catalytic

2-((2,2-Dibenzylhydrazineylidene)methyl)pyridine (2-[(1E)-(dibenzylhydrazin-1-ylidene)methyl]pyridine) is a heterocyclic compound. It inhibits monoamine oxidase, resulting in elevated monoamine levels in the body. It can also inhibit adenosine deaminase, resulting in elevated levels of adenosine in the body. It can also increase the activity of certain neurotransmitters, including serotonin and dopamine.

2,2'-Bipyridine is a unique bioactive natural product molecular scaffold commonly used in the core structure of many chelating ligands. 2,2'-Bipyridine acts as a bridge in the arrangement of the catalytic center. 2,2'-Bipyridine has good redox stability and glycemic activity.

Idelalisib (GS-1101) is a small molecule inhibitor of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110δ (IC50: 2.5 nM). The selectivity for p110δ is 40- to 300-fold than p110α β γ.

Ac-Ala-OH (N-Acetyl-L-alanine) is a substrate for Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) gamma-2 subunit, Myelin basic protein, GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran, Tropomyosin alpha 4 chain, HIV-1 Rev binding protein 2, Xaa-Pro dipeptidase, Thymosin beta-10, Actin-like protein 3, Alanine aminotransferase, Serine/threonine protein Phosphatase PP1-beta catalytic subunit,10 kDa heat shock protein (mitochondrial), Calmodulin and Beta-1-syntrophin.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-Glucopyranoside (4-MU-GLU) is used in the GCase activity assay based on the catalytic hydrolysis of 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-glucopyranoside that releases the highly fluorescent 4-methylumbelliferyl (4-MU).

2-Bromo-4'-hydroxyacetophenone(PTP Inhibitor I) is a cell-permeable, protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) inhibitor that covalently blocks the catalytic domain of the Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP-1(ΔSH2)) with a Ki value of 43 μM and PTP1B with a Ki value of 42 μM [1]. SHP-1 and PTP1B both have known roles in regulating insulin signaling as well as myeloid and lymphoid cell differentiation, making inhibitors of these phosphatases of interest in diabetes, cancer, allergy, and inflammation research [2].

Tempo (2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidinooxy) has a wide range of applications including use as a free radical scavenger, a reagent in organic synthesis and as a structural probe in electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

Neocuproine is a copper(I) chelator that enhances the purinergic component of vasoconstriction induced by electric field stimulation, and is often used as a ligand reagent and copper ion detector.Neocuproine forms stable complexes with copper ions and can play a catalytic role in certain chemical reactions and analytical methods.Neocuproine acts as a redox-active on the iron and cobalt ligand platform for protection against oxidative damage in NSC34 cells.

PTP inhibitor 1 is an inhibitor of cell-permeable protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) that covalently binds the catalytic domain of the Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase (SHP-1(ΔSH2)),with Ki of128 μM.

BMS-345541 (IKK Inhibitor III) is a highly selective inhibitor of the catalytic subunits of IKK-2 and IKK-1 with IC50 of 0.3 μM and 4 μM, respectively.

5-Iodo-indirubin-3'-monoxime is a potent inhibitor of GSK-3β, CDK5 P25, and CDK1 cyclin B, competing with ATP for binding to the catalytic site of the kinase (IC50s: 9, 20, and 25 nM).

BLU0588 is a selective PRKACA inhibitor. BLU0588 inhibits PRKACA catalytic activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1 nM.

Pictilisib (GDC-0941) (GDC-0941) is a potent pan inhibitor of class I catalytic subunits of PI3K (IC50s: 3 33 3 75 nM for p110α β δ γ).

FT671 is a non-covalent and selective inhibitor of USP7 (IC50: 52 nM) It also binds to the USP7 catalytic domain (Kd: 65 nM).

NKH477 is a novel water-soluble forskolin derivative that improves cardiac failure mainly through its beneficial effects on diastolic cardiac function. NKH477 shows an antiproliferative effect in vivo with an altered cytokine profile to inhibit the acute

Talabostat (PT100, Val-boroPro) is a potent, nonselective and orally available dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor with a Ki of 0.18 nM. Talabostat is a nonselective DPP-IV inhibitor, inhibiting DPP8/9, FAP, DPP2 and some other DASH family enzymes essentially as potently as it inhibits DPP-IV[1]. Talabostat stimulates the immune system by triggering a proinflammatory form of cell death in monocytes and macrophages known as pyroptosis. The inhibition of two serine proteases, DPP8 and DPP9, activates the proprotein form of caspase-1 independent of the inflammasome adaptor ASC[2]. Talabostat competitively inhibits the dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP) activity of FAP and CD26/DPP-IV, and there is a high-affinity interaction with the catalytic site due to the formation of a complex between Ser630/624 and the boron of talabostat[3]. Talabostat can stimulate immune responses against tumors involving both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system. In WEHI 164 fibrosarcoma and EL4 and A20/2J lymphoma models, PT-100 causes regression and rejection of tumors. The antitumor effect appears to involve tumor-specific CTL and protective immunological memory. Talabostat treatment of WEHI 164-inoculated mice increases mRNA expression of cytokines and chemokines known to promote T-cell priming and chemoattraction of T cells and innate effector cells[3]. Talabostat treated mice show significant less fibrosis and FAP expression is reduced. Upon PT100 treatment, significant differences in the MMP-12, MIP-1α, and MCP-3 mRNA expression levels in the lungs are also observed. Treatment with PT100 in this murine model of pulmonary fibrosis has an anti-fibro-proliferative effect and increases macrophage activation[4]. [1]. Connolly BA, et al. Dipeptide boronic acid inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV: determinants of potencyand in vivo efficacy and safety. J Med Chem. 2008 Oct 9;51(19):6005-13. [2]. Okondo MC, et al. DPP8 and DPP9 inhibition induces pro-caspase-1-dependent monocyte and macrophage pyroptosis. Nat Chem Biol. 2017 Jan;13(1):46-53. [3]. Adams S, et al. PT-100, a small molecule dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor, has potent antitumor effects and augments antibody-mediated cytotoxicity via a novel immune mechanism. Cancer Res. 2004 Aug 1;64(15):5471-80. [4]. Egger C, et al. Effects of the fibroblast activation protein inhibitor, PT100, in a murine model of pulmonary fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol. 2017 Aug 15;809:64-72.

YMU1 is a human thymidylate kinase (hTMPK) inhibitor. YMU1 stabilizes the conformation of ligand-induced degradation (LID) region of hTMPK and blocks the catalytic site or ATP-binding site.

FCPR03 is a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) with IC50s of 31 nM, 47 nM, and 60 nM for PDE4B1, PDE4D7, and PDE4 catalytic domain, respectively. FCPR03 has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant-like effects.

NBDHEX is a potent inhibitor of glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GSTP1-1) .

GNE-6640 is a non-covalent inhibitor targeting ubiquitin specific peptidase 7 (USP7), exhibiting IC50 values of 0.75 μM for full-length USP7, 0.43 μM for the USP7 catalytic domain, 20.3 μM for full-length USP43, and 0.23 μM for Ub-MDM2, respectively.

BIX02188 is a specific MEK5 inhibitor (IC50: 4.3 nM), also inhibits ERK5 catalytic activity (IC50: 810 nM), and does not inhibit closely related kinases MEK1 2, JNK2, and ERK2.

L82-G17 is an uncompetitive LigI-selective inhibitor in human cells with utility as a probe of the catalytic activity and cellular functions of LigI.

L002, a potent, cell-permeable, reversible, and specific acetyltransferase p300 (KAT3B) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.98 μM, directly binds the acetyl-CoA pocket and competitively inhibits the FATp300 catalytic domain. By blocking histone acetylation, p53 acetylation, and STAT3 activation, L002 shows potential in the treatment of hypertension‐induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrogenesis.

N-tert-butyl-α-Phenylnitrone ((Z)-N-benzylidene-2-Methylpropan-2-aMine oxide) inhibits COX2 catalytic activity. N-tert-butyl-α-Phenylnitrone((Z)-N-benzylidene-2-Methylpropan-2-aMine oxide) possesses potent reactive oxygen species scavenging, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anti-aging, and anti-diabetic activities, and can penetrate the blood-brain barrier.

Norbenzetimide, an organic compound, is prepared from benzetimide by catalytic transfer hydrogenolysis.

Edrophonium chloride is an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor that is known to prevent the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine by binding specifically to its catalytic site.

PIK-108 is an allosteric inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunits β and δ (PI3Kβ/δ).

HA 155 (Autotaxin Inhibitor IV) is a boronic acid-based compound, inhibiting ATX with IC50 of 5.7 nM by selectively binding to its catalytic threonine.

MAT2A inhibitor 4 is an inhibitor of the catalytic subunit of methionine S-adenosyltransferase-2, which is used in cancer research.

CD73-IN-8, a potent CD73 inhibitor, prevents the catalytic activity of CD73, an enzyme responsible for converting extracellular 5'-phosphate adenosine (5'-AMP) to adenosine. Adenosine, once produced, can induce immunosuppressive effects and facilitate tumor proliferation and/or metastasis. Therefore, CD73-IN-8 holds promise in the development of therapeutic interventions for tumor-related diseases[1].

Guajadial B acts as a Top1 catalytic inhibitor and delays Top1 poison-mediated DNA damage. Guajadial B shows cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines, it is the most effective having an IC50 value of 150 nM toward A549 cells.

Motuporin is an inhibitor of type-1 and type-2A protein phosphatase catalytic subunits (PP-1c and PP-2Ac).

NU/ICRF 500 is a novel anthracenyl-amino acid catalytic inhibitor of topoisomerase II.

Cytostatin is a natural antitumor inhibitor of cell adhesion to extracellular matrix, blocking adhesion of B16 melanoma cells to laminin and collagen type IV in vitro (IC50s = 1.3 and 1.4 μg/ml, respectively) and B16 cells metastatic activity in mice. It induces apoptosis of FS3 mouse fibrosarcoma cells (IC50 = 3.1 μg/ml). Cytostatin potently and selectively inhibits protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A; IC50 = 29 nM against the catalytic subunit), while having no effect against PP1, PP2B, or PP5.

Guajadial C acts as a Top1 catalytic inhibitor and can delay Top1 poison-mediated DNA damage. It shows cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines.

Abelacimab (MAA868), a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody, targets and binds with high affinity to FXI's catalytic structural domain. This interaction ensures FXI remains in its zymogen form, effectively inhibiting activation by FXIIa or thrombin. Such a mechanism underscores Abelacimab's potential application in thromboembolic disease research [1] [2].

UC-857993, a selective SOS1-Ras inhibitor (Kd=14.7 μM, His6-SOS1cat), effectively suppresses catalytic activity. In addition to inhibiting ERK and Ras activation, it also hampers the growth of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs).

Mf 268 is a pseudo-reversible carbamate-type inhibitor which interacts with the catalytic and regulatory anionic site of the enzyme.

Dezapelisib is an orally bioavailable, selective inhibitor of the delta isoform of the 110 kDa catalytic subunit of class I phosphoinositide-3 kinases (PI3K). INCB040093 prevents both the production of the second messenger phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisp

(E)-Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol is a potent dual inhibitor of hCA IX and hCA XII, effectively impeding the catalytic activity of both carbonic anhydrase isoforms. Additionally, (E)-Dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol exerts inhibitory effects on the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in the connective tissue of the healing area.

Fulvic Acid is a natural product of humus produced by microorganisms in soil, sediment or aquatic environments. Fulvic acid is a phenolic acid and fungal metabolite isolated from Penicillium for the first time. Fulvic Acid inhibits the dimerization of amyloid b (17-42) (AB17-42), destroys the pre-formed trimer of AB17-42, and binds to the catalytic site of phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A), which can regulate the body's immune system, affect the oxidation state of cells, and improve gastrointestinal function. Fulvic Acid can be used as an oxidant or reducing agent and has the potential to study chronic inflammatory diseases such as diabetes.

BAY-524 is an inhibitor of Bub1(IC50 = 450 nM.human Bub1 in the presence of 2 mM ATP).

CHD1Li 6.11 is a potent inhibitor of oncogenic CHD1L, acting on the cat-CHD1L recombinant protein (IC50: 3.3 μM). CHD1Li 6.11 is an orally active antitumour agent that significantly reduces the tumour volume of CRC xenografts generated from isolated quasi-mesenchymal cells (M phenotype) with enhanced tumourigenic properties. These cells have enhanced tumourigenic properties.

Pol I-IN-1 is a potent inhibitor of RNA polymerase I (Pol I), specifically targeting the large catalytic subunit RPA194, with an inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.21 μM [1].

RUSKI-201 dihydrochloride is a potent and specific inhibitor of Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat) (IC50: 0.20 μM). It blocks Hh signaling in Shh-overexpressing cells and inhibits Hh palmitoylation. RUSKI-201 dihydrochloride is a promising Hhat chemical probe for studying Hhat catalytic function.

AChE-IN-22 (compound 10q) is a selective acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.88 μM for AChE and 10 μM for BuChE. It binds to both the catalytic active site (CAS) and peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE and is used in Alzheimer's disease research.

RBN-3143 is a potent inhibitor of NAD+-competitive catalytic PARP14 (IC50= 4 nM), which inhibits ADP-ribosylation mediated by PARP14 and stabilizes PARP14 in cell lines, demonstrating research potential for lung inflammation.

iRucaparib-AP6, a non-trapping PARP1 degrader, blocks both the catalytic activity and scaffolding effects of PARP1. iRucaparib-AP6 is a highly efficient and specific PARP1 degrader based on Rucaparib by using the PROTAC approach.

DNA-PK-IN-2 is a highly effective inhibitor of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), an enzyme complex comprising the Ku70 Ku80 heterodimer and DNA-PK catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs). It shows potential applications in cancer research, making it a valuable tool for studying cancer diseases [1].

hDDAH-1-IN-1 TFA is a selective non-amino acid catalytic site inhibitor of human dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (hDDAH-1) (Ki: 18 μM).

Thymine is one of the four bases of DNA and is able to act as a target for 5-fluorouracil in animal cancer models with Km=2.3 μM.