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p-Toluic Acid (4-Methylbenzoic acid) belongs to the class of organic compounds known as benzoic acids. 4-Methylbenzoic acid has been primarily detected in saliva. Within the cell, 4-methylbenzoic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm.

Maltitol (4-O-α-glucopyranosyl-D-sorbitol) is a sugar alcohol (polyol) used as a sugar substitute.

D-threitol is the D-enantiomer of threitol. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is an enantiomer of a L-threitol.

Maltol is a type of aromatic compound found in high concentrations in red ginseng and is a potent antioxidant used to enhance flavor and preserve food.

meso-Erythritol (Phycitol) is a four-carbon sugar that is found in algae, fungi, and lichens. It is twice as sweet as sucrose and can be used as a coronary vasodilator.

Palmitoleic acid ((Z)-Hexadec-9-enoic acid) is found to be associated with isovaleric acidemia, which is an inborn error of metabolism.

D-Mannitol (Mannitol) is a diuretic and renal diagnostic aid related to sorbitol. It has little significant energy value as it is largely eliminated from the body before any metabolism can take place. It can be used to treat oliguria associated with kidney failure or other manifestations of inadequate renal function and has been used for determination of glomerular filtration rate. D-Mannitol is also commonly used as a research tool in cell biological studies, usually to control osmolarity.

o-Toluic acid, also 2-methylbenzoic acid, is an aromatic carboxylic acid. It is a human xenobiotic metabolite.

Alantolactone (Inula camphor)(Alant camphor), a sesquiterpene lactone, has potential activity against triple-negative breast Y MDA-MB-231 cells by suppressing the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway.

Skatole (3-Methyl-1H-indole) is produced by intestinal bacteria. Skatole regulates intestinal epithelial cellular functions through activating aryl hydrocarbon receptors and p38.

3,4-Diaminotoluene, an aromatic amine derived from toluene, has been used in the synthesis of a variety of compounds such as polyurethanes, polyureas and polyamides, as well as in the synthesis of amino acids, peptides and proteins. It has also been used in the synthesis of various drugs such as antibiotics and antivirals.

3,5-Dimethoxytoluene (Orcinol dimethyl ether), the main fragrance component in roses, has a sedative effect and can be used as a pest attractant.

D-Sorbitol (Sorbitol) is a polyhydric alcohol with about half the sweetness of sucrose, occurring naturally and also produced synthetically from glucose. Formerly used as a diuretic, it may still be used as a laxative and in irrigating solutions for certain surgical procedures. It is also utilized in various manufacturing processes, as a pharmaceutical aid, and in several research applications.

Tolazoline hydrochloride (NSC35110 (hydrochloride)) is a non-selective competitive α-adrenergic receptor antagonist used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.

Olivetolic acid (OLA) is a precursor of cannabinoids from Cannabis sativa and has shown anticonvulsant activity in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome.Olivetolic acid has potential antimicrobial activity.

Xylitol (Ribitol) is a five-carbon sugar alcohol derived from XYLOSE by reduction of the carbonyl group. It is as sweet as sucrose and used as a noncariogenic sweetener.

Ethambutol dihydrochloride (CL40881) is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial agent, which obstructs the formation of cell wall by inhibiting arabinosyl transferases.

DL-Mannitol is a osmotic diuretic, it may play a role in reducing off-target 68Ga-PSMA renal uptake

Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic with activity against Gram-positive bacteria, used in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections.

Ribitol is a pentitol that can be formed by ribose reduction. Enhancement of the D-glucose to pentose phosphate pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be used to produce ribitol and D-ribose.

i-Inositol (myo-Inositol) is an intracellular phosphate compound involved in cell signaling and may stimulate tumor cell differentiation.

Ethyl maltol (2-Ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one), an extract from medicinal plants such as P. Incarnata, can be used as an anticonvulsant and is also a common flavoring.

Lactitol (Lactit) is a agent that acts on the gastrointestinal tract.

L-Arabinitol (L-(-)-Arabitol) is a potential biomarker for the comsuption of the food products such as sweet potato, deerberry, moth bean. L-Arabinitol is associated with Alzheimer's disease and ribose-5-phosphate isomerase deficiency.

PHYTOL (trans-Phytol) , a diterpene alcohol from chlorophyll widely used as a food additive and in medicinal fields, shows antinociceptive and antioxidant activities as well as anti-inflammatory and antiallergic effects. It is a specific activator of PPARα.

Olivetol Dimethyl Ether is a monoacylglycerol with analgesic activity and potential anti-inflammatory activity that inhibits fatty acid synthesis.

Pratol (7-Hydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone) significantly increased melanin content and tyrosinase activity in the cells without being cytotoxic.

Anhydronotoptol (4-{[(2E,5E)-3,7-dimethylocta-2,5,7-trien-1-yl]oxy}-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one), a natural compound extracted from the umbelliferae plant Qiangwu, is a potent inhibitor of nitric oxide production, inhibiting LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells with an IC50 value of 36.6 μM.

Metolachlor is an organic compound. Metolachlor is also widely used as an herbicide.

Brusatol (NSC-172924) is a natural product isolated from the Brucea javanica plant. It inhibits Nrf2.

Triptolide (PG490) belongs to the tricyclic diterpenoid group of natural products and is an inhibitor of NF-κB activation. Triptolide exhibits immunosuppressive, anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-tumor activities.

Miglitol (BAY1099) is an alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor with antihyperglycemic activity.

Isoalantolactone (Isohelenin), isolated from Inula spp., can inhibit the growth of several types of Y cells.

Glycerol Tridecanoate is an orally active precursor (DA precursor) of caprylic acid that can be hydrolyzed to caprylic acid. It is a major component of medium chain triglycerides (MCT) and has antiandrogenic and antihyperglycemic properties. It can be used as an additive in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

Pectolinarin is a Cirsium isolate with anti-inflammatory activity.

D-chiro-Inositol (D-(+)-CHIRO-INOSITOL) is an epimer of myo-inositol that is found in certain mammalian glycosylphosphatidylinositol protein anchors and inositol phosphoglycans possessing insulin-like bioactivity.

Allitol (d-allitol) is a substrate for the production of L-form ketoses and aldoses.

Phytolaccagenin, a triterpenoid saponin, is the active component of Radix Phytolaccae, widely used in East Asian countries for treating inflammation-related diseases.

L-quebrachitol is a natural product.L-quebrachitol may promote osteoblastogenesis by triggering the BMP-2-response as well as the Runx2, MAPK, and Wnt β-catenin signaling pathway.

Gigantol is a novel inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. It inhibits Wnt/β-catenin signaling through downregulation of phosphorylated LRP6 and cytosolic β-catenin in breast cancer cells. Gigantol may be developed as a promising neuroprotective agent for successful MSC transplantation in ischemic diseases, it shows the protective effect against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the PI3K/Akt pathway.Gigantol inhibits aldose reductase gene to exert its anti-cataract activity. Gigantol induces growth inhibition and apoptosis of HepG2 cells via the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.Gigantol also shows α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.

Olivetol (5-n-Amylresorcinol) (5-pentylresorcinol, 5-pentyl-1,3-benzenediol) is an organic compound found in certain species of lichen; it is also a precursor in various syntheses of tetrahydrocannabinol. Olivetol has an antioxidant effect.

Meglutol (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid) is an antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids. It acts by interfering with the enzymatic steps involved in the conversion of acetate to hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A as well as inhibiting the activity of HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES which is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

1. Levistolide A (Diligustilide) inhibits liver fibrosis and angiogenesis.

7,2′-Dihydroxy-3′,4′-dimethoxyisoflavan 7-O-β-D-glucoside (Isomucronulatol 7-O-glucoside) is a natural compound derived from Astragalus membranaceus.

Aristolochic Acid D, a derivative of aristolochic acid isolated from the stems of Aristolochia indica, is identified as both a carcinogen and nephrotoxin.

Proctolin is a bioactive neuropeptide that modulates interneuronal and neuromuscular synaptic transmission in a wide variety of arthropods.

D-Arabitol is a polyol that can lead to neurotoxicity when accumulated in the body.

Aristolochic acid B (Aristolochic Acid II) is one of the major components of the carcinogenic plant extract aristolochic acid, is known to be mutagenic and to form DNA adducts in vitro and in vivo, Aristolochic acid B shows more carcinogenic risk than aristolochic acid I, and this may be, at least partly, the result of its increased levels in kidney and plasma.

Aristolochic acid C, a derivative of Aristolochic acid, acts as a phospholipase A2 inhibitor.

Tectol has anti-plasmodial activity, it as a moderately active growth inhibitor with an IC50 3.44±0.20μM. It exhibited significant activity against human leukemia cell lines HL60 and CEM. Tectol may cause itchy dermatitis, the dermatitis appeared on the n