calcium-binding

Members of the S100 protein family are involved in calcium- or zinc-dependent cellular functions and regulate immune-mechanisms, cell proliferation and differentiation. Some S100 members have been established as tumor markers because they are dysregulated during carcinogenesis. Psoriasin (S100A7) and koebnerisin (S100A15) are highly homologous proteins that have been first described in psoriasis, which is characterized by disturbed epidermal maturation and chronic inflammation. Several studies showed that the coexpression of the hS100A7 and hS100A15 in psoriasis suggests that both proteins participate in keratinocyte maturation, proliferation and/or skin inflammation.

Cornulin is a member of the fused gene family of molecular chaperones. Human Cornulin contains N-terminus EF-hand domains and Ca2+ binding domains, and two glutamine- and threonine-rich 60 amino acid repeats in its C-terminus. Cornulin involves in the mucosal/epithelial immune response and epidermal differentiation. Cornulin is a survival factor that participates in the clonogenicity of squamous esophageal epithelium cell lines, attenuates deoxycholic acid (DCA)-induced apoptotic cell death and release of calcium. When Cornulin is overexpressed in oral squamous carcinoma cell lines, it regulates negatively cell proliferation by the induction of G1 arrest.

S100A1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.1 kDa and the accession number is A0A0S2Z4H2.

S100A4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 38.4 kDa and the accession number is P26447.

S100A6 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 10 kDa and the accession number is P14069.

S100A9 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 26 and 13 kDa and the accession number is P06702.

S100A6 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12 kDa and the accession number is P06703.

S100A5 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12.3 kDa and the accession number is P63084.

S100A1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12.5 kDa and the accession number is P56565.

CABP3, also known as CABP5, belongs to a subfamily of calcium binding proteins, which share similarity to calmodulin. Calcium binding proteins are an important component of calcium mediated cellular signal transduction. Expression of CABP3 gene is retina-specific. The mouse homolog of CABP3 has been shown to express in the inner nuclear layer of the retina, suggested its role in neuronal functioning. The specific function of CABP3 gene is unknown. Study of the transcripts and genomic structure revealed that the 5 end of this gene is complementary and reverse to that of the CABP5 gene, and the sequence beyond the overlapping region is nearly identical to that of CABP5. Thus, these two genes encode the protein products with distinct N-terminal halves but identical C-terminal halves. CABP3 inhibits calcium-dependent inactivation of L-type calcium channel and shifts voltage dependence of activation to more depolarized membrane potentials. It is also involved in the transmission of light signals.

Reticulocalbin 3/RCN3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36.2 kDa and the accession number is Q96D15.

S100A4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 13.8 kDa and the accession number is P07091.

Reticulocalbin 3/RCN3 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 36.9 kDa and the accession number is Q8BH97.

S100B, a calcium-binding protein of the EF-hand type exerts both intracellular and extracellular functions.The intracellular, and extracellular, roles of S100B are attractive therapeutic targets for the treatment of both cardiac and vascular disease.

Buffers cytosolic calcium. May stimulate a membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase and a 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase. Calbindin Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with C-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.8 kDa and the accession number is P05937.

Plays essential roles in both eye and limb development. Probable regulator of osteoblast differentiation.

S100A9 Protein, Bovine, Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 34.5 kDa and the accession number is P28783.

S100A6 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 10.2 kDa and the accession number is P06703.

S100B Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.2 kDa and the accession number is A0A0S2Z4C5.

S100A2 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 11 kDa and the accession number is P29034.

S100A11 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 24 and 12 kDa and the accession number is P31949.

S100A8 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12.2 kDa and the accession number is P05109.

S100 protein is a family of low molecular weight protein found in vertebrates characterized by two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. There are at least 21 different S100 proteins, and the name is derived from the fact that the protein is 100% soluble in ammonium sulfate at neutral pH. Most S100 proteins are disulfide-linked homodimer, and is normally present in cells derived from the neural crest, chondrocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, etc. S100 proteins have been implicated in a variety of intracellular and extracellular functions. They are involved in regulation of protein phosphorylation, transcription factors, the dynamics of cytoskeleton constituents, enzyme activities, cell growth and differentiation, and the inflammatory response. Protein S100-A12, also known as S100 calcium-binding protein A12, Calcium-binding protein in amniotic fluid 1, Calgranulin-C, and S100A12, is a member of the S-101 family. Like the majority of S100 proteins, S100A12 is a dimer, with the interface between the two subunits being composed mostly of hydrophobic residues. The fold of S100A12 is similar to the other known crystal and solution structures of S100 proteins, except for the linker region between the two EF-hand motifs. S100A12 plays an important role in the inflammatory response.

S100A13 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 11.6 kDa and the accession number is Q99584.

S100B Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39 kDa and the accession number is P50114.

S100A8 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12.3 kDa and the accession number is P27005.

S100 protein is a family of low molecular weight protein found in vertebrates characterized by two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. There are at least 21 different S100 proteins, and the name is derived from the fact that the protein is 100% soluble in ammonium sulfate at neutral pH. Most S100 proteins are disulfide-linked homodimer, and is normally present in cells derived from the neural crest, chondrocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, etc. S1 proteins have been implicated in a variety of intracellular and extracellular functions. They are involved in regulation of protein phosphorylation, transcription factors, the dynamics of cytoskeleton constituents, enzyme activities, cell growth and differentiation, and the inflammatory response. Protein S100-A10, also known as Calpactin I light chain, Cellular ligand of annexin II, S100 calcium-binding protein A10, p10 protein, p11, ANX2LG and S100A10, is a member of the S100 family of small, dimeric EF hand-type Ca(2+)-binding proteins that generally modulate cellular target proteins in response to intracellular Ca(2+) signals. In contrast to all other S100 proteins, S100A10 is Ca(2+) insensitive because of amino acid replacements in its Ca(2+)-binding loops that lock the protein in a permanently active state. S100A10 forms a heterotetramer with annexin IIH and promotes carcinoma invasion and metastasis by plasminogen activation. S100A10 and annexin II contribute to the aggressive characteristics of anaplastic carcinoma, while playing a constitutive role in papillary carcinoma. S100A10 induces the dimerization of ANXA2 / p36, it may function as a regulator of protein phosphorylation in that the ANXA2 monomer is the preferred target of tyrosine-specific kinase. S100A10 functions as a linker tethering certain transmembrane proteins to annexin A2 thereby assisting their traffic to the plasma membrane and/or their firm anchorage at certain membrane sites.

S100A11 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 28.6 kDa and the accession number is P50543.

S100A4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40 kDa and the accession number is P07091.

S100-B, is an acidic protein with a molecular weight of 21 kDa belonging to the S100 family. S100-B contains two EF-hand-type calcium-binding motifs separated by a hinge region with a hydrophobic cleft. S100-B plays an important role in neurodevelopment, differentiation, and brain construction. S100-B has neuroprotective effects, but at high concentrations S100-B is neurotoxic. Extracellular concentration of S100-B increases following brain damage, which easily penetrates into cerebrospinal fluid in brain damage and then into the blood. S100-B is expressed and produced by astrocytes in vertebrate brains and in the CNS, and the astrocytes are the major cells producing S100-B protein in gray matter, as well as oligodendrocytes are the predominant S100-B in protein producing cells in white matter. The major advantage of using S100-B is that elevations in serum or CSF levels provide a sensitive measure for determining CNS injury at the molecular level before gross changes develop, enabling timely delivery of crucial medical intervention before irreversible damage occurs. In addition, S100-B, which is also present in Mouse melanocytes, is a reliable marker for melanoma malignancy both in bioptic tissue and in serum.

Could be involved in calcium metabolism in pollen. Binds 3 calcium ions. Bet v 3 Protein, Betula pendula, Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis-SUMO and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.1 kDa and the accession number is P43187.

Plays a role in store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE).

May be involved in epidermal differentiation and inflammation and might therefore be important for the pathogenesis of psoriasis and other diseases. S100A7A Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 13.2 kDa and the accession number is Q86SG5.

S100A9 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 29.0 kDa and the accession number is P50116.

S100A2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.6 kDa and the accession number is P29034.

S100A1 Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 10.5 kDa and the accession number is A0A0S2Z4H2.

S100A3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & MBP) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His and MBP tag. The predicted molecular weight is 55.3 kDa and the accession number is P33764.

S100A4 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells. The predicted molecular weight is 11.7 kDa and the accession number is P07091.

Hippocalcin-Like Protein 1 (HPCAL1) is a neuron-specific calcium-binding member of the recoverin family which found in the retina and brain. HPCAL1 contains four EF-hand domains and it is highly similar to human hippocalcin protein. HPCAL1 is involved in the calcium-dependent regulation of rhodopsin phosphorylation. In addition, it may be of relevance for neuronal signalling in the central nervous system.

Protein S100-A8(Mrp8) contains 2 EF-hand domains and belongs to the S-100 family. Mrp8 binds two calcium ions per molecule with an affinity similar to that of the S-100 proteins. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells, and involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. S100 genes include at least 13 members which are located as a cluster on chromosome 1q21. It may function in the inhibition of casein kinase and as a cytokine. Altered expression of this protein is associated with the disease cystic fibrosis.

Protein S100-P (S100P) belongs to the S100 family of Calcium-Binding Proteins. S100P is 95 amino acids in length and it contains 2 EF-Hand Calcium-Binding Motifs. The EF-Hand Motif binds calcium, which likely alters molecular conformation. S100 proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells and it is involved in the regulation of a number of cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation. In addition to binding Ca, S100P also binds Zn and Mg, and may play a role in the etiology of prostate cancer.

Like parvalbumins, SCP's seem to be more abundant in fast contracting muscles, but no functional relationship can be established from this distribution. SCP alpha chain Protein, Penaeus sp., Recombinant (His & Myc & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis-SUMO and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.0 kDa and the accession number is P02636.

S100A9 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 14.6 kDa and the accession number is P06702.

SPARC-related modular calcium-binding protein 1, also known as secreted modular calcium-binding protein 1 and SMOC1, is a member of the SPARC family. SMOC1 is widely expressed in many tissues with a strongest signal in ovary. It contains two EF-hand domains, one Kazal-like domain and two thyroglobulin type-1 domains. Extracellular matrix proteins have been implicated in the regulation of osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) through paracrine or autocrine mechanisms. SMOC1 is a regulator of osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs. SMOC1 is highly expressed and secreted in BMSCs stimulated with osteogenic medium (OSM). SMOC1 and SMOC2 are matricellular proteins thought to influence growth factor signaling, migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis. SMOC1 and SMOC2 may mediate intercellular signaling and cell type-specific differentiation during gonad and reproductive tract development.

S100P Protein, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 10.4 kDa and the accession number is P25815.

Calcium and integrin-binding protein 2 (CIB2) belongs to a protein family with four known members, CIB1 through CIB4, which are characterized by multiple calcium-binding EF-hand domains. Sensorineural hearing loss is genetically heterogeneous. The mutations in CIB2, which encodes a calcium- and integrin-binding protein, are associated with nonsyndromic deafness (DFNB48) and Usher syndrome type 1J (USH1J). Furthermore, in zebrafish and Drosophila melanogaster, CIB2 is essential for the function and proper development of hair cells and retinal photoreceptor cells. We also show that CIB2 is a new member of the vertebrate Usher interactome. Variants in CIB2 can underlie either Usher syndrome type I (USH1J) or nonsyndromic hearing impairment (NSHI) (DFNB48). CIB2 is widely expressed in various human and animal tissues, mainly in skeletal muscle, nervous tissue, inner ear, and retina. The CIB2 protein is responsible for maintaining Ca(2+) homeostasis in cells and interacting with integrins-transmembrane receptors essential for cell adhesion, migration, and activation of signaling pathways. Calcium signaling pathway is crucial for signal transduction in the inner ear, and integrins regulate hair cell differentiation and maturation of the stereocilia.

S100B Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12 kDa and the accession number is A0A0S2Z4C5.

Koebnerisin is also known as protein S100-A7A (S100A7A), S100 calcium-binding protein A7-like 1 (S100A7L1) or S100 calcium-binding protein A15 (S100A15). Human S100A7A / S100A15 is a novel member of the S100 family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins and was recently identified in psoriasis, where it is significantly upregulated in lesional skin. S100A7 is expressed by both normal cultured and malignant keratinocytes and malignant breast epithelial cells within ductal carcinoma in situ, suggesting an association with abnormal pathways of differentiation. S100A7 plays a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin disease, as a chemotactic factor for hematopoietic cells. It also plays a role in early stages of breast tumor progression in association with the development of the invasive phenotype. The association of the 11.2 kDa S100A7A / S100A15 with psoriasis suggests that it contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease and could provide a molecular target for therapy.

S100A9 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 15 kDa and the accession number is P31725.

S100A4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 12.6 kDa and the accession number is P26447.