TRPV1-Tat, a peptide antagonist targeting transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), is composed of amino acids 736-745 derived from TRPV1's A-kinase anchor protein (AKAP)-binding domain, combined with the HIV Tat-derived cell-penetrating peptide sequence. At a concentration of 200 µM, TRPV1-Tat effectively inhibits heat or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA014)-induced currents in primary mouse dorsal root ganglia via whole-cell patch-clamp assays. Additionally, when administered at dosages of 10 or 30 µM, it elevates the mechanical pain threshold in the hind paws of rats.

N-Oleoyl glutamine is an endogenous N-acyl amine.1,2It is both formed and degraded by peptidase M20 domain-containing 1 (PM20D1), a factor secreted by thermogenic adipose cells. N-Oleoyl glutamine (50 μM) induces mitochondrial uncoupling to increase respiration in C2C12 cells by 64%.3It inhibits capsaicin-induced calcium flux in HEK293A cells co-transfected with transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and red fluorescent protein (RFP).2N-Oleoyl glutamine (100 mg/kg) reduces the number of acetic acid-induced abdominal constrictions, as well as formalin-induced paw licking in mice.

Vanilloid TRPV1 (VR1) receptor antagonist peptide (IC50 ~ 0.1 μM); blocks Ca2+ currents in dorsal root ganglion neurons. Analgesic in vivo.

Tat-AKAP79 (326-336) is a peptide that links the HIV-1 Tat protein transduction domain with an 11-amino acid sequence from A-kinase anchor protein 79 (AKAP79). This compound effectively inhibits the activation-induced sensitization by protein kinase A (PKA) or PKC of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) at a concentration of 200 µM in isolated rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Additionally, it mitigates nocifensive behavior in mice elicited by formalin or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA014), enhances latency for paw withdrawal from radiant heat, and raises the mechanical threshold force required for paw withdrawal in a carrageenan-induced mouse model of inflammatory pain.

Selective ASIC1a inhibitor (IC50 values are 192 and 72 nM for human ASIC1a and ASIC1a/1b dimer, respectively). Binds to closed/inactive channel. Selective for ASIC1a over ASIC2a, ASIC3, TRPV1, P2X2, 5-HT3, Nav1.8, Cav3.2 and Kv1.2 channels. Increases late

L-R4W2 TFA acts as a potent antagonist of vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1, TRPV1), demonstrating significant inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 0.1 μM. This compound potentially offers powerful analgesic properties [1] [2].

Mambalgin 1 TFA, a selective inhibitor of ASIC1a (with IC50 values of 192 nM for human ASIC1a and 72 nM for the ASIC1a/1b dimer), preferentially binds to the channel in its closed/inactive state. It demonstrates selectivity for ASIC1a over a range of other channels, including ASIC2a, ASIC3, TRPV1, P2X2, 5-HT3, Nav1.8, Cav3.2, and Kv1.2. In vivo, Mambalgin 1 TFA effectively prolongs the latency of the withdrawal response in mouse tail-flick and paw-flick tests.

(Thr4,Gly7)-Oxytocin, an analogue of Oxytocin and a specific OT receptor agonist, not only activates TRPV1 channels to excite subicular neurons but also reduces the activity of potassium (K+) channels. [1] [2].