14(15)-eet-si

Arachidonic acid is metabolized in the vascular endothelium to epoxytrienoic acids (EETs or EpETrEs) by cytochrome P450 enzymes. The EETs are released in response to acetylcholine, bradykinin, arachidonic acid, or cyclic stretch. (±)14(15)-EET-SI is the methyl sulfonamide analog of 14(15)-EET. This substitution results in a metabolically more stable compound because it is not sensitive to β-oxidation or membrane esterification. (±)14(15)-EET-SI is equipotent to 14(15)-EET in vascular agonist activity as measured by relaxation of precontracted bovine coronary arteries. In addition, 14(15)-EET and the methyl sulfonamide analog both stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation and induce mitogenesis in renal epithelial cells.

8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic acid, also known as dihomo-γ-linolenic acid , is a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) produced from γ-linolenic acid by the action of fatty acid elongases. It can be metabolized by the cyclooxygenase pathway to produce 1-series prostaglandins (PGs) (e.g., PGE1). (±)14(15)-EpEDE is an EpEDE acid formed from 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid. This monoepoxide can be generated from the PUFA, in vitro, by the action of a strong oxidizing agent. Alternatively, this compound may be produced, in vivo, by epoxidation of the PUFA by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases. The biological properties of this compound are poorly understood.

Compound 9, 15-Nor-14-oxolabda-8(17),12E-diene-18-oic acid, is an isolated compound derived from the roots of Chloranthus spicatus [1].

(±)14(15)-EET is a metabolite of arachidonic acid that is formed via epoxidation of arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450.[1],[2] It prevents increases in leukotriene B4, ICAM-1, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 (CCL2) induced by oxidized LDL in primary rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (RPAECs) when used at a concentration of 1 μM.[3] (±)14(15)-EET induces dilation of preconstricted isolated canine coronary arterioles (EC50 = 0.2 pM).[4] It reduces myocardial infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk in a canine model of ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion when administered at a dose of 0.128 mg/kg prior to occlusion or reperfusion.[5] Reference：[1]. Chacos, N., Falck, J.R., Wixtrom, C., et al. Novel epoxides formed during the liver cytochrome P-450 oxidation of arachidonic acid. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 104(3), 916-922 (1982).[2]. Oliw, E.H., Guengerich, F.P., and Oates, J.A. Oxygenation of arachidonic acid by hepatic monooxygenases. Isolation and metabolism of four epoxide intermediates. J. Biol. Chem. 257(7), 3771-3781 (1982).[3]. Jiang, J.-X., Zhang, S.-J., Xiong, Y.-K., et al. EETs attenuate ox-LDL-induced LTB4 production and activity by inhibiting p38 MAPK phosphorylation and 5-LO/BLT1 receptor expression in rat pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. PLoS One 10(6), e0128278 (2015).[4]. Oltman, C.L., Weintraub, N.L., VanRollins, M., et al. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids are potent vasodilators in the canine coronary microcirculation. Circ. Res. 83(9), 932-939 (1998).[5]. Nithipatikom, K., Moore, J.M., Isbell, M.A., et al. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in cardioprotection: Ischemic versus reperfusion injury. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 291(2), H537-H542 (2006).

17(13→14)-Abeo-ent-3S*,13S*,16-trihydroxystrob-8(15)-ene is a sesquiterpene lactone of natural origin that exhibits anti-inflammatory properties [1].

EDHF (endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor) is an unidentified mediator released from vascular endothelial cells in response to acetylcholine and bradykinin which is distinct from the NOS- (nitric oxide) and COX-derived (prostacyclin) vasodilators. Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, produces epoxides such as (±)14(15)-EpETrE which are prime candidates for the actual active mediator. However, the CYP450 metabolites of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid have been little studied relative to arachidonate epoxygenase metabolites. (±)14(15)-EpETE is the ω-3 homolog of 14(15)-EpETrE, derived via epoxidation of the 14,15-double bond of EPA. The EDHF activity of (±)14(15)-EpETE has not yet been determined.

4(15),5,10(14)-Germacratrien-1-ol is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN2997 and the CAS number is 81968-62-9.

ent-11alpha-Hydroxyabieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12alpha-olide shows significant cytotoxic activity against ANA-1 and Jurkat cells with IC50 values 7.12 x 10(-3) and 1.79 x 10(-2) microM.

15-Acetoxy-14-hydroxycostunolide is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T126121 and the CAS number is 126647-24-3.

ent-8(14),15-pimaradien-3beta-ol (8(14),15-Isopimaradien-3-ol) can induce vascular relaxation. It displays high antibacterial activities (MIC values lower than 10 microg /mL for most pathogens).

8(14),15-Isopimaradiene-3,18-diol is a natural product for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TN3261 and the CAS number is 59219-64-6.

15-Nor-14-oxolabda-8(17),12-dien-18-oic acid is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T126495.