IpaB Protein, Shigella flexneri, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40.6?kDa and the accession number is P18011.

Virulence factor that is important for the establishment of infection in the host. EsxA is required for EsxB synthesis as well as secretion. Modulates host cell apoptotic pathways and mediates together with EsxB the release of S.aureus from the host cell. By acting on apoptosis, plays a role in the modulation of dendritic cell-mediated immunity. EsxA Protein, S. aureus, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.0 kDa and the accession number is Q6GCJ0.

May act as a chaperone that facilitates EspB secretion through an interaction with EccCb1.

PNPLA2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 71.3 kDa and the accession number is Q96AD5.

Plays a role in virulence.

Required for invasion of epithelial cells.

Type III secretion system needle Protein, Burkholderia thailandensis, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 11.9 kDa and the accession number is Q2T727.

Fertility is dependent on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a product of gonadotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and intra-pituitary activins are regarded as the primary drivers of FSH synthesis and secretion. Both stimulate expression of the FSH beta subunit gene (Fshb), although the underlying mechanisms of GnRH action are poorly described relative to those of the activins. FSHB Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 13.58 kDa and the accession number is G7PQH7.

B7-H2, also known as B7-related protein (B7RP1), ICOS Ligand, and CD275, is an approximately 60 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein in the B7 family of immune regulatory molecules. B7-H2 is a ligand for the T-cell-specific cell surface receptor ICOS. Acts as a costimulatory signal for T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion; induces also B-cell proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells. B7-H2/ICOSLG Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.7 kDa and the accession number is XP_005548617.1.

Growth-regulated alpha protein (CXCL1,KC), is a member of the alpha chemokine subfamily, was initially identified as an immediate early gene induced in mouse fibroblasts by platelet-derived growth factor. The N-terminal processed form KC(5-72) of the protein is produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from bone marrow stromal cells, and shows a highly enhanced hematopoietic activity. Mouse KC shows approximately 63% identity to that of mouse MIP-2. KC is also approximately 60% identical to the human GROs. It has been suggested that mouse KC and MIP-2 are the orthologs of the human GROs and rat CINCs. Cxcl1 has chemotactic activity for neutrophils, and contributes to neutrophil activation during inflammation. Hematoregulatory chemokine, in vitro, suppresses hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation.

CHRDL1 (Chordin-like 1) is a secreted protein that acts as an antagonist of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). BMP plays a role as an activator of BMP receptor II (BMPR II), which mediates extracellular to intracellular signal transmission and is involved in carcinogenesis and metastasis.The hypermethylation of the CHRDL1 promoter in gastric cancer, which induced low expression of CHRDL1 and decreased its secretion to the supernatant.

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9(TNFRSF9) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family. It can be induced by lymphocyte activation (ILA) and is expressed by activated T cells, but to a larger extent on CD8 than on CD4 T cells. In addition, TNFRSF9 expression is found on dendritic cells, follicular dendritic cells, natural killer cells, granulocytes and cells of blood vessel walls at sites of inflammation. As receptor for TNFSF9/4-1BBL, it can activate T cells and the cross-linking of this protein can enhance T cell proliferation, IL-2 secretion survival and cytolytic activity. Further, it can enhance immune activity to eliminate tumors in mice.

Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) is a potent survival factor for neurons and oligodendrocytes. CNTF has also been shown to prevent the degeneration of motor axons after axotomy. CNTF is highly conserved across species and exhibits cross-species activities. Human and rat CNTF share approximately 83% homology in their protein sequence. CNTF is structurally related to IL6, IL11, LIF and OSM. All of these four helix bundle cytokines share gp130 as a signal transducing subunit in their receptor complexes. CNTF, like FGF acidic, FGF basic, and PD-ECGF (platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor), does not possess a signal sequence that would allow secretion of the factor by classical secretion pathways. The mechanism underlying the release of CNTF is unknown.

MRAP (Melanocortin 2 Receptor Accessory Protein) is a Protein Coding gene. This gene encodes a melanocortin receptor-interacting protein. It belongs to the MRAP family. MRAP, which contains a single transmembrane domain, has a unique structure, an antiparallel homodimer. MRAP is a single transmembrane domain accessory protein and a critical component of the hypothamo pituitary-adrenal axis. MRAP is highly expressed in the adrenal gland and is essential for adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) receptor expression and function. In adrenal cells, MRAP is essential for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-induced activation of the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) pathway by melanocortin 2 receptor (MC2R), leading to glucocorticoid production and secretion. Diseases associated with MRAP include Glucocorticoid Deficiency 2 and Glucocorticoid Deficiency 1.

Protein kinase C iota type, also known as Atypical protein kinase C-lambda/iota, aPKC-lambda/iota and PRKCI, is a cytoplasm, membrane and nucleus protein which belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family and PKC subfamily. PRKCI contains one AGC-kinase C-terminal domain, one OPR domain, one phorbol-ester/DAG-type zinc finger and one protein kinase domain. PRKCI is predominantly expressed in lung and brain, but also expressed at lower levels in many tissues including pancreatic islets. It is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancers. PRKCI is a calcium-independent, phospholipid-dependent, serine- and threonine-specific kinase. It may play a role in the secretory response to nutrients. PRKCI is involved in cell polarization processes and the formation of epithelial tight junctions. It is implicated in the activation of several signaling pathways including Ras, c-Src and NF-kappa-B pathways. PRKCI functions in both pro- and anti-apoptotic pathways. It functions in the RAC1/ERK signaling required for transformed growth. PRKCI plays a role in microtubule dynamics through interaction with RAB2A and GAPDH and recruitment to vesicular tubular clusters (VTCs). PRKCI might be a target for novel lipid activators that are elevated during nutrient-stimulated insulin secretion.

Tyrosine-protein kinase Blk, also known as B lymphocyte kinase, p55-Blk and BLK, is a member of theprotein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family and SRC subfamily. BLK / p55-Blk is expressed in lymphatic organs, pancreatic islets, Leydig cells, striate ducts of salivary glands and hair follicles. BLK / p55-Blk is a src-family protein tyrosine kinase specifically expressed in B-lineage cells of mice. The early onset of Blk expression during B-cell development in the bone marrow and the high expression levels of Blk in mature B cells suggest a possible important role of Blk in B-cell physiology. It is a modulator of beta-cells function, acting through the up-regulation of PDX1 and NKX6-1 and consequent stimulation of insulin secretion in response to glucose. Defects in BLK are a cause of maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 11 which is a form of diabetes that is characterized by an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance, onset in childhood or early adulthood (usually before 25 years of age), a primary defect in insulin secretion and frequent insulin-independence at the beginning of the disease.

Predominant protein in semen. It participates in the formation of a gel matrix entrapping the accessory gland secretions and ejaculated spermatozoa. Fragments of semenogelin and/or fragments of the related proteins may contribute to the activation of progressive sperm movements as the gel-forming proteins are fragmented by KLK3/PSA.; Alpha-inhibin-92 and alpha-inhibin-31, derived from the proteolytic degradation of semenogelin, inhibit the secretion of pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone. Semenogelin-1/SEMG1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 58.8 kDa and the accession number is P04279.

RNA-binding protein that binds to misfolded non-coding RNAs, pre-5S rRNA, and several small cytoplasmic RNA molecules known as Y RNAs. May stabilize some of these RNAs and protect them from degradation. Binds to endogenous Alu retroelements which are induced by type I interferon and stimulate porinflammaotry cytokine secretion. Regulates the expression of Alu retroelements as well as inflammatory genes.; May play roles in cilia formation and/or maintenance. RO60 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 64.1 kDa and the accession number is P10155.

May play a role in local mechanisms of mucosal immunity and seems to have a proinflammatory function. May play a role in inflammatory bowel disease. Activates STAT1 and STAT3, MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2), JUN and AKT. Induces expression of SOCS3, TNF-alpha and IL-8, secretion of IL-8 and IL-10 and surface expression of ICAM1. Decreases proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells. Is inhibited by heparin. IL-26 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Trx) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-Trx tag. The predicted molecular weight is 35.8 kDa and the accession number is Q9NPH9.

In the cytoplasm, catalyzes the conversion of glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate, the second step in glycolysis, and the reverse reaction during gluconeogenesis. Besides it's role as a glycolytic enzyme, also acts as a secreted cytokine: acts as an angiogenic factor (AMF) that stimulates endothelial cell motility. Acts as a neurotrophic factor, neuroleukin, for spinal and sensory neurons. It is secreted by lectin-stimulated T-cells and induces immunoglobulin secretion. GPI Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 64.6 kDa and the accession number is P06745.

Protein with pleiotropic attributes mediated in a cell-compartment- and tissue-specific manner, which include the plasma membrane-associated cell signaling functions, mitochondrial chaperone, and transcriptional co-regulator of transcription factors in the nucleus. Plays a role in adipose tissue and glucose Homeostasis in a sex-specific manner. Contributes to pulmonary vascular remodeling by accelerating proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells.; In the mitochondria, together with PHB2, forms large ring complexes (prohibitin complexes) in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) and functions as chaperone protein that stabilizes mitochondrial respiratory enzymes and maintains mitochondrial integrity in the IMM, which is required for mitochondrial morphogenesis, neuronal survival, and normal lifespan (Probable). The prohibitin complex, with DNAJC19, regulates cardiolipin remodeling and the protein turnover of OMA1 in a cardiolipin-binding manner. Regulates mitochondrial respiration activity playing a role in cellular aging. The prohibitin complex plays a role of mitophagy receptor involved in targeting mitochondria for autophagic degradation. Involved in mitochondrial-mediated antiviral innate immunity, activates DDX58/RIG-I-mediated signal transduction and production of IFNB1 and proinflammatory cytokine IL6.; In the nucleus, acts as a transcription coregulator, enhances promoter binding by TP53, a transcription factor it activates, but reduces the promoter binding by E2F1, a transcription factor it represses. Interacts with STAT3 to affect IL17 secretion in T-helper Th17 cells.; In the plasma membrane, cooperates with CD86 to mediate CD86-signaling in B lymphocytes that regulates the level of IgG1 produced through the activation of distal signaling intermediates. Upon CD40 engagement, required to activate NF-kappa-B signaling pathway via phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation.; (Microbial infection) In neuronal cells, cell surface-expressed PHB is involved in human enterovirus 71/EV-71 entry into neuronal cells specifically, while membrane-bound mitochondrial PHB associates with the virus replication complex and facilitates viral replication. May serve as a receptor for EV71.

Participates in the innate immune response to microbial agents. Acts via MYD88 and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response. TLR11 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 25.7 kDa and the accession number is Q6R5P0.

Elastase that enhances insulin signaling and might have a physiologic role in cellular glucose metabolism. Circulates in plasma and reduces platelet hyperactivation, triggers both insulin secretion and degradation, and increases insulin sensitivity. CELA2A Protein, Human, Recombinant (E. coli, His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 29.9 kDa and the accession number is P08217.

Elastase that enhances insulin signaling and might have a physiologic role in cellular glucose metabolism. Circulates in plasma and reduces platelet hyperactivation, triggers both insulin secretion and degradation, and increases insulin sensitivity. CELA2A Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in yeast with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.9 kDa and the accession number is P08217.

Atherosclerosis, characterized by the formation of fat-laden plaques, is a chronic inflammatory disease. ABCA1 promotes cholesterol efflux, reduces cellular cholesterol accumulation, and regulates anti-inflammatory activities in an apoA-I- or ANXA1-dependent manner. The latter activity occurs by mediating the efflux of ANXA1, which plays a critical role in anti-inflammatory effects, cholesterol transport, exosome and microparticle secretion, and apoptotic cell clearance. ANXA1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.5 kDa and the accession number is P04083.

The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that is frequently overexpressed by tumours, and mediates proliferation and apoptosis protection. IGF signalling also influences hypoxia signalling, protease secretion, tumour cell motility and adhesion, and thus can affect the propensity for invasion and metastasis. Therefore, the IGF1R is now an attractive anti-cancer treatment target. IGF1R/CD221 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 80.59 kDa (alpha subunit) and 19.28 kDa (beta subunit) and the accession number is G7P9I7.

Atherosclerosis, characterized by the formation of fat-laden plaques, is a chronic inflammatory disease. ABCA1 promotes cholesterol efflux, reduces cellular cholesterol accumulation, and regulates anti-inflammatory activities in an apoA-I- or ANXA1-dependent manner. The latter activity occurs by mediating the efflux of ANXA1, which plays a critical role in anti-inflammatory effects, cholesterol transport, exosome and microparticle secretion, and apoptotic cell clearance. ANXA1 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.69 kDa and the accession number is A0A2K5W030.

B7-H2, also known as B7-related protein (B7RP1), ICOS Ligand, and CD275, is an approximately 60 kDa transmembrane glycoprotein in the B7 family of immune regulatory molecules. B7-H2 is a ligand for the T-cell-specific cell surface receptor ICOS. Acts as a costimulatory signal for T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion; induces also B-cell proliferation and differentiation into plasma cells. B7-H2/ICOSLG Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 29.5 kDa and the accession number is O75144.

The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that is frequently overexpressed by tumours, and mediates proliferation and apoptosis protection. IGF signalling also influences hypoxia signalling, protease secretion, tumour cell motility and adhesion, and thus can affect the propensity for invasion and metastasis. Therefore, the IGF1R is now an attractive anti-cancer treatment target. IGF1R/CD221 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 105.8 kDa (alpha subunit) and 23 kDa (beta subunit) and the accession number is P08069.

CCL28 chemokine is expressed by epithelial cells of various mucosal tissues. This chemokine binds to CCR3 and CCR10 receptors and plays an essential role in the IgA antibody secreting cells (IgA-ASC) homing to mucosal surfaces and lactating mammary gland as well. Besides, CCL28 has been shown to exert a potent antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria and fungi. The potent antimicrobial function of CCL28 combined with its wide distribution in mucosal tissues and secretions suggest that this protein plays an important role in innate immune protection of the epithelial surfaces. CCL28 is a human chemokine constitutively expressed by epithelial cells in diverse mucosal tissues and is known to attract a variety of immune cell types including T-cell subsets and eosinophils. Elevated levels of CCL28 have been found in the airways of individuals with asthma, and previous studies have indicated that CCL28 plays a vital role in the acute development of post-viral asthma. CCL28 presents a novel target for the development of alternative asthma therapeutics. The dental decay of children leads to the secretion of chemokine CCL28, which promotes the secretion of sIgA in saliva. CC chemokine ligand28 (CCL28) has been reported as a severity marker in atopic dermatitis.

Cellular myosin that appears to play a role in cytokinesis, cell shape, and specialized functions such as secretion and capping. Required for cortical actin clearance prior to oocyte exocytosis. Promotes cell motility in conjunction with S100A4. During cell spreading, plays an important role in cytoskeleton reorganization, focal contact formation (in the margins but not the central part of spreading cells), and lamellipodial retraction; this function is mechanically antagonized by MYH10. Myosin-9/MYH9 Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 54.2 kDa and the accession number is P35579.

Mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation enzyme that catalyzes the third step of the beta-oxidation cycle for medium and short-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoAs (C4 to C10). Plays a role in the control of insulin secretion by inhibiting the activation of glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1), an enzyme that has an important role in regulating amino acid-induced insulin secretion. HADH Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 49.0 kDa and the accession number is Q61425.

Required for invasion of epithelial cells, as well as for survival within host cells, escape from endocytic vesicles and subsequent actin-tail formation. Probably regulates the secretion of effectors BipB and BipC and their final integration into the target cell membrane. BipD Protein, Burkholderia pseudomallei, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 41.4 kDa and the accession number is Q3JL26.

Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 6 (FABP6) is cytoplasmic protein that binds long-chain fatty acids and other hydrophobic ligands which belongs to the calycin superfamily. FABP6 expression is restricted in the small intestine to the ileum where it is involved in the enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. FABP6 forms a beta-barrel structure that accommodates the hydrophobic ligand in its interior. Isoform 2 is expressed in colorectal adenocarcinomas and their adjacent normal mucosa (at protein level). Isoform 1 is expressed in the jejunum, ileum, cecum and ascending colon intestine. FABP6 plays a role in fatty acid uptake, transport, and metabolism. FABP6 stimulates gastric acid and pepsinogen secretion. It seems to be able to bind to bile salts and bilirubins.

Cell adhesion molecule 1(CADM1) is a single-pass type I membrane protein and belongs to the nectin family. It contains 2 Ig-like C2-type (immunoglobulin-like) domains and 1 Ig-like V-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. CADM1 acts as a tumor suppressor in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Interaction with CRTAM promotes natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) secretion by CD8+ cells in vitro as well as NK cell-mediated rejection of tumors expressing CADM3 in vivo. CADM1 may contribute to the less invasive phenotypes of lepidic growth tumor cells. In mast cells, it may mediate attachment to and promote communication with nerves. CADM1, together with MITF, is essential for development and survival of mast cells in vivo. The protein acts as a synaptic cell adhesion molecule and plays a role in the formation of dendritic spines and in synapse assembly. It may be involved in neuronal migration, axon growth, pathfinding, and fasciculation on the axons of differentiating neurons. CADM1 may play diverse roles in the spermatogenesis including in the adhesion of spermatocytes and spermatids to Sertoli cells and for their normal differentiation into mature spermatozoa.

Pro-Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a member of the NPY family. NPY is a secreted protein and is one of the most abundant peptides in the nervous system. It also can be found in some chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla. NPY can be cleaved into Neuropeptide Y and C-flanking peptide of NPY chain, which regulates energy usage, and it is involved in learning, memory processing, and epilepsy. NPY is implicated in the control of feeding and in secretion of gonadotrophin-release hormone. In addition, NPY increases the proportion of energy stored as fat and blocks nociceptive signals to the brain.

CD38, also called ADP-ribosyl cyclase, is a Type II integral membrane protein with 301 amino acids in length that belongs to the ADP-ribosyl cyclase family.It synthesizes the second messagers cyclic ADP-ribose and nicotinate-adenine dinucleotide phosphate, the former a second messenger for glucose-induced insulin secretion. And also moonlights as a receptor in cells of the immune system. CD38 is expressed in B and T lymphocytes, osteoclasts, and in cardiac, pancreatic, liver and kidney cells. Through its production of cyclic ADP-ribose, CD38 modulates calcium-mediated signal transduction in many types of cells, including neutrophils and pancreatic beta cells.

T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), also called VSIG9 and Vstm3, is a member of the CD28 family within the Ig superfamily of proteins. TIGIT contains an immunoglobulin variable domain, a transmembrane domain and an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM), and is expressed on regulatory, memory, activated T cells and NK cells. TIGIT binds to CD155(PVR) that appear on dendritic cells (DC), macrophages and endothelium with high affinity, and CD112(PVRL2) with lower affinity, but not CD113 (PVRL3). TIGIT-Fc fusion protein could interact with PVR on DC and enhance the secretion of IL-10, but inhibit the macrophage activation. Mice lacking TIGIT show increased T cell responses and susceptibility to autoimmune challenges, while knockdown of TIGIT with siRNA in human memory T cells did not affect T cell responses.

The potential application of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP) in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes has been controversial. Initial interest in the therapeutic use of GIP was dampened by evidence that its insulinotropic activity was reduced in type 2 diabetes and by reports that it increased glucagon secretion and adipose deposition in non-diabetic individuals. GIP Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 34.3 kDa and the accession number is P48756.

The potential application of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP) in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes has been controversial. Initial interest in the therapeutic use of GIP was dampened by evidence that its insulinotropic activity was reduced in type 2 diabetes and by reports that it increased glucagon secretion and adipose deposition in non-diabetic individuals. GIP Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 8.7 kDa and the accession number is P48756.

Atherosclerosis, characterized by the formation of fat-laden plaques, is a chronic inflammatory disease. ABCA1 promotes cholesterol efflux, reduces cellular cholesterol accumulation, and regulates anti-inflammatory activities in an apoA-I- or ANXA1-dependent manner. The latter activity occurs by mediating the efflux of ANXA1, which plays a critical role in anti-inflammatory effects, cholesterol transport, exosome and microparticle secretion, and apoptotic cell clearance. ANXA1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.6 kDa and the accession number is P10107.

Fertility is dependent on follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), a product of gonadotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and intra-pituitary activins are regarded as the primary drivers of FSH synthesis and secretion. Both stimulate expression of the FSH beta subunit gene (Fshb), although the underlying mechanisms of GnRH action are poorly described relative to those of the activins. FSHB Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.2 kDa and the accession number is Q60687.

CD300C is a single-pass type I membrane protein which belongs to the immunoregulatory signaling (IRS) family. CD300C contains one Ig-like V-type domain and is present on the surface of natural killer cells, granulocytes, most myeloid cells, dendritic cells, and a subpopulation of T and B lymphocytes. The CD300C (CMRF-35A) and CD300A (CMRF-35H) molecules are homologous leukocyte surface proteins. CD300a and CD300C play an important role in the cross-regulation of TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha secretion from pDCs. CD300A and CD300C are indistinguishable on the surface of NK cells. The ligand for CD300C is presently unknown.

The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that is frequently overexpressed by tumours, and mediates proliferation and apoptosis protection. IGF signalling also influences hypoxia signalling, protease secretion, tumour cell motility and adhesion, and thus can affect the propensity for invasion and metastasis. Therefore, the IGF1R is now an attractive anti-cancer treatment target. IGF1R/CD221 Protein, Human, Recombinant (aa 31-932, His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 105.8 kDa (alpha subunit) and 23 kDa (beta subunit) and the accession number is P08069.

The potential application of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP) in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes has been controversial. Initial interest in the therapeutic use of GIP was dampened by evidence that its insulinotropic activity was reduced in type 2 diabetes and by reports that it increased glucagon secretion and adipose deposition in non-diabetic individuals. GIP Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 9.2 kDa and the accession number is P09681.

Kallikrein-4, also known as Enamel matrix serine proteinase 1, Kallikrein-like protein 1, KLK-L1, Serine protease 17, KLK4, PRSS17, and EMSP1, is a secreted protein that belongs to the peptidase S1 family and Kallikrein subfamily. Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 is a serine protease expressed during enamel maturation, and proteolytic processing of the enamel matrix by KLK4 is critical for proper enamel formation. Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 contains one peptidase S1 domain. Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 is secreted by transition- and maturation-stage ameloblasts. KLK4 aggressively degrades the retained organic matrix following the termination of enamel protein secretion. Two proteases are secreted into the enamel matrix of developing teeth. The early protease is enamelysin (MMP-2). The late protease is kallikrein 4 (KLK4). The principal functions of MMP-2 and KLK4 in dental enamel formation are to facilitate the orderly replacement of organic matrix with mineral, generating an enamel layer that is harder, less porous, and unstained by retained enamel proteins. Defects in Kallikrein-4 / KLK4 are the cause of Amelogenesis Imperfecta Hypomaturation type 2A1 (AI2A1) which is an autosomal recessive defect of enamel formation. The disorder involves both primary and secondary dentitions.

Pancreatic derived factor, also known as FAM3B, is an islet-specific secreted cytokine specifically expressed at high levels in the islets of Langerhans of the endocrine pancreas. FAM3B protein is present in alpha- and beta- cells of pancreatic islets, insulin-secreting beta-TC3 cells, and glucagon-secreting alpha-TC cells. FAM3B causes apoptosis of beta-cells as assessed by electron microscopy, annexin Ⅴ fluorescent staining, and flow-cytometric terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay. FAM3B activated caspase-3 while not affect cytosolic Ca2+levels or nitric oxide levels. Hense, FAM3B may have a role in the process of pancreatic?-cell apoptosis of primary islet and cell lines. FAM3B secretion is regulated by glucose and other insulin secretagogues. This islet-specific secreted cytokine is secreted from both pancreatic alpha- and beta- cells. Glucose stimulates FAM3B secretion dose dependently in beta- cell lines and primary islets but not in alpha-cells. It is likely cosecreted with insulin via the same regulatory mechanisms and structure and conformation is vital for FAM3B secretion.

Syntaxin-binding protein 3, also known as Platelet Sec1 protein, Protein unc-18 homolog 3, Protein unc-18 homolog C, Unc-18C, Unc18-3 and STXBP3, is a cytoplasm protein which belongs to the STXBP/unc-18/SEC1 family. STXBP3 is expressed in cells that exhibit granule exocytosis, such as neutrophils, mast cells, platelets and endothelial cells. STXBP3, together with STX4 and VAMP2, may play a role in insulin-dependent movement of GLUT4 and in docking / fusion of intracellular GLUT4-containing vesicles with the cell surface in adipocytes. STXBP3 participates in the consolidation and secretion of secondary and tertiary granules. STXBP3 contains one SEC1 domain. Phosphorylation at Ser129 may stimulate granule release. Human STXBP3 shares 9% aa identity with mouse STXBP3. STXBP3 interacts with DOC2B; the interaction is direct, occurs at the cell membrane, excludes interaction with STX4 and regulates glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Interacts with STX4.

Guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP-1) is a member of the GBP family whose members are GTPases induced in response to interferon-λ (IFN-λ), with seven highly homologous members in humans, termed HuGBP-1 to HuGBP-7. GBP-1 expression is induced by type1 and type2 interferons, including IFN-λ and also by interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-1α, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). GBP-1 is key to the protective immunity against microbial and viral pathogens. GBP-1 was only secreted from endothelial cells. Secretion occurred without the presence of a leader peptide. Secretion procession is a nonclassical, likely ABC transporter-dependent, pathway and independent of GBP-1 GTPase activity and isoprenylation, and did not require additional interferon-λ-induced factors. Clinically most important was the detection of significantly increased GBP-1 concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis as compared to control patients.

Glucokinase belongs to the bacterial glucokinase family. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. Alternative splicing of this gene results in three tissue-specific forms of glucokinase, one found in pancreatic islet beta cells and two found in liver. The protein localizes to the outer membrane of mitochondria. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. Mutations in this gene have been associated with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), maturity onset diabetes of the young, type 2 (MODY2) and persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI). It can Catalyzes the initial step in utilization of glucose by the beta-cell and liver at physiological glucose concentration. Glucokinase has a high Km for glucose, and so it is effective only when glucose is abundant. The role of GCK is to provide G6P for the synthesis of glycogen. Pancreatic glucokinase plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion. Hepatic glucokinase helps to facilitate the uptake and conversion of glucose by acting as an insulin-sensitive determinant of hepatic glucose usage. It has a pivotal role as glucose sensor of the pancreatic beta-cells. Glucokinase explains the capacity, hexose specificity, affinities, sigmoidicity, and anomeric preference of pancreatic islet glycolysis, and because stimulation of glucose metabolism is a prerequisite of glucose stimulation of insulin release, glucokinase also explains many characteristics of this beta-cell function. Glucokinase of the beta-cell is induced or activated by glucose in contrast to liver glucokinase, which is regulated by insulin. Tissue-specific regulation corresponds with observations that liver and pancreatic beta-cell glucokinase are structurally distinct. Glucokinase could play a glucose-sensor role in hepatocytes as well, and certain forms of diabetes mellitus might be due to glucokinase deficiencies in pancreatic beta-cells, hepatocytes, or both.