Adalimumab (anti-TNF-alpha) is the first fully human recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody that specifically targets human TNF-alpha.

Revdofilimab (ABBV-368) is a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that functions as an agonist against OX40, a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. OX40 is expressed on activated and memory T cell subsets as well as T regulatory cells [1].

Onercept, a recombinant soluble form of the human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) p55 receptor, is utilized in the study of Crohn's disease [1].

Tavolixizumab (also known as MEDI 0562 and Tavolimab) is a human monoclonal antibody targeting TNFRSF4 (TNF receptor superfamily member 4), utilized in cancer immunology studies [1].

Lenercept (Ro 45-2081) is a recombinant fusion protein combining the soluble TNF-receptor (p55) with the Fc portion of human IgG1 [1].

Enavatuzumab (PDL192; ABT-361) is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody designed to target the TWEAK receptor (TweakR), a protein involved in various cellular responses through its interaction with its natural ligand, TWEAK (Fn14; TNFRSF12A). By directly engaging TweakR signaling and promoting antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), enavatuzumab effectively inhibits tumor growth. It also recruits and activates myeloid effector cells to destroy tumor cells. Enavatuzumab has demonstrated the ability to suppress the proliferation of a range of human TweakR-positive cancer cell lines and tumorigenic models both in vitro and in vivo [1] [2].

Quisovalimab (AVTX-002; AEVI 002; SAR 252067), a human monoclonal antibody targeting LIGHT, a tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related cytokine (TNFSF14), is crucial for managing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in COVID-19. This compound has potential applications in treating ARDS related to COVID-19 and is subject to ongoing research [1].

Tengonermin (ARENEGYR), a vascular-targeting compound, comprises human Tumour Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) conjugated with the CNGRCG peptide. It enhances intratumoral chemotherapy delivery and T-cell infiltration by altering the tumor microenvironment [1] [2].

Atibuclimab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody targeting CD14, consisting of a mouse variable region and a human IgG4 Fc region. Atibuclimab can be used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Atibuclimab reduces LPS-induced disease and inhibits LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release, delaying the release of anti-inflammatory cytokine soluble TNF receptor type I.