imidazole

5-Amino-3H-imidazole-4-Carboxamide (AICA) is an imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.

5,6-Dimethyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole) is an intermediate in Riboflavin metabolism. Dimethylbenzimidazole is the second to last step for the synthesis of alpha-Ribazole. It is converted from Riboflavin then it is converted to N1-(5-Phospho-alpha-D-ribosyl)-5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole via the enzyme nicotinate-nucleotide--dimethylbenzimidazole phosphoribosyltransferase (EC 2.4.2.21).

2,4,5-Tribromoimidazole (2,4,5-Tribromo-1H-imidazole) is a marine derived natural products found in Hexaplex trunculus.

5-[(1H-indol-3-yl)methylidene]imidazolidine-2,4-dione ((4Z)-4-(1H-indol-3-ylmethylidene)-4H-imidazole-2,5-diol) is a marine derived natural products found in Leptopsammia pruvoti.

Nocarimidazole A, a white amorphous solid alkaloid exhibiting ultraviolet activity, can be isolated from the marine actinomycete Nocardiopsis [1] [2].

Imidazoleacetic acid, an endogenous ligand, stimulates imidazole receptors.

Imidazoleacetic acid hydrochloride (I4AA) is an imidazole derivative with potential antituberculosis properties. It also used in the preparation of acyl guanidine inhibitors of β-secretase.

2-Aminoimidazole is a potent antibiofilm agent and adjuvant to antimicrobial treatments, which effectively disrupts bacterial self-protection mechanisms by inhibiting biofilm formation and genetically-encoded antibiotic resistance traits. Additionally, 2-Aminoimidazole acts as a weak noncompetitive inhibitor of human arginase I, with a Ki value of 3.6 mM[1][2][3].

Pi-Methylimidazoleacetic acid is a potential neurotoxin.

Econazole ((±)-Econazol) is an imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.

Spinacine has been isolated from spinach and the roots of Panax ginseng. This conformationally constrained amino acid is a structural element in certain biologically active compounds as glucagon antagonists and angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Spinacine can be inserted as a His replacement with a locked imidazole moiety for elucidating the role of the lateral heterocycle in the activity of a peptide.

Purine (7H-Imidazo(4,5-d)pyrimidine) is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound, consisting of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring. Two of the bases in nucleic acids, adenine and guanine, are purines. Purines from food (or from tissue turnover) are metabolised by several enzymes, including xanthine oxidase, into uric acid. High levels of uric acid can predispose to gout when the acid crystalises in joints; this phenomenon only happens in humans and some animal species (e.g. dogs) that lack an intrinsic uricase enzyme that can further degrade uric acid.

Histidine (abbreviated as His or H) is an alpha-amino acid. The L-isomer is one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. It is classified as a charged, polar because of the hydrophilic nature of the imidazole side chain.

Miconazole nitrate (R18134 nitrate), an imidazole antifungal agent, selectively affects the integrity of fungal cell membranes, high in ergosterol content and different in composition from mammalian cells membranes.

Tioconazole (Vagistat) is a synthetic imidazole derivative, inhibits cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol or other sterols, damaging the fungal cell membrane, altering its permeability, and promoting loss of essential intracellular elements.