density

LRP-10 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 73 kDa and the accession number is Q7Z4F1-1.

The very low density lipoprotein receptor, known as VLDLR, is a single-pass type 1 integral membrance protein and a member of the LDL receptor family. This receptor family includes LDL receptor, LRP, megalin, VLDLR and ApoER2, and is characterized by a cluster of cysteine-rich class A repeats, epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like repeats, YWTD repeats and an O-linked sugar sdomain. VLDLR contains 3 EGF-like domains, 8 LDL-receptor class A domains, as well as 6 LDL-receptor class B repeats, and is abundant in heart, skeletal muscle, also ovary and kidney, but not in liver. VLDLR binds VLDL and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits. VLDLR mediates the phosphorylation of mDab1 (mammalian disabled protein) via binding to Reelin, and induces the modulation of Tau phosphorylation. This pathway regulates the migration of neurons along with the radial glial fiber network during brain development. Defects of VLDLR may be the cause of VLDLR-associated cerebellar hypoplasia (VLDLRCH), a syndrome characterized by moderate-to-profound mental retardation, delayed ambulation, and predominantly truncal ataxia.

LDLR Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 86 kDa and the accession number is A0A024R7D5.

Low-density lipoprotein receptor 9 (LDL receptor) is a single-pass type I membrane protein which belongs to the LDLR family. It contains 3 EGF-like domains, 7 LDL-receptor class A domains, and 6 LDL-receptor class B repeats. This protein binds LDL, the major cholesterol-carrying lipoprotein of plasma, and transports it into cells by endocytosis. In order to be internalized, the receptor-ligand complexes must first cluster into clathrin-coated pits. In case of HIV-1 infection, it functions as a receptor for extracellular Tat in neurons, mediating its internalization in uninfected cells. Defects in LDLR will result in familial hypercholesterolemia.

Molecular chaperone for LDL receptor-related proteins that may regulate their ligand binding activity along the secretory pathway. LRPAP1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 18.2 kDa and the accession number is P55302.

LRP2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-mFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 50.8 kDa and the accession number is P98164.

LDLR Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 85.7 kDa and the accession number is P35951.

LDLRAD3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 43.8 kDa and the accession number is Q86YD5-1.

LRP-10 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 47.5kDa and the accession number is Q7Z4F1-1.

GPIHBP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 42.2 kDa and the accession number is Q8IV16.

LRPAP1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 40.4 kDa and the accession number is P55302.

LDLR Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with mFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 111.2 kDa and the accession number is A0A024R7D5.

Disks large homolog 4(DLG4) is a cell membrane protein and it is a member of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) family. The protein contains 1 guanylate kinase-like domain，3 PDZ (DHR) domains and 1 SH3 domain. With PSD-93 it is recruited into the same NMDA receptor and potassium channel clusters. These two MAGUK proteins may interact at postsynaptic sites to form a multimeric scaffold for the clustering of receptors, ion channels, and associated signaling proteins. DLG4 is the best studied member of the MAGUK-family of PDZ domain-containing proteins. Like all MAGUK-family proteins, its basic structure includes three PDZ domains, an SH3 domain, and a guanylate kinase-like domain (GK) connected by disordered linker regions. It is almost exclusively located in the post synaptic density of neurons, and is involved in anchoring synaptic proteins. Its direct and indirect binding partners include neuroligin, NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors, and potassium channels.

Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 12 (LRP12) belongs to the LDLR family. LRP12 is a type I transmembrane protein annd widely expressed in heart, skeletal muscle, brain, lung, placenta and pancreas. LRP12 contains 2 CUB domain and 5 LDL-receptor class A domain. LRP12 has been shown to interact with GNB2L1, ZFYVE9 and ITGB1BP3. LRP12 is a receptor probably, which may be involved in the internalization of lipophilic molecules and or signal transduction. In addition, LRP12 may act as a tumor suppressor.

GPIHBP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.9 kDa and the accession number is Q8IV16.

LDLR Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 85.7 kDa and the accession number is P35951.

LOX-1 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.9 kDa and the accession number is G7PJT2.

LDLR Protein, Human, Recombinant (His), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 86 kDa and the accession number is A0A024R7D5.

DENR Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 38.0 kDa and the accession number is O43583.

LRPAP1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 39.2 kDa and the accession number is P30533.

LRP-11 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 45.3 kDa and the accession number is Q86VZ4-1.

LOX-1 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 63.9 kDa and the accession number is O70156.

LOX-1 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 37.9 kDa and the accession number is O70156.

LOX-1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.5 kDa and the accession number is P78380.

LDLR Protein, Human, Recombinant (193D A, His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 86.19 kDa and the accession number is A0A024R7D5.

Vimentin is a type III intermediate filament (IF) protein found in various non-epithelial cells, especially mesenchymal cells. A vimentin monomer, has a central α-helical domain and carboxyl (tail) domains. Two monomers compose the basic subunit of vimentin assembly. Vimentin is crucial for supporting and anchoring the position of the organelles in the cytosol. Vimentin provided cells with a resilience absent from the microtubule or actin filament networks, when under mechanical stress in vivo. Therefore, in general, it is accepted that vimentin is the cytoskeletal component responsible for maintaining cell integrity. Vimentin is also responsible for stabilizing cytoskeletal interactions. It is found that vimentin control the transport of low-density lipoprotein. It has been used as a sarcoma tumor marker to identify mesenchyme.

CRIPT, also known as cysteine-rich PDZ-binding protein, belongs to the CRIPT family. It interacts with TUBB1. CRIPT also interacts strongly with the PDZ3 domain of members of the DLG4 family. It is involved in the cytoskeletal anchoring of DLG4 in excitatory synapses. CRIPT is highly conserved from mammals to plants and binds selectively to the third PDZ domain (PDZ3) of PSD-95 via its C terminus. n heterologous cells, CRIPT causes a redistribution of PSD-95 to microtubules. In brain, CRIPT colocalizes with PSD-95 in the postsynaptic density and can be coimmunoprecipitated with PSD-95 and tubulin. These findings suggest that CRIPT may regulate PSD-95 interaction with a tubulin-based cytoskeleton in excitatory synapses.

MANSC1 contains 1 MANSC domain. MANSC is a seven-cysteine-containing domain present in animal membrane and extracellular proteins. MANSC (motif at N terminus with seven cysteines) is a novel domain with a well-conserved seven-cysteine motif that is present at the N terminus of membrane and extracellular proteins, including low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 11 (LRP-11), hepatocyte growth factor activator inhibitor 1 (HAI-1) and some uncharacterized proteins encoded by multicellular animals from Mollusca to Chordata. The MANSC domain in HAI-2 might function through binding with hepatocyte growth factor activator and matriptase[1].

Component of chylomicrons, very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma. Plays an important role in lipoprotein metabolism as an activator of lipoprotein lipase. Both proapolipoprotein C-II and apolipoprotein C-II can activate lipoprotein lipase. In normolipidemic individuals, it is mainly distributed in the HDL, whereas in hypertriglyceridemic individuals, predominantly found in the VLDL and LDL. APOC2 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & SUMO) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis-SUMO tag. The predicted molecular weight is 24.9 kDa and the accession number is P02655.

Catalyzes the deacylation of triacylglyceryl and cholesteryl ester core lipids of endocytosed low density lipoproteins to generate free fatty acids and cholesterol. LIPA Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 48.6 kDa and the accession number is Q64194.

Neuropilin tolloid-like 1 (NETO1), a complement C1r C1s, Uegf, Bmp1 (CUB) domain-containing transmembrane protein, is a novel component of the NMDAR complex critical for maintaining the abundance of NR2A-containing NMDARs in the postsynaptic density. The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), a major excitatory ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system (CNS), is a principal mediator of synaptic plasticity. Both NETO1 and NETO2 share an identical and unique domain structure thus representing a novel subfamily of CUB- and LDLa-containing proteins. The cytoplasmic domains of NETO1 and NETO2 are not homologous to other known protein sequences but contain a conserved FXNPXY-like motif, which is essential for the internalization of clathrin-coated pits during endocytosis or may be implicated in intracellular signaling pathways. NETO1 and NETO2, have marked effects on receptor properties, increasing further the potential diversity of Kainate receptors (KARs) functional properties. NETO1 involves in the development and or maintenance of neuronal circuitry. NETO1 regulates long-term NMDA receptor-dependent synaptic plasticity and cognition, at least in the context of spatial learning and memory.

SAA4 is a member of the SAA family. SAA proteins are family of apolipoproteins of high density lipoprotein (HDL). They can be separated into two distinct groups. First group (SAA1, SAA2, and SAA3) consists of acute phase reactant whose expression level increase in the blood in a response to trauma, infection, inflammation, and neoplasia. These acute phase SAAs associates with HDL during inflammation and remodel the HDL particle by displacing Apo-A1. The second distinct group consists of SAA4 and SAA5 which exist as the minor apolipoproteins on HDL, but this group of SAA constitutes more than 90% of all the SAA during homeostasis, and it is thought to play a role in the normal functioning of the HDL particle. SAA4 is a constitutively expressed protein which expressed only in humans and mice. It is connected almost completely with lipoproteins of the high density range. The physiological function of SAA4 is unknown, and its serum concentration has no association with those of other major apolipoproteins.

Lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) is the only enzyme capable of esterifying cholesterol in plasma, thus determining the maturation of high-density lipoproteins. Because it maintains an unesterified cholesterol gradient between peripheral cells and extracellular acceptors, for a long time, LCAT has been considered as a key enzyme in reverse cholesterol transport.

Apolipoprotein A-II(Apo-AII for short), also known as Apolipoprotein A2, is a secreted protein which belongs to the apolipoprotein A2 family. It exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer; and also can form a disulfide-linked heterodimer with APOD. APOA2 is the 2nd most abundant protein of the high density lipoprotein particles. This protein may stabilize HDL (high density lipoprotein) structure by its association with lipids, and affect the HDL metabolism. Defects in APOA2 gene might cause apolipoprotein A-II deficiency or hypercholesterolemia.

May accelerate cholesterol efflux from endothelial cells to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and thereby regulates angiogenesis. May orchestrate hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell emergence from the hemogenic endothelium, a type of specialized endothelium manifesting hematopoietic potential. YJEFN3-mediated cholesterol efflux activates endothelial SREBF2, the master transcription factor for cholesterol biosynthesis, which in turn transactivates NOTCH and promotes hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell emergence. May play a role in spermiogenesis and oogenesis.

The alpha-2 delta subunit of voltage-dependent calcium channels regulates calcium current density and activation inactivation kinetics of the calcium channel. Plays an important role in excitation-contraction coupling.

Catalyzes the deacylation of triacylglyceryl and cholesteryl ester core lipids of endocytosed low density lipoproteins to generate free fatty acids and cholesterol. LIPA Protein, Human, Recombinant (GST) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-GST tag. The predicted molecular weight is 70.0 kDa and the accession number is P38571.

Dickkopf-related protein 1 (DKK-1), a ligand for the WNT coreceptors low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 5 and 6 (LRP-5 and LRP-6) and an inhibitor of WNT β-catenin signaling, effectively inhibits pericyte activation, detachment, and transition to myofibroblasts in vivo in response to kidney injury, resulting in attenuated fibrogenesis, capillary rarefaction, and inflammation.LRP-6 interacts closely with PDGF receptor β and TGF-β receptor 1 at the cell membrane, suggesting that it may have roles in pathways other than WNT β-catenin.

A role for low-density lipoprotein-related receptor 5 (LRP5) in human bone was first established by the identification of genetic alterations that led to dramatic changes in bone mass. Shortly thereafter, mutations that altered the function of the sclerostin (SOST) gene were also associated with altered human bone mass. Subsequent studies of LRP5 and sclerostin have provided important insights into the mechanisms by which these proteins regulate skeletal homeostasis. LRP-5 Protein, Human, Recombinant (mFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-mFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 96 kDa and the accession number is O75197-1.

Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids with preference for phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylethanolamines. Preferentially releases sn-2 omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acyl (PUFA) chains over saturated fatty acyls. Contributes to phospholipid remodeling of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Hydrolyzes LDL phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that regulate macrophage differentiation toward foam cells. Efficiently hydrolyzes and inactivates PAF, a potent lipid mediator present in oxidized LDL. May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Secreted by lung epithelium, targets membrane phospholipids of infiltrating eosinophils, releasing arachidonate and boosting eicosanoid and cysteinyl leukotriene synthesis involved in airway inflammatory response. Secreted by gut epithelium, hydrolyzes dietary and biliary phosphatidylcholines in the gastrointestinal lumen, thereby regulating adipogenesis and body weight. Plays a stem cell regulator role in colon epithelium. Within intracellular compartment, mediates Paneth-like cell differentiation and its stem cell supporting functions by inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway in intestinal stem cell (ISC). Secreted in the intestinal lumen upon inflammation, acts in an autocrine way and promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis that stimulates the Wnt signaling pathway in ISCs and tissue regeneration. May participate in hair follicle morphogenesis by regulating phosphatidylethanolamines metabolism at the outermost epithelial layer and facilitating melanin synthesis. By generating lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) at sperm acrosome controls sperm cell capacitation, acrosome reaction and overall fertility. May promote neurite outgrowth in neuron fibers involved in nociception. Contributes to lipid remodeling of cellular membranes and generation of lipid mediators involved in pathogen clearance. Cleaves sn-2 fatty acyl chains of phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines, which are major components of membrane phospholipids in bacteria. Displays bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by directly hydrolyzing phospholipids of the bacterial membrane. In pulmonary epithelium, may contribute to host defense response against adenoviral infection. Prevents adenovirus entry into host cells by hydrolyzing host cell plasma membrane, releasing C16:0 LPCs that inhibit virus-mediated membrane fusion and viral infection. Likely prevents adenoviral entry into the endosomes of host cells. May play a role in maturation and activation of innate immune cells including macrophages, group 2 innate lymphoid cells and mast cells.

Genetic variants within the CNR2 gene encoding the cannabinoid receptor CB2 are associated with osteoporosis and low bone mineral density (BMD) in case-control studies. There is a possibility that genetic variants of the CNR1 gene may produce a liability to the complication of psychotic state after abuse of methamphetamine.

APOL1, also known as apolipoprotein L1, is a minor apoprotein component of HDL (High-density lipoprotein) or 'good cholesterol' which is synthesized in the liver and also in many other tissues, including pancreas, kidney, and brain. APOL1 belongs to the apolipoprotein L family. It may play a role in lipid exchange and transport throughout the body. It may also participate in reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral cells to the liver. Defects in APOL1 are the cause of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis type 4 (FSGS4). It is a renal pathology defined by the presence of segmental sclerosis in glomeruli and resulting in proteinuria, reduced glomerular filtration rate and edema. Renal insufficiency often progresses to end-stage renal disease, a highly morbid state requiring either dialysis therapy or kidney transplantation.

GDF-8 Myostatin MSTN is a member of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family and the TGF-beta superfamily. This group of proteins is characterized by a polybasic proteolytic processing site which is cleaved to produce a mature protein containing seven conserved cysteine residues. The members of this family are regulators of cell growth and differentiation in both embryonic and adult tissues. GDF-8 Myostatin MSTN is highly expressed in skeletal muscle, and myostatin loss-of-function leads to doubling of skeletal muscle mass. Experiments in mice have improved that GDF-8 Myostatin MSTN is a key regulator of mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation, and mice lacking Myostatin encoding gene show decreased body fat and a generalized increase in bone density and strength. The increase in bone density is observed in most anatomical regions, including the limbs, spine, and jaw, and myostatin inhibitors have been observed to significantly increase bone formation. GDF-8 Myostatin MSTN is also expressed in the early phases of fracture healing, and GDF-8 Myostatin MSTN deficiency leads to increased fracture callus size and strength. Together, these data suggest that GDF-8 Myostatin MSTN has direct effects on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoprogenitor cells and that GDF-8 Myostatin MSTN antagonists and inhibitors are likely to enhance both muscle mass and bone strength.

A role for low-density lipoprotein-related receptor 5 (LRP5) in human bone was first established by the identification of genetic alterations that led to dramatic changes in bone mass. Shortly thereafter, mutations that altered the function of the sclerostin (SOST) gene were also associated with altered human bone mass. Subsequent studies of LRP5 and sclerostin have provided important insights into the mechanisms by which these proteins regulate skeletal homeostasis. LRP-5 Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 96.51 kDa and the accession number is O75197-1.

APOC2 activates the lipoprotein lipase in capillaries, which hydrolyzes triglycerides and thus provides free fatty acids for cells. APOC2 is component of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) fraction in plasma. It is also an activator of several triacylglycerol lipases. The association of APOC2 with plasma chylomicrons, VLDL, and HDL is reversible, a function of the secretion and catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, and changes rapidly. Defects in APOC2 are the cause of hyperlipoproteinemia type 1B (HLPP1B) which characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, xanthomas, and increased risk of pancreatitis and early atherosclerosis.

Osteoprotegerin (OPG, Tnfrsf11b) is a secreted protein that regulates bone density. OPG is widely expressed and constitutively released as a homodimer by mesenchymal stem cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Regulation of its expression by estrogen, parathyroid hormone and cytokines is complex and changes with age. OPG acts as decoy receptor for TNFSF11 RANKL and thereby neutralizes its function in osteoclastogenesis. TRAIL decreases the release of OPG from cells that express it, while OPG inhibits TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Expression of RANK L on the cell surface, and thus its ability to stimulate osteoclastogenesis, is regulated by OPG by intracellular and extracellular mechanisms. Bone homeostasis seems to depend on the local ratio between TNFSF11 and TNFRSF11B. It may also play a role in preventing arterial calcification.

Hydrolyzes the toxic metabolites of a variety of organophosphorus insecticides. Capable of hydrolyzing a broad spectrum of organophosphate substrates and lactones, and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters. Mediates an enzymatic protection of low density lipoproteins against oxidative modification. PON1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 39.4 kDa and the accession number is P52430.

Growth factor of the TGF-beta superfamily that plays an essential role in developmental process by inducing and patterning early skeletal formation and by negatively regulating bone density. Antagonizes the ability of certain osteogenic BMPs to induce osteoprogenitor differentitation and ossification. Initiates signaling cascades by associating with type II receptor ACVR2B to activate SMAD2-dependent and SMAD-independent signaling cascades including TAK1 and JNK pathways. BMP-3 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-6xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 16.4 kDa and the accession number is P12645.