triphosphate

Cytidine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt is one of the endogenous metabolites and is a cation-permeable ligand-gated ion channel agonist.

Guanosine 5'-triphosphate trisodium salt (5'-GTP trisodium salt) activates signal-transducing G proteins involved in cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and activation of intracellular kinase cascades. It regulates proliferation and apoptosis through the hydrolysis by small GTPases Ras and Rho, and plays a role in vesicle docking, fusion, and formation via Rab. Additionally, GTP serves as an energy-rich precursor for the biosynthesis of DNA and RNA.

Uridine triphosphate trisodium salt (UTP, Trisodium Salt) is a nucleotide.

Deoxycytidine triphosphate is a nucleoside triphosphate.It is a raw material in DNA synthesis. Deoxycytidine triphosphate has many applications, such as real-time PCR, cDNA synthesis, and DNA sequencing.

Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (Deoxythymidine-5'-triphosphate (dTTP) trisodium salt) is one of the four natural deoxynucleotides. It is used for the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleic acid by DNA polymerase and reverse transcriptase.

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium (dATP trisodium) is a nucleotide substrate for DNA polymerase, essential for DNA synthesis and replication in cells.

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is a purine nucleotide and derivative of the nucleic acid adenosine 5'-triphosphate .1dATP is a substrate for DNA polymerase in the synthesis of DNA.2It is a noncompetitive inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductases, which provides feedback inhibition during DNA synthesis.1dATP has commonly been used in DNA synthesis, sequencing, and labeling in research applications.3,4dATP accumulates in adenosine deaminase deficiency, a disorder characterized by mutations in the gene for adenosine deaminase, the enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine.5 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Key steps in nucleotide biosynthesis are regulated by feedback inhibitionBiochemistry(2002) 2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.DNA is replicated by polymerases that take instructions from templatesBiochemistry(2002) 3.Cadwell, R.C., and Joyce, G.F.Randomization of genes by PCR mutagenesisPCR Methods Appl.2(1)28-33(1992) 4.Steffens, D.L., Jang, G.Y., Sutter, S.L., et al.An infrared fluorescent dATP for labeling DNAGenome Res.5(4)393-399(1995) 5.Flinn, A.M., and Gennery, A.R.Adenosine deaminase deficiency: A reviewOrphanet J. Rare Dis.13(1)65(2018)

Inosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium salt (ITP) is used in studies on the impact of deamination of ATP and GTP by various enzymes and chemical processes. Inosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium salt (ITP) may be used as a substrate to study the specificity and kinetics of nucleoside-5′-triphosphatase and ATPase. Inosine-5'-triphosphate trisodium salt (ITP) is also used to study activation of various ATPases and GTPases.

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (Deoxyadenosine 5-triphosphate) (dATP) is a naturally occurring small molecule nucleotide used in cells for DNA synthesis or replication. 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is a substrate for DNA polymerase. 2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is an inhibitor of RNA through an inactive alpha4beta4 quaternary structure. Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate inhibits RNA through the inactive α4beta4 quaternary structure.2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate has been associated with cardiomyocyte growth.

N4-Acetylcytidine triphosphate is an efficient substrate for T7 Polymerase-catalyzed in vitro transcription.

Uridine 5′-triphosphate tris salt (Uridine 5'-triphosphoric acid) is an agonist to the P2Y receptor and has been used to study concentrations of intracellular Ca2+, as well as a phosphate donor for in vitro kinase assays.

Uridine 5'-triphosphate tris salt is an endogenous metabolite.

N4-Acetylcytidine triphosphate sodium is an efficient substrate for T7 Polymerase-catalyzed in vitro transcription.

Uridine triphosphate (Uridine 5'-triphosphate) increases proliferation of human cancerous pancreatic duct epithelial cells by activating P2Y2 receptor.

ATP disodium salt hydrate (Adenosine disodium triphosphate) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the molecular unit of currency of intracellular energy transfer.

ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) provides cellular energy, participates in overall energy balance, and maintains intracellular homeostasis. ATP can act as an extracellular signaling molecule through interactions with specific purinergic receptors to mediate a variety of processes including neurotransmission, inflammation, apoptosis, and bone remodeling.

ATP disodium salt (Adenosine-Triphosphate) is a P2 purinoceptor agonist.

ATP disodium trihydrate (Adenosine-5'-triphosphate disodium trihydrate) is an important substance for energy storage and metabolism in the body. It is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation, which provides energy for the body's metabolism and also acts as a coenzyme in cells.

dUTP trisodium (Deoxyuridine triphosphate) is a deoxyuridine phosphate having a triphosphate group at the 5'-position and can be used for PCR.

2'-Deoxyuridine (2-deoxyuridine). An antimetabolite that is converted to deoxyuridine triphosphate during DNA synthesis. Laboratory suppression of deoxyuridine is used to diagnose megaloblastic anemias due to vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies.

2'-Deoxycytidine is one of the major nucleosides of DNA consisting of cytosine and deoxyribose and inhibits the biological effects of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu). The nucleoside consists only of a pentose sugar attached to a purine or pyrimidine base and has no phosphate group. When N1 is attached to C1 of deoxyribose, deoxyribosides and nucleotides are formed from cytosine and deoxyribose; deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), deoxycytidine diphosphate (dCDP), and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP). cTP is the source of cytosine in RNA (ribonucleic acid) and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is the source of deoxycytidine in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Itaconic acid is a polymer.

D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate (D-fructose-1,6-diphosphate), also known as Fosfructose, is a cytoprotective natural sugar phosphate. It functions by promoting anaerobic glycolysis, which generates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) under ischemic conditions. This compound holds potential for research in cardiovascular ischemia, sickle cell anemia, and asthma.

Esafosfan trisodium (FDP trisodium) is a cytoprotective natural sugar phosphate for the potential treatment of sickle cell anemia, cardiovascular ischemia and asthma. It acts by stimulating anaerobic glycolysis which generates adenosine triphosphate under ischemic conditions.

Cytidine 5'-diphosphate trisodium salt (CDP) catalyzes the production of Cytidine triphosphate (CTP) for DNA and RNA synthesis by transferring a phosphoryl group from ATP to cytidine monophosphate (CMP) through the action of uridine monophosphate kinase (UMPK).

2'-Deoxycytidine is one of the major nucleosides of DNA consisting of cytosine and deoxyribose and inhibits the biological effects of bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu). The nucleoside consists only of a pentose sugar attached to a purine or pyrimidine base and has no phosphate group. When N1 is attached to C1 of deoxyribose, deoxyribosides and nucleotides are formed from cytosine and deoxyribose; deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP), deoxycytidine diphosphate (dCDP), and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP). cTP is the source of cytosine in RNA (ribonucleic acid) and deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) is the source of deoxycytidine in DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). Itaconic acid is a polymer.

5'-Guanylic acid disodium salt (GMP-5) is a purine ribonucleoside monophosphate. L-Glutamic acid and guanosine monophosphate are biosynthesized from xanthylic acid and L-glutamine via GMP synthase [glutamine-hydrolyzing]. Guanosine triphosphate and guanosine monophosphate are biosynthesized from diguanosine tetraphosphate via bis(5'-nucleosyl)-tetraphosphatase [asymmetrical]. In humans, guanosine monophosphate is involved in the kanamycin, telithromycin, tobramycin, and erythromycin action pathways, and several metabolic disorders including AICA-ribosiduria, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria (D and L form) pathways. Guanosine monophosphate is also found in foods like onion-family vegetables, millet, Chinese water chestnut, and red rice, serving as a potential biomarker for the consumption of these foods.

Coenzyme A is an obligatory cofactor in all living cells synthesized from pantothenate (Vitamin B5), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and cysteine.

ATP dipotassium (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate dipotassium) is a vital compound involved in energy storage and metabolism within living organisms, supplying metabolic energy for driving pumps and acting as a coenzyme in cellular processes, while also functioning as a significant endogenous signaling molecule contributing to immunity and inflammation.

Ancitabine hydrochloride (NSC 145668 HCl) is the hydrochloride salt of a cytarabine congener prodrug with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ancitabine is slowly hydrolyzed into cytarabine. Subsequently, cytarabine is converted to the triphosphate form within the cell and then competes with cytidine for incorporation into DNA. Because the arabinose sugar sterically hinders the rotation of the molecule within DNA, DNA replication ceases, specifically during the S phase of the cell cycle. Cytarabine agent also inhibits DNA polymerase, resulting in a decrease in DNA replication and repair. Compared to cytarabine, a more prolonged, consistent cytarabine-mediated therapeutic effect may be achieved with ancitabine because of the slow hydrolytic conversion of ancitabine to cytarabine.

2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate disodium (5'-dGMP disodium) is a GTP derivative that serves as an oxidizable target and is used in forming polycomplexes with other compounds.

Flavopiridol hydrochloride (MDL 107826A) is a synthetic N-methylpiperidinyl chlorophenyl flavone compound. As an inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase, alvocidib induces cell cycle arrest by preventing phosphorylation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and by down-regulating cyclin D1 and D3 expression, resulting in G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This agent is also a competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate activity.

Cytidine 5'-triphosphate disodium salt is one of the endogenous metabolites and is a cation-permeable ligand-gated ion channel agonist.

7-Deazaadenosine-5'-O-diphosphate, a modified nucleotide and metabolite of tubercidin, is generated through phosphorylation of tubercidin and further undergoes phosphorylation to become the active metabolite 7-deazaadenosine-5'-O-triphosphate.

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-monophosphate (D-AMP) is a nucleoside comprised of adenine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) moiety via a -N9-glycosidic bond. Deoxyadenosine monophosphate is a derivative of the common nucleic acid ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, in which the -OH (hydroxyl) group on the 2' carbon on the nucleotide's pentose has been removed (hence the deoxy- part of the name). Additionally, the monophosphate of the name indicates that two of the phosphoryl groups of GTP have been removed, most likely by hydrolysis. Deoxyadenosine monophosphate is abbreviated dAMP.