NEP, a turn-on fluorescent probe employing the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism, facilitates the detection of vicinal dithiol-containing proteins (VDPs). Notably, NEP exhibits exceptional selectivity towards VDPs in live cells and in vivo and manifests a robust green fluorescence signal at λ ex /λ em =430/535 nm. Furthermore, NEP bears promise for the potential diagnosis and study of parkinsonism.

Di-4-ANEPPS, a voltage-sensitive dye, is utilized for detecting membrane potential changes, offering a time resolution under 1 ms and fluorescence variations up to 10% per 100 mV. Widely used for cardiac electrical activity mapping, Di-4-ANEPPS also shows a marked irreversible impact on both spontaneous heart rate and ventricular impulse conduction within an isolated rabbit heart model [1].

Benzenepentacarboxylic Acid (Pentacarboxybenzene) is a novel fluorescent probe to detect and scavenge HO-. Benzenepentacarboxylic acid is utilized to prove and detect the generation of HO- in H2O2/TAED and H2O2/TBCC alkali systems.

Di-8-ANEPPS, a voltage-sensitive dye, demonstrates shifts in both its fluorescence excitation and emission spectra in response to changes in membrane potential (Vm).