitro, but has no effect on FGFR signaling in cell-based assays. The compound blocks wound healing and tube formation in HUVEC without effecting endo

PHD-IN-2 (Compound 91), a potent PHD antagonist with an IC50 of less than 5 nM, effectively stimulates erythropoietin synthesis in HEP3B cells with an EC50 of less than 2.5 μM. It is applicable for research purposes across various medical fields, including cardiovascular, metabolic, hematological, pulmonary, kidney, liver, and wound healing disorders, as well as cancer [1].

Poly Vinyl Alcohol (Polyvinyl alcohol) is a water-soluble, biodegradable, wound-healing polymer used in a wide range of biomedical applications.Poly Vinyl Alcohol is commonly used in the manufacture of medical excipients.

Dermabond is an antibacterial compound that has been used in basic science research for wound healing.

ND-336 is a highly selective inhibitor ofMMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14. ND-336 accelerates diabetic wound healing by lowering inflammation and by enhancing angiogenesis and re-epithelialization of the wound.

AY 254 is a potent PAR2 biased agonist. Selectively activates ERK1/2 signaling (EC50= 2 nM for ERK1/2 phosphorylation versus 80 nM for Ca2+release). Reduces cytoKi ne-induced caspase 3/8 activation, promotes scratch-wound healing, and induces IL-8 secretion, in human colorectal cancer (HT29) cellsin vitro.

G-{d-Arg}-GDSPASSK is a polypeptide that inhibits cell adhesion, facilitating wound healing and promoting tissue repair [1].

Deoxyelephantopin has anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and wound healing activities; it also has antitumor activity.Deoxyelephantopin inhibits NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K Akt, and β-catenin signaling

S-72 acts as a microtubule polymerization inhibitor, effective in cell-free assays at concentrations of 1, 3, and 10 µM. At nanomolar levels (IC50s = 15.64 and 26.32 nM, respectively), it diminishes the viability of both MCF-7 and paclitaxel-resistant MCF-7/T breast cancer cells. Moreover, at 50 nM, S-72 impedes migration, invasion, and wound healing in these cell lines. Additionally, at 100 nM, it arrests the cell cycle at the G2/M phase and induces apoptosis in MCF-7/T cells, while also inhibiting stimulator of interferon genes (STING) activation. In vivo, S-72 dosage at 15 mg/kg per day curtails tumor growth in mouse xenograft models of paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer, specifically MCF-7/T and MX-1/T.

15-PGDH-IN-2 (Compound 2) is an inhibitor of 15-PGDH with an IC50 value of 0.274 nM. This compound is useful for research into hair loss, bone formation, gastric ulcer healing, and dermal wound healing [1].

Vaccarin is a major flavonoid glycoside in Vaccariae semen, its biotransformation pathways involves methylation, hydroxylation, glycosylation and deglycosylation.

Complement component C3 plays a particularly versatile role in this process by keeping the cascade alert, acting as a point of convergence of activation pathways, fueling the amplification of the complement response, exerting direct effector functions, and helping to coordinate downstream immune responses[3]. In C3-/- mice alcohol-induced liver steatosis is absent or strongly reduced after chronic or acute alcohol exposure. This suggests that the complement system and its component C3 contribute to the development of alcohol-induced fatty liver and its consequences[4].AMY-101 TFA (Cp40 TFA) is a peptidic inhibitor of the central complement component C3 (KD: 0.5 nM). It shows a favorable anti-inflammatory activity in models with COVID-19 severe pneumonia with systemic hyper inflammation[5].a daily subcutaneous dose of AMY-101 (4 mg/kg bodyweight) was protective against NHP periodontitis, suggesting that patients treated for systemic disorders (e.g., paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria) can additionally benefit in terms of improved periodontal condition[6].Plasma concentrations of both C3 and Cp40 were measured periodically and complete saturation of plasma C3 was confirmed. No differences in hematological, biochemical, or immunological parameters were identified in the blood or tissues of animals treated with Cp40 when compared to those injected with vehicle alone. Further, skin wounds showed no signs of infection in those treated with Cp40.Cp40 treatment was associated with a trend toward accelerated wound healing when compared with the control group. In addition, a biodistribution study in a rhesus monkey indicated that the distribution of Cp40 in the body is associated with the presence of C3, concentrating in organs that accumulate blood and produce C3[7].

Astragaloside VI could improve wound healing by activating the EGFR/ERK signaling pathway.

Prezatide copper (also known as Bisprezatide copper or Iamin) serves as an inhibitor of hair loss and is recognized for its multiple wound-healing properties as a human growth factor [1].

S-(N-Methylsulfinylbutylthiocarbamoyl)-L-cysteine (SFN-Cys) is an isothiocyanate derivative, functioning as an active metabolite of sulforaphane, a class I and II histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, and anticancer agent. This compound is generated from sulforaphane through intermediates - DL-sulforaphane glutathione and sulforaphane cysteinylglycine - via the mercapturic acid pathway enzymes. At a concentration of 20 µM, SFN-Cys diminishes invasion and migration of U87MG and U373 MG glioblastoma cells as observed in wound healing and chamber assays. Furthermore, at 45 µM, it significantly lowers the expression of α-tubulin, βIII-tubulin, stathmin 1, and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), and also reduces cell density in paclitaxel-resistant A549 lung cancer cells (A549/T). Additionally, when used at 30 µM, SFN-Cys prompts apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase in U87MG and U373 MG cells.

PF-03671148 is a potent ALK inhibitor. PF-03671148 inhibits the expression of fibrotic genes and protein markers both in vitro in human fibroblasts and in vivo in a rat wound repair model. Wound healing is not inhibited by the topical application of the ALK5 inhibitor to the wound. PF-03671148 may have potential utility for the prevention of dermal scarring.

Apratyramide is a marine-derived peptidic stimulator of VEGF-A and other growth factors with potential application in wound healing.

Acemannan can produce cell proliferation and skin wound healing through AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Ginsenoside Rg4 is a natural product

Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), also known as stromelysin-1, is a critical enzyme involved in tissue remodeling and repair through its role in degrading extracellular matrix proteins, facilitating cell migration. This enzyme has been implicated in various physiological processes including vascular remodeling associated with aneurysm formation, wound healing, the progression of atherosclerosis, and tumor initiation. MMP-3 inhibitor VIII, a cell-permeable sulfonamide-based hydroxamic acid, effectively inhibits MMP-3 by binding to its active site (Ki = 23 nM), thus blocking its enzymatic activity. Additionally, this inhibitor has been demonstrated to suppress the activity of mouse macrophage metalloelastase MME/MMP-12, with an IC50 value of 13 nM, highlighting its potential utility in research on tissue remodeling and disease processes involving MMPs.

Migrastatin is a bacterial metabolite that has been found inStreptomyceswith antimuscarinic and anticancer activities.1,2It binds to M1-5muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (Kis = >200, 200, 31, 43, and >200 μM, respectively) and inhibits calcium mobilization induced by carbamoylcholine in SK-N-SH cells (IC50= 28 μM), as well as in primary rat bladder smooth muscle cells.1Migrastatin inhibits the migration of EC17 esophageal cancer cells in a wound healing assay (IC50= 10 μg/ml) and 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma cells in a chamber cell migration assay (IC50= 29 μM).2It enhances cytotoxicity induced by vinblastine in vincristine-resistant P388/VCR cells.3

BLT2 Probe 1 (Compound 13), a fluorescent probe derived from the synthetic BLT2 agonist CAY10583, offers a robust tool for exploring BLT2 receptor ligand pharmacology across various assay systems [1]. As BLT2 is a valuable target for treatments in diabetic wound healing and gastrointestinal lesions, this probe facilitates relevant biomedical research.

(-)-Fenchone is a bicyclic monoterpenoid widely distributed in plants and can be extracted from Foeniculum vulgare and Peumus boldus. (-)-Fenchone has a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, wound healing, antidiarrheal, antifungal, anti-injury sensory and bronchodilator activities. (-)-Fenchone is a potential anti-tumor compound.