Nonapeptide-1 (Melanostatine™ 5) can inhibit the synthesis of melanin, which makes it of interest for treating certain skin conditions.

Phe-Met-Arg-Phe, amide acetate dose dependently (ED50=23 nM) activates a K+ current in the peptidergic caudodorsal neurons. This peptide appears to localize with neuropeptide Y in some regions of the brain.

β-Amyloid (1-40), England mutation, is a biologically active peptide with a histidine (His) to arginine (Arg) substitution at position 6, known to enhance oligomerization kinetics that serve as fibril seeds and increase neurotoxicity in cultured neurons. This alteration is one of several mutations in the beta-amyloid precursor gene implicated in autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease across multiple kindreds.

(D-Arg1,D-Pro2,D-Trp7,9,L-Leu11)-Substance P (acetate), an antagonist for Substance P and Bombesin, modulates ocular inflammatory responses triggered by antidromic trigeminal nerve stimulation [1].

[Deamino-Pen1,Val4,D-Arg8]-vasopressin (AVP-A) is an antagonist of arginine-vasopressin (AVP). It effectively reduces plasma aldosterone concentration in rats and is utilized in studying the growth and steroidogenic capacity of the rat adrenal zona glomerulosa [1].

[Arg6]-β-Amyloid (1-42), England mutation, is a biologically active peptide associated with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's Disease in various kindreds. The English (H6R) mutation disrupts H6 interactions due to several mutations in the beta-amyloid precursor gene.

Acetyl-(D-Phe2,Lys15,Arg16,Leu27)-VIP(1-7)-GRF(8-27) is a selective antagonist [1] for the vasoactive intestinal peptide 1 (VIP 1) receptor.

[D-Arg2]Dermorphin-(1-4) amide is an N-terminal truncated peptide of [D-Arg2]dermorphin noted for its hypothermic and analgesic effects. This compound also demonstrates degradation when subjected to soluble mouse liver and brain extracts [1].

Cys-Gly-Lys-Arg-Amyloid β-Protein (1-42), a peptide fragment derived from amyloid β-protein (Aβ), plays a pivotal role in Alzheimer's disease research [1].

Tnrnflrfamide is a SCP (small cardioactive peptide)-like peptide found in lobster neurons; exhibits FMRFamide-like immunoreactivity.

Angiotensin (1-7) (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE-HIS-PRO) is a synthetic heptapeptide identical to endogenous angiotensin-(1-7) , inhibits purified canine ACE activity (IC50=0.65 μM) with vasodilator and antiproliferative activities.

Cys-Arg-Gly-Asp-Phe-Pro-Ala-Ser-Ser-Cys (Disulfide bridge: Cys1-Cys10), a decapeptide with a cyclic RGD active sequence, acts as an Integrin αIIbβ3 antagonist, effectively inhibiting platelet adhesion and proMMP-13 adhesion [1].

Acetyl-(D-Arg2)-GRF (1-29) amide (human) serves as an antagonist to growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) and inhibits growth hormone (GH) secretion, with applications in endocrine research [1].

E-2078, known chemically as (N-Me-Tyr1,N-Me-Arg7,D-Leu-NHEt8)-Dynorphin A (1-8), is a stable analog of Dynorphin A (1–8) and functions as a kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist [1].

(D-Arg1,D-Pro2,D-Trp7,9,L-Leu11)-Substance P is a neuropeptide Substance P antagonist [1] .

(Phenylac1,D-Tyr(Et)2,Lys6,Arg8,des-Gly9)-Vasopressin, a potent vasopressin V1 receptor (VP V1R) antagonist, significantly lowers mean arterial pressure (MAP) in rats [1].

(D-Arg1,D-Pro2,D-Phe7,D-His9)-Substance P is a selective NK 1 receptor antagonist [1] .

Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser acetate is an integrin binding sequence that directly and specifically bind pro-caspase-8, pro-caspase-9 and pro-caspase-3, while it does not bind pro-caspase-1. Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser acetate inhibits integrin receptor function.

[D-Arg1,D-Phe5,D-Trp7,9,Leu11]-Substance P acetate ([D-Arg1,D-Phe5,D-Trp7,9,Leu11]-Substance P acetate (96736-12-8 free base)) is a broad spectrum neuropeptide inverse agonist and antagonist. Potent full inverse agonist for the ghrelin receptor (EC50 = 5.2 nM); diminishes constitutive ghrelin receptor signaling. Also antagonist at tachykinin, bradykinin, CCK and bombesin receptors. Induces apoptosis and inhibits cancer cell growth in vitro.

Angiotensin I/II (1-5) is a peptide (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE) that contains the amino acids 1-5 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II.

Acetyl Angiotensinogen (1-14), porcine Acetate is a peptide with the sequence AC-ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE-HIS-PRO-PHE-HIS-LEU-LEU-VAL-TYR-SER-OH. The protein encoded by the Angiotensinogen gene is known as pre-angiotensinogen or angiotensinogen precursor.

Cadherin Peptide, avian Acetate is a peptide with the sequence Leu-Arg-Ala-His-Ala-Val-Asp-Val-Asn-Gly-NH2. Cadherins are a class of type-1 transmembrane proteins.

Angiotensin I/II (1-6) is a peptide (ASP-ARG-VAL-TYR-ILE-HIS) that contains the amino acids 1-6 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide.

LXW7 TFA, a cyclic peptide encompassing Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD), serves as an inhibitor of integrin αvβ3. It demonstrates high binding affinity towards αvβ3 integrin, evidenced by an IC50 value of 0.68 μM. Additionally, LXW7 TFA promotes the phosphorylation of VEGFR-2 and the activation of ERK1/2, contributing to its anti-inflammatory effects [1] [2] [3].

Cys-Asp-Pro-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Gly-Ser-Arg-NH2 is a linear peptide derived from the laminin B1 chain, which disrupts tumor cell adherence and invasion into the basement membrane and exhibits anti-angiogenic properties [1].

Z-Arg-SBzl is a substrate of both bovine and activated human protein C [1] .

Broad spectrum neuropeptide inverse agonist and antagonist. Potent full inverse agonist for the ghrelin receptor (EC50 = 5.2 nM); diminishes constitutive ghrelin receptor signaling. Also antagonist at tachykinin, bradykinin, CCK and bombesin receptors. In

The sPLA2-IIA Inhibitor is a cyclic pentapeptide analog of FLSYK, specifically cyclic 2-Nal-Leu-Ser-2-Nal-Arg (c2), which interacts with human IIA phospholipase A2 (hGIIA) to impede its ester bond hydrolyzing function. As part of the esterase superfamily, sPLA2 enzymatically cleaves the sn-2 ester bond in glycerophospholipids, releasing arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids[1].

[Arg-15,-20,-21, Leu17]-PACAP-Gly-Lys-Arg-NH2 (BM-PACAP) is a synthetic analogue of PACAP 1-27 that exhibits a relaxant effect [1].

H-Arg-OtBu (dihydrochloride) is a membrane-targeting antimicrobial that engages the negatively charged bacterial membrane through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, with applications in bacterial infection disease research [1].

Decanoyl-Arg-Val-Arg-Lys-chloromethylketone (DEC-RVRK-CMK) is a small, synthetic, irreversible cell-permeable competitive inhibitor of furin that exhibits strong antiviral activity against Zika virus (ZIKV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) [1].

FITC-Ahx-Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro, also known as FITC-linked GRGDSP, is a fluorescent peptide with integrin inhibitory properties. This compound impedes tumor cell adherence to endothelial blood vessel cells, potentially restricting metastasis [1].

H-Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro-NH2 is a tetrapeptide that replicates the N-terminal Gly-Pro-Arg sequence in the alpha (α) chain of fibrin and inhibits its polymerization [1].

Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) is an integrin αvβ3 inhibitor with antitumor properties, utilized in the research of acute myeloid leukemia [1].

Lys-Phe-Glu-Arg-Gln promotes cytosolic protein degradation in serum-deprived human diploid fibroblasts [1].

PTD2 (Ac-Gly-Val-Nle-Arg-Ile-NH2) serves as a potent and selective WHSC1 inhibitor, exhibiting micromolar affinity for this target [1].

SDGR, a tetrapeptide comprising a serine-aspartic acid-glycine-arginine (Ser-Asp-Gly-Arg) sequence, efficiently impedes cell attachment mediated by fibronectin [1].

G-{d-Arg}-GDSPASSK is a polypeptide that inhibits cell adhesion, facilitates wound healing, and promotes tissue repair [1].

G-{d-Arg}-GDSP, an RGD peptide analogue, binds to the adhesion receptor of integrins, inhibiting cellular attachment to fibronectin and osteoclast resorption [1].

Gly-Gly-Arg, a tripeptide and pumping pheromone, is released from hatching eggs, stimulating pleopod pumping activity in subtidal crustaceans at a threshold concentration of 10 nM and eliciting a maximum response rate of 58.3%. Additionally, this compound plays a role in controlling larval release in these organisms [1].

Met-Arg-Phe-Ala, a peptide, serves as a potent competitive inhibitor of enkephalin-generating endopeptidase (EGE) and is utilized in neurological disease research [1].

Cys-Gly-Tyr-Gly-Pro-Lys-Lys-Lys-Arg-Lys-Val-Gly-Gly is a 13-mer synthetic peptide with a sequence homologous to seven amino acids of the SV40 T antigen, known for its capability to induce nuclear transport [1].

Histatin-3, a 32-amino-acid peptide, exhibits potent antimicrobial activities and serves as a substrate for proprotein convertase 1 (PC1), where it is primarily cleaved at a site carboxy-terminal to Arg25 (HRGYR↓SN). Additionally, it acts as a moderately potent, reversible, and competitive inhibitor of furin-mediated cleavage of the pentapeptide pGlu-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-MCA fluorogenic substrate, with an inhibition constant (Ki) estimated at 1.98 μM [1].

Cyclo(Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro) (c(GRGDSP)) is an RGD-containing inhibitory peptide and a synthetic α5β1 integrin ligand. It competitively inhibits the binding of invasin (Inv) to α5β1 integrin on Caco-2 cells [1].

H-Pro-Thr-Glu-Phe-p-nitro-Phe-Arg-Leu-OH is a water-soluble polypeptide capable of acting as a substrate for enzymes cathepsin D, pepsin, and pepsinogen, holding potential applications in biochemical analysis [1] [2].

H-Arg-Gly-Tyr-Ala-Leu-Gly-OH is a competitive inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase [1].

Pyr-Arg-Thr-Lys-Arg-AMC TFA, an AMC-tagged decapeptide, is selectively cleaved by proteases including trypsin and thrombin. This AMC peptide serves as a substrate for measuring protease activity and assessing the efficacy of enzyme inhibitors [1].

Nona-L-arginine (Arg)9 acetate, a cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) consisting of 9 arginine residues, displays neuroprotective properties, with an IC50 of 0.78 μM in the glutamic acid model [1] [2].

Laminin B1 octapeptide P-8 is a synthetic laminin B1 chain octapeptide with laminin receptor binding ability.

H-Leu-Trp-Met-Arg-OH, a tetrapeptide, serves as a substrate for studies on aminopeptidase-mediated hydrolysis [1].