Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitor 1 is a glutaminyl cyclase inhibitor (IC50: 0.5 μM) that can be used to study neurological disorders.

Adenylyl cyclase-IN-1 is a potential adenylyl cyclase inhibitor for ocular hypotonia research [1].

Guanylate cyclase-IN-1 (Example 46) is a specific inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, employed in research related to cardiovascular diseases.

Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitor 3, a designed anti-Alzheimer’s compound, is a potent human Glutaminyl Cyclase (GC) inhibitor (IC50: 4.5 nM). It significantly reduced the brain concentrations of pyroform Aβ and total Aβ and restored cognitive functions.

Adenylyl cyclase type 2 agonist-1 is a potent agonist of adenylyl cyclase type 2 (AC2) (EC50: 90 nM). It is a potential lead compound in the fight against respiratory diseases.

Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitor 4 is a potent, selective glutaminyl cyclase (QC) inhibitor (IC50: 6.1 nM). It is a potent anti-Alzheimer’s agent.

Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitor 5 is a potent, selective inhibitor of human glutaminyl cyclase (hQC), demonstrating an inhibition concentration half-max (IC 50) of 3.2 nM.

Glutaminyl Cyclase Inhibitor 2 is a glutaminyl cyclase inhibitor (IC50: 1.23 μM).

PACAP (6-27) (human, ovine, rat) serves as an antagonist for the PACAP receptor, inhibiting the catecholamine response of the canine adrenal gland to vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). This compound holds promise for research into cardiovascular and neurological disorders [1].

PACAP (1-38), a novel neuropeptide isolated from the bovine hypothalamus is more active than vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in stimulating adenylate cyclase (EC50=7 nM). PACAP 1-38 (10-9 M) increased substance P (SP), gastrin releasing peptide (GRP),

PACAP (1-38), human, ovine, rat (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase Activating Polypeptide 38) is a neuropeptide with 38 amino acid residues.

NKY80 regulates the adenylyl cyclase catalytic activity in heart and lung tissues. NKY80 is a non-competitive inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase type V isoform (IC50s: 8.3 µM, 132 µM, and 1.7 mM for type V, III and II, respectively).

Forskolin (Coleonol) is a natural product, an adenylate cyclase activator (EC50=0.5 μM). Forskolin increases cAMP levels, activates PXR and FXR, and induces autophagy. Forskolin produces positive inotropic effects in the heart, and has platelet anticoagulant and antihypertensive effects.

Vardenafil (Vivanza) is an oral therapy for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. It is a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Penile erection is a hemodynamic process initiated by the relaxation of smooth muscle in the corpus cavernosum and its associated arterioles. During sexual stimulation, nitric oxide is released from nerve endings and endothelial cells in the corpus cavernosum. Nitric oxide activates the enzyme guanylate cyclase resulting in increased synthesis of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in the smooth muscle cells of the corpus cavernosum. The cGMP in turn triggers smooth muscle relaxation, allowing increased blood flow into the penis, resulting in erection. The tissue concentration of cGMP is regulated by both the rates of synthesis and degradation via phosphodiesterases (PDEs). The most abundant PDE in the human corpus cavernosum is the cGMPspecific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5); therefore, the inhibition of PDE5 enhances erectile function by increasing the amount of cGMP.

Salbutamol (Albuterol) stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors in the lungs, thereby activating the enzyme adenylate cyclase that catalyzes the conversion of ATP to cyclic-3', 5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). Salbutamol Sulfate is the sulfate salt of the short-acting sympathomimetic agent albuterol, a 1:1 racemic mixture of (R)-albuterol and (S)-albuterol with bronchodilator activity. Increased cAMP concentrations relax the bronchial smooth muscle, relieve bronchospasms, and reduce inflammatory cell mediator release, especially from mast cells. To a lesser extent, Salbutamol stimulates beta1-adrenergic receptors, thereby increasing the force and rate of myocardial contraction.

Adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) induces human platelet aggregation and non-competitively blocks the stimulated human platelet adenylate cyclase.

PACAP 1-38 acetate is a pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) analogue. PACAP 1-38 acetate binds to PACAP type I receptor(IC50 = 4 nM) and PACAP type II VIP2 receptor(IC50 = 1 nM) but not to PACAP type II, VIP1 receptor.

Sinitrodil (ITF-296) is a guanylate cyclase stimulant that may be used in the treatment of myocardial ischemia and angina pectoris.

MCUF-651 is a guanylyl cyclase A receptor positive allosteric modulators, EC50=0.45 μM.

Small Cardioactive Peptide B SCPB acetate (Small Cardioactive Peptide B SCPB acetate (84746-43-0 free base)) is a neurally active peptide, stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in particulate fractions of both heart and gill tissues with EC50s of 0.1 and 1.0 μM, respectively.

9-Cyclopentyladenine (NSC-19486) is an adenylate cyclase inhibitor that blocks cellular morphological differentiation and phosphorylation of specific signaling molecules.

Cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) is an effective calcium mobilization second messenger, which is synthesized from NAD + by ADP-ribosyl cyclase. Cyclic ADP-ribose mainly increases cytosolic calcium through Ryanodine receptor-mediated endoplasmic reticulum release

NB001 (HTS 09836) is an inhibitor of adenyl cyclase 1 exhibiting effects on neural and non-neural pain.

9-CP-Ade Mesylate (9 CP Ade Mesylate) is a cell-permeable, stable and non-competitive inhibitor of adenylate cyclase.

LY83583 is a soluble guanylate cyclase competitive inhibitor with IC50 of 2 µM.

Sulfo-ara-F-NMN is an analogue of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) with cellular permeability. Sulfo-ara-F-NMN was selective to activate SARM1 and inhibited CD38 with an IC50 of about 10 μM. Activation by Sulfo-ara-F-NMN to Z-48 or NMN, which has a higher cyclase activity, causes conformational changes in SARM1, resulting in cADPR production, NAD depletion, and non-apoptotic cell death.

Glutaminyl cyclases-IN-1 (IsoQC-IN-1) is a potent inhibitor of Glutaminyl cyclases (QC), which acts on human QC (IC50: 12 nM) and isoQC (IC 50:73 nM). Glutaminyl cyclases-IN-1 inhibited isoQC and selectively blocked CD47/SIRPα interaction. Glutaminyl cyclases-IN-1 also enhanced phagocytosis of THP-1 and U937 macrophages.

Cinaciguat (BAY 58-2667) (BAY 58-2667) is the first of a new class of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activators in Clinicalal development for acute decompensated heart failure.

Riociguat (BAY 632521) is a stimulator of guanylate cyclase which causes relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and is used to treat severe pulmonary arterial hypertension.

NKH477 is a novel water-soluble forskolin derivative that improves cardiac failure mainly through its beneficial effects on diastolic cardiac function. NKH477 shows an antiproliferative effect in vivo with an altered cytokine profile to inhibit the acute

Methylene Blue (Basic Blue 9) hydrate functions as an inhibitor of guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), and NO synthase (NOS). This compound, known for its vasopressor activity, is widely utilized as a dye in various medical procedures. It operates via the nitric oxide synthase/guanylate cyclase signaling pathway to diminish prepulse inhibition and possesses the capacity to cross the blood-brain barrier. Methylene Blue hydrate acts as a REDOX cycling compound and inhibits Tau protein aggregation. Moreover, it is effective in reducing cerebral edema, damping microglial activation, and alleviating neuroinflammation, demonstrating its multifaceted therapeutic potential [1] [2] [3].

Lysipressin ([Lys8]-Vasopressin), Induces contraction of the rabbit urinary bladder smooth muscle, activate adenylate-cyclase. Lysipressin is Antidiuretic hormone that have been found in pigs and some marsupial families.

Mant-GTPγS, an effective GTP analog, displays strong competitive inhibition of adenylyl cyclase (AC). Additionally, it acts as a potent inhibitor of YdeH.

Nicorandil (SG-75)(Ikorel) acts by relaxing the smooth muscle of the blood vessels, especially those of the venous system. It undertakes this through two methods. Firstly, by activating potassium channels, and secondly by donating nitric oxide to activate the enzyme guanylate cyclase. Guanylate cyclase causes activation of cGMP leading to both arterial and venous vasodilatation by de-phosphorylation of the myosin light chain.

(Rac)-MGV354 (MGV354) is the racemate of MGV354. MGV354 is a soluble activator of guanylate cyclase (sGC)(EC50s of <0.5 nM, and 5 nM in CHO and GTM-3 E cells, respectively).

Praliciguat (IW-1973) stimulates sGC in HEK-293 cells (EC50: 197 nM). Praliciguat is an effective and orally active soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator. It also enhances NO signaling and acts as a vasodilator.

PAC1R antagonist 1 is an orally active PAC1 receptor antagonist that inhibits abnormal pain induced by pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and nerve damage, and may be used in the study of neoplasms and immune-related disorders.

Small Cardioactive Peptide B (SCPB), a neurally active peptide, stimulates adenylate cyclase activity in particulate fractions of both heart and gill tissues with EC50s of 0.1 and 1.0 μM, respectively.

Prepro-Atrial Natriuretic Factor (26-55) (human) is a polypeptide that elevates cyclic GMP levels in the renal cortex and medulla and enhances renal guanylate cyclase activity [1].

Skyrin is a fungal metabolite characterized by a bisanthraquinone structure. It interferes with glucagon signaling through adenylate cyclase without binding to the glucagon receptor. At 10 μM, skyrin reduces both glucagon-stimulated cAMP production and glycogenolysis. It does not interfere with epinephrine or glucagon-like peptide 1 effects on these parameters.[1] Reference：[1]. Parker, J.C., McPherson, R.K., Andrews, K.M., et al. Effects of skyrin, a receptor-selective glucagon antagonist, in rat and human hepatocytes. Diabetes 49, 2079-2086 (2012).

Indusatumab (5F9 Monoclonal antibody) is an anti-human GUCY2C (Guanylate cyclase 2C) monoclonal antibody that can be used to synthesize antibody-drug conjugate.

BAY 41-8543 is a nitric oxide (NO)-independent stimulator of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC).

ST034307 is an effective and selective inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase 1 (IC50: 2.3 μM).

MM 419447 is a guanylate cyclase-C agonist, and it is a metabolite of linaclotide. This compound, MM 419447, shows promise in the field of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C) research.

Erzotabart, an IgG1-kappa monoclonal antibody targeting CD38 (ADP-ribosyl cyclase 1, cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1, cADPr hydrolase 1, cADPR1) in Homo sapiens, exhibits antineoplastic activity [1].

Glucagon (22-29) acts as a partial agonist of Glucagon (19–29) and independently inhibits the calcium (Ca2+) pump in liver plasma membranes without activating adenylate cyclase [1] [2].

Ataciguat (HMR-1766) (HMR-1766) is a potent and specific soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activator.

Uroguanylin-15 (Rat) is a bioactive natriuretic peptide hormone that modulates sodium excretion in response to high NaCl intake by activating guanylate cyclase signaling pathways in the intestine and kidney. Initially isolated from rat urine and duodenum, it shares functional similarities with guanylin but has not been detected in rat colon extracts.

Guanylyl Imidodiphosphate (lithium salt) is a non-hydrolyzable GTP analog that increases adenylate cyclase activity.