Antifection

beta-Amyrone (β-Amyron) has antifungal activity against Chikungunya virus replication with an EC50 of 86 uM. beta-Amyrone has anti-inflammatory activity through inhibiting the expression of COX-2. beta-Amyrone exhibits anti-α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and moderate AChE activity. β-Amyrone can be used in the research of disease like inflammation, infection, and obesity.

Azadirachtin B (Deacetylazadirachtinol) is a terpenoid compound isolated from Azadirachta seeds, with insecticidal, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiviral activities, useful in the study of viral infections. Azadirachtin B also has osteoblast proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization properties.

Metronidazole (Metronidazol) is a synthetic nitroimidazole derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activities.

Voriconazole (UK-109496) is a triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 [CYP3A].

Deoxylapachol has anti-wood rot activity, it can inhibit the brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum sepiarium CBS 353.74 and Gloeophyllum trabeum CBS 318.50 and the white rot fungi Merulius tremellosus CBS 280.73 and Phlebia brevispora CBS 509.92. It also can induc

Fluconazole (UK-49858) is a triazole antifungal agent used to treat oropharyngeal candidiasis and cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS.

Hydrangenol is a natural product and can be isolated from Hydrangea serrata leaves. Hydrangenol is an antiphotoaging compound with oral activity. Hydrangenol can reduce MMP and inflammatory cytokine expression and increase moisturizing factors and antioxidant genes level, result in preventing wrinkle formation.

Clitorin has free radical scavenging property. It shows significant interactions with CD38, it may have anti-hyperglycemic potential.

Primin is a natural product stored in trichomes on the leaves and stems of Primula obconica, exhibiting antimycobacterial and strong antineoplastic actions.

3-O-Feruloylquinic acid is a protease inhibitor, it exerts moderate inhibitory effect against AIV (H5N1) in vitro.

1. Dehydroabietic acid (Dehydroabietate) (DAA) is an EBV-EA activation inhibitor. 2. DAA is a useful food-derived compound for treating obesity-related diseases, by decreasing plasma glucose, insulin levels, plasma triglyceride (TG) , and hepatic TG levels. 3. DAA derivatives displays anti-secretory and anti-pepsin effect in animal models.

Garcinone C is a xanthone derivative extracted from Garcinia oblongifolia Champ with anti-inflammatory, astringency, and granulation-promoting activities. Garcinone C is an AChE inhibitor and has potential cytotoxic effects on certain cancers.

Altenuene is a mycotoxin, it frequently occurs in food and feed items infested by fungi of the genus Alternaria. Altenuene demonstrates moderate activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Altenuene also exhibits cytotoxic activity against lung cancer cell li

Hamamelitannin has cytotoxic, and antibiofilm activities. It increases the susceptibility of S. aureus to antibiotic treatment in in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse mammary gland infection models. It also has a high protective activity on cell damag

L-Lysine (Aminutrin) is one of nine essential amino acids in humans required for growth and tissue repair, Lysine is supplied by many foods, especially red meats, fish, and dairy products. Lysine seems to be active against herpes simplex viruses and present in many forms of diet supplements. The mechanism underlying this effect is based on the viral need for amino acid arginine; lysine competes with arginine for absorption and entry into cells. Lysine inhibits HSV growth by knocking out arginine.

Ganciclovir (2'-Nor-2'-deoxyguanosine) is an ACYCLOVIR analog that is a potent inhibitor of the Herpesvirus family including cytomegalovirus. Ganciclovir is used to treat complications from AIDS-associated cytomegalovirus infections.

Carabrone, a botanical bicyclic sesquiterpenic lactone, is a promising fungicidal agent that can effectively control G. tritici.

Kaempferol-7,4'-dimethyl ether, isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber phillipseae, exhibits antioxidant activity against S. aureus and E. coli with MICs of 200 and 225 μg ml, respectively.

Clotrimazole (FB 5097), an imidazole derivative with a broad spectrum of antimycotic activity, inhibits biosynthesis of the sterol ergostol.

Veraguensin is derived from Magnolia sp.. Veraguensin inhibits bone resorption and shows high antileishmanial activity.

Eprociclovir (A-5021) is a novel acyclovir analog that is a potent inhibitor of EHV1 replication and may be used for the treatment and or prevention of infections with this virus.Eprociclovir has potent anti-herpetic activity against most human herpesviruses.

(2S)-2'-Methoxykurarinone is isolated from the roots of Sophora flavescens. (2S)-2'-Methoxykurarinone has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antidiabetic, and antineoplastic effects. (2S)-2'-Methoxykurarinone inhibits osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption through down-regulation of RANKL signaling. (2S)-2'-Methoxykurarinone displays cytotoxic activity against human myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells.

Cefmenoxime hydrochloride (Cefmenoxime hemihydrochloride) is a cephalosporin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. It is active against most common gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, is a potent inhibitor of Enterobacteriaceae, and is highly resistant to hydrolysis by beta-lactamases. The drug has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date, no severe side effects have been noted.

Oxiconazole nitrate (Ro 13-8996) is the nitrate salt form of oxiconazole, a broad-spectrum imidazole derivative with antifungal activity. Likely inhibiting cytochrome P450-dependent demethylation of lanosterol, it prevents ergosterol synthesis, a crucial component of the fungal cell membrane. This disruption of membrane synthesis and integrity alters permeability, promotes loss of essential intracellular components, and inhibits fungal cell growth.

Cefepime Dihydrochloride Monohydrate (Cefepime HCl) is the hydrochloride salt of a semi-synthetic, beta-lactamase-resistant, fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic derived from an Acremonium fungal species with broad-spectrum bactericidal activity.

Lariciresinol is an enterolignan precursor, it possesses fungicidal activities by disrupting the fungal plasma membrane and therapeutic potential as a novel antifungal agent for the treatment of fungal infectious diseases in humans. Dietary lariciresinol

Colutehydroquinone is an antifungal isoflavonoid from Colutea arborescens.

Tivicilovir (AM188) is a hepatitis B virus inhibitor. tiviclovir is a guanine-related acyclic 2'-deoxyguanine analogue with anti-herpesvirus activity.

Pinocembrin chalcone is an inhibitor of tyrosinase with antimutagenic effects. Pinocembrin chalcone can be used in studies about the prevention of gastric ulcers.

1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronorharman-1-one (L-Oxonoreleagnine) is isolated from the Indonesian marine sponge [Acanthostrongylophora ingens].

Magnolioside has anti-plasmodial activity, shows notable growth inhibitory activity against chloroquine-sensitive strains of P. falciparum. It also shows a moderate antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus CIP 53.154.Magnolioside exhibits significant neuroprotective activities against glutamate-induced toxicity.

Econazole ((±)-Econazol) is an imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.

Idoxuridine (Dendrid) is an analog of DEOXYURIDINE that inhibits viral DNA synthesis. The drug is used as an antiviral agent.

Neochamaejasmine B displays nematicidal activity against both Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Bursaphelenchus mucronatus.

Totarol ((+)-Totarol) shows antibacterial effects against several pathogenic Gram-positive bacteria, mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Terconazole (Terazol 7) is a synthetic triazole derivative structurally related to fluconazole, antifungal Terconazole seems to disrupt cell wall synthesis by inhibiting biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell membrane, altering its permeability, and promoting loss of essential intracellular elements. Terconazole is active against Candida sp.

Chlorhexidine diacetate (Bactigras) is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

Chlorhexidine (Rotersept) is a biguanide compound used as an antiseptic agent with topical antibacterial activity. Chlorhexidine is positively charged and reacts with the negatively charged microbial cell surface, thereby destroying the integrity of the cell membrane. Subsequently, chlorhexidine penetrates into the cell and causes leakage of intracellular components leading to cell death. Since gram-positive bacteria are more negatively charged, they are more sensitive to this agent.

Penciclovir (BRL 39123) is a Herpesvirus Nucleoside Analog DNA Polymerase Inhibitor. In HSV infected cells, penciclovir is phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase and subsequently converted by cellular kinases into the active metabolite, penciclovir triphosphate, which competitively inhibits viral HSV polymerase by blocking deoxyguanosine triphosphate substrate binding. As a result, herpes viral DNA synthesis and replication are selectively inhibited.

Dehydroabietinol (Pomiferin A) inhibits growth of chloroquine-sensitive as well as chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum cultivated in erythrocytes in vitro (IC 50 26-27 microM).

Arjungenin, a triterpene derived from Terminalia arjuna, exhibits insect feeding-deterrent and growth inhibitory properties.

Xanthopurpurin shows antiviral activity. Xanthopurpurin can effectively inhibit rotavirus multiplication by promoting virus-induced apoptosis in MA-104 cells. Xanthopurpurin shows mainly strong inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregation.

Desciclovir (DCV), a prodrug of the antiherpetic agent acyclovir (ACV), is converted in humans to ACV, presumably by xanthine oxidase.

Azadirachtin has antifungal activity, used as an insecticide.

Miconazole (R18134) is an imidazole antifungal agent used both topically and via intravenous infusion.

α-Lapachone has antineoplastic activity, it shows an approximately trypanocidal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi.

Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (NSC-185) is a disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.

(-)-Corynoxidine is an AChE inhibitor derived from tubers of Stephania succifera. Corynoxidine exhibits antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains in different degrees.