2,4-Diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP) (DAHP) is a selective, specific inhibitor of GTP cyclohydrolase I, the rate limiting step for de novo pterin synthesis

Mifepristone (C-1073) is a Progestin Antagonist. The mechanism of action of mifepristone is as a Progestational Hormone Receptor Antagonist.

L-NAME hydrochloride (L-NAME HCl), a cell-permeable NO synthase inhibitor, displays Ki values of 4.4 μM, 15 nM, and 39 nM, for iNOS (mouse) , nNOS (bovine) , and eNOS (human), respectively.

Celiprolol hydrochloride (Selectrol) is a cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used in the management of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.

NOS-IN-1 (2-Imino-4-methylpiperidine acetate) is a potent and orally active inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS) isoforms. NOS-IN-1 exhibits IC50s of 0.1 μM, 0.2 μM, and 1.1μM for human iNOS (hiNOS), hnNOS and heNOS, respectively.

1400W dihydrochloride (N-(3-(Aminomethyl)benzyl)acetamidine) is a highly effective and specific inhibitor of inducible NOS2 (iNOS).

7-Nitroindazole is a non-selective inhibitor of NOS isoforms in vitro for neuronal nitric oxide synthase showing a 10-fold selectivity for neuronal NOS.

Physalin L is a natural product,it shows a distinct fluorescence spot under UV 365 nm with good separation.

Sapropterin is a naturally occurring essential cofactor of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylase enzymes, used in the degradation of amino acid phenylalanine and in the biosynthesis of dopamine, epinephrine, melatonin, norepinephrine, neurotransmitter

Kuwanon A inhibits nitric oxide production (IC50: 10.5 μM). Kuwanon A is a flavone derivative isolated from Morus alba L.

2-Thiouracil (Deracil) is a thiolated uracil derivative that is a known anti-hyperthyroid agent.

TRIM (1-(2-Trifluoromethylphenyl)imidazole) is an inhibitor of nNOS.

Epibetulinic acid has anti-inflammatory activity, it exhibits potent inhibitory effects on NO and prostaglandin E(2) production in mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with bacterial endotoxin.

2-Iminobiotin (Guanidinobiotin) is a cyclic guanidino analog of biotin that acts as a reversible inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS; Ki of 21.8 and 37.5 μM for mouse iNOS and rat nNOS, respectively).

N'-Nitro-D-arginine (N'-Nitro-D-arginine) is a Building Block.

3-O-Acetyl-16α-hydroxydehydrotrametenolic acid (3-O-Acetyl-16 alpha-hydroxydehydrotrametenolic acid) shows anti-inflammatory activity, it can inhibit NO production and iNOS expression in LPS-stimulated Raw264.7 cells.

Chondroitin sulfate (Chonsurid) is extracted from shark bone;Store the product in sealed, cool and dry condition

Polygalasaponin F has anti-neuroinflammatory activity, can inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and NO induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and reduce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthases. Polygalasaponin F can significantly i

1. Irisflorentin blocks apoptosis pathways, by exerting its effects by promoting rpn-3 expression to enhance the activity of proteasomes and down-regulating egl-1 expression. 2. Irisflorentin has anti-inflammatory mechanism in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macr

L-Canavanine sulfate is a selective inducible NO synthase inhibitor.

Asperuloside (Asperulosid) has anti-inflammatory activity.

Piceatannol 3'-O-glucoside (Piceatannol 3-glycoside) increases pulmonary blood oxygen tension and decreases pulmonary interstitial edema, so it can protect lung injury.

Ginsenoside C-K (Ginsenoside K) is a bacterial metabolite of G-Rb1 exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects by reducing iNOS and COX-2.

1. Isoquercetin (3-Glucosylquercetin) is a potential stimulator of bone mineralization used for prophylaxis of osteoporotic disorders. 2. Isoquercetin may be as a potential therapeutic agent against neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease. 3. Isoquercetin is an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin and may be as a potential novel anti-tumoral agent, such as against human pancreati,liver cancer related to opioid receptors and to the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway. .

Dimaprit dihydrochloride is a selective histamine H2 receptor agonist. Dimaprit dihydrochloride also inhibits nNOS with an IC50 of 49 μM. It can stimulate gastric acid secretion.

1. Harpagoside has anti-inflammatory activity. 2. Harpagoside at 3 mM concentration, shows moderate inhibition of seed germination. 3. Harpagoside can inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced mRNA levels and protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible

6-Biopterin (L-Biopterin) is a natural product,is a NO synthase cofactor.

Pectolinarin is a Cirsium isolate with anti-inflammatory activity.

3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole is a more potent and selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) than eNOS or iNOS. It affects the intercellular messenger NO synthesis throughout the brain and body.

Crocin II (Crocetin gentiobiosylglucosyl ester) has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects against gastric ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats, the effect of crocin is mainly mediated by reducing the protein expression of iNOS and caspase-3. Crocin II can ameliorate CCl4-induced liver injury via inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, caspase3 and oxidative stress along with modulation of liver metabolizing enzymes favoring elimination of CCl4 toxic metabolite. Crocin II has antihyperlipidemic effect, may be due to the inhibition of pancreatic lipase and crocin, and its metabolite, Crocin II , can improve hyperlipidemia. Crocin has antidepressant effects by increasing CREB, BDNF and VGF levels in hippocampus.

Anemarsaponin B has anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-treated RAW 264.7macrophages, the effect is associated with the inhibition of NF-κB transcriptional activity, possibly via the p38 MAP kinase pathway. Anemarsaponin B can inhibit PAF-induced rabbit platelet aggregation in vitro.

PKC412(Midostaurin (PKC412); CGP41231; CGP41251) is a broad spectrum protein kinase inhibitor. Midostaurin inhibits protein kinase C alpha (PKCalpha), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2), c-kit, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) and FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) tyrosine kinases, which may result in disruption of the cell cycle, inhibition of proliferation, apoptosis, and inhibition of angiogenesis in susceptible tumors.

Isosorbide dinitrate (Isordil) is a vasodilator used in the treatment of angina pectoris.

L-NMMA acetate (Tilarginine acetate) is an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase of all NOS isoforms (i.e. NOS1, NOS2, and NOS3). The Ki values are 0.18, 0.4, and 6 µM for nNOS, eNOS, and iNOS, respectively.

1. L-Arginine (L-Arg) exhibits anti-atherosclerotic effect. 2. L-Arginine and soy enriched diet are effective in prevention of osteoporosis associated with diabetes mellitus. 3. Exogenous L-Arginine could enhance neonate lymphocyte proliferation through an interleukin-2-independent pathway. 4. A combination of oral L-citrulline and L-Arginine effectively and rapidly augments NO-dependent responses at the acute stage.

Regaloside B, a phenylpropanoid isolated from Lilium longiflorum, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting the expression of iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) and COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2).

Dehydroevodiamine (DHED), a constituent of Evodia rutaecarpa, has various biological effects such as hypotensive, negative chronotropic, ion channel depressant, inhibition of nitric oxide production and cerebral blood flow enhancing activities.

Agmatine sulfate (Agmatine sulfate salt) is a bioactive metabolite of the arginine amino acid. It exerts modulatory action at multiple molecular targets, such as neurotransmitter systems, ion channels and nitric oxide synthesis. It is an endogenous agonist at imidazoline receptor and a NO synthase inhibitor.

Dimethoxycurcumin (Veratrylcurcuminoid) is an analog of curcumin with more metabolical stability. Dimethoxycurcumin induces epigenetic changes in leukemia cells and the expression of promoter methylated genes.

Madecassic acid (L-fucopyranose) is extracted from the whole herb of Centella asiatica.

2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide (Guanidinobiotin) is a cyclic guanidino analog of biotin that acts as a reversible inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and neuronal NOS (nNOS; Ki of 21.8 and 37.5 μM for mouse iNOS and rat nNOS, respectively).

L-Arginine hydrochloride is a nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide.

Asymmetric dimethylarginine is an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)

Prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (Cimifugin 7-glucoside) can inhibit the proliferation of SMC(smooth muscle cell) stimulated by TNF-alpha, increase the proportion of G0/G1 phase.

Ethyl Caffeate (ETHYL 3,4-DIHYDROXYCINNAMATE) suppressed the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into Th1 in vitro. Furthermore, Ethyl Caffeate intensely blocked the transcriptional expression in interferon-γ-related signaling, including IFN-γ, T-bet, STAT1, and STAT4.

Tryptanthrin is a natural DNA gyrase inhibitor.

PRE-084 hydrochloride is a selective agonist of σ1(IC50:44 nM, in the sigma receptor assay).

Aminoguanidine hemisulfate, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), effectively suppresses ANE-induced ROS production in vitro and is utilized in cancer research [1].

1. Cistanoside A possesses protective activities on CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in mice, which is involved with increasing free radicals clearing activities, alleviating lipid-overoxidation damage, and improving respiratory chain function in mitochondria.

Aminoguanidine hydrochloride (Hydrazinecarboximidamide) is a diamine oxidase and NO synthase inhibitor, used in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.