phosphatidylinositol

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (L-alpha-Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate), serving as a critical phospholipid in cell membranes, functions as a substrate for both phospholipase C (PLC) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), acting as a primary messenger [1] [2] [3].

1. ISOGINKGETIN (4',4'''-Dimethylamentoflavone), a compound derived from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba, to up-regulate adiponectin secretion with potency comparable to that of rosiglitazone, a known modulator of adiponectin production. 2. Isoginkgetin has anti-tumor activity, the mechanistic basis is splicing inhibition , thus, pre-mRNA splicing inhibitors may represent a novel avenue for development of new anti-cancer agents.3. Isoginkgetin can inhibit tumor cell invasion by regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. 4. Isoginkgetin (0.3mg/kg ip for 3d) can reduce the level of O2·- in plasma and erythroeyte and sometimes increase the activity of SOD in anoxic rats, the action being stronger than aspirin.

Psoralidin inhibits Akt phosphorylation and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activation and transcriptionally. Psoralidin possesses anticancer and chemopreventive properties.

Dehydroglyasperin D exhibits anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, antioxidant and anti-aldose reductase effects, it inhibits the proliferation of HT-29 human colorectal cancer cells through direct interaction with phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; it also mediates suppression of both COX-2 expression and the MLK3 signalling pathway through direct binding and inhibition of MLK3. Dehydroglyasperin D shows strong ferric reducing activities and effectively scavenged DPPH, ABTS(+), and singlet oxygen radicals.

Orobol (3’,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxy-isoflavon) is an inhibitor of tyrosine-specific protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol turnover. Orobol inhibits PI3K isoforms with IC50s of 3.46-5.27 μM for PI3K α/β/γ/K/δ. Orobol exhibits anti-skin-aging and anti-obesity effects.