TNF

5-O-Caffeoylshikimic acid shows anti-oxidative activity; it also shows anti-inflammatory activity, the underlying mechanism was associated with downregulation of nuclear factor-κB.

Adalimumab (anti-TNF-alpha) is the first fully human recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody that specifically targets human TNF-alpha.

Teneliximab (BMS 224819) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody and a tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 (CD40) inhibitor that blocks CD40-CD40L interactions.Teneliximab exerts its partial agonist activity through CD40 and peripheral B-cell depletion, and may be used to study organ transplant rejection and rheumatoid arthritis.

Infliximab is a monoclonal antibody, a human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that inhibits TNF-α and prevents TNF-α from interacting with TNFR1 and TNFR2. Infliximab can be used to treat Crohn's disease and rheumatoid arthritis.

TIC10 (ONC-201) inactivates Akt and ERK to induce TRAIL through Foxo3a, possesses superior drug properties: delivery across the blood-brain barrier, superior stability and improved pharmacokinetics. Phase 1 2.

Resatorvid (TAK-242), a selective Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibitor, binds directly to Cys747 to prevent TLR4-TIRAP interaction, thereby blocking downstream signaling. Resatorvid exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities.

Acetylcysteine (NAC) is an N-acetyl derivative of cysteine, a ROS inhibitor and mucolytic agent. Acetylcysteine induces apoptosis, can be used to reduce mucus thickness, and has anti-influenza viral activity.

Taurocholic acid (N-Choloyltaurine) is a bile acid involved in the emulsification of fats.Taurocholic acid is cytoprotective, preventing tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced cholangiocyte damage via a PI3K-mediated pathway.

Ozoralizumab (ATN-103) is a humanized anti-TNFα antibody and a novel TNFα inhibitor.Ozoralizumab binds human serum albumin and can be used to study rheumatoid arthritis.

Etanercept is a fusion protein consisting of the soluble portion of the p75-tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) and the Fc fragment of human IgG1 and is commonly used to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis.[1]

1. Geraniin has a protective effect against OVX-induced rat osteoporosis. 2. Geraniin has cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. 3. Geraniin exerts inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation in vitro and suppresses Ti particle

UCB-9260 inhibits TNF signaling by stabilizing an asymmetric form of the trimer.

Utomilumab (PF 05082566) is a humanized IgG2 antibody that targets the T-cell co-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB CD137 and acts as a 4-1BB CD137 agonist. It exhibits antitumor activity and may be used in the study of patients with advanced malignancies.

Taurochenodeoxycholic Acid (12-Deoxycholyltaurine) is one of the main bioactive substances of animals' bile acid.

Kurarinone is a flavonoid extracted from the shrub Sophora flavescens, which has anti-tumor, estrogenic and anti-inflammatory activities, and also has a strong inhibitory effect on immune responses.

Brentuximab, a chimeric antibody targeting CD30, is a naked antibody to Brentuximab vedotin. It possesses antitumor activity and may be used to study relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Forsythoside B binds to LPS and reduces the biological activity of serum LPS, and inhibits NF-κB activation. Forsythoside B inhibits the inflammatory response and has antioxidant properties. Potent neuroprotective effects with a favorable therapeutic time

Shikonin (Anchusa acid) is a natural product, a TMEM16A chloride channel inhibitor (IC50=6.5 μM) and selective PKM2 inhibitor. Shikonin exhibits antitumor, anti-inflammatory and wound healing activities.

Maltotetraose (Fujioligo 450) are potent inhibitors of TNF-α-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, maltotetraose may be beneficial in the suppression of early atherosclerosis development.

Lenalidomide (CC-5013) is an immunomodulator with oral activity. Lenalidomide is a ligand for the ubiquitin E3 ligase cereblon (CRBN), which selectively ubiquitinates and degrades two lymphoid transcription factors, IKZF1 and IKZF3, via the CRBN-CRL4 ubiquitin ligase, and is commonly used in the synthesis of PROTAC products.

Nothofagin has antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities, it possesses anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting hyperpermeability, expression of CAMs, and adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases.

C25-140 is a small-molecule inhibitor of TRAF6-Ubc13.

1. Atractylenolide-I has an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting TNF-α and IL-6 production; ameliorates sepsis syndrome, liver and kidney functions by reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and LPS. 2. Atractylenolide-I significantly sensitizes the res

C 87 is a small-molecule TNF-α inhibitor. C 87 directly binds to TNFα, potently inhibits TNF-α-induced cytotoxicity (IC50 = 8.73 μM), and effectively blocks TNF-α-triggered signaling activities.

Jolkinolide B is a bioactive diterpene isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. Jolkinolide B induces apoptosis in cancer cells. Jolkinolide B can be used for studies on preventing and treating osteolysis.

Nodinitib-1 (CID-1088438) is a potent and selective NOD1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.56 μM.

Glucosamine (Chitosamine) is an amino sugar and a prominent precursor in the biochemical synthesis of glycosylated proteins and lipids. Supplemental glucosamine may help to rebuild cartilage and treat arthritis.

Tulisokibart (PRA023) is a humanized anti-TNFSF15 monoclonal antibody used to study colon cancer.

Taraxasterol (Taraxasterin) is compound with anti-inflammatory activity.

Cepharanthine (NSC-623442) is a natural alkaloid that inhibits TNF-α-mediated NFκB stimulation, plasma membrane lipid peroxidation, and platelet aggregation, as well as cytokine production. Cepharanthine exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities.

Cordycepin (3'-Deoxyadenosine) is a purine nucleoside antimetabolite and antibiotic derived from the fungus [Cordyceps militaris], exhibiting potential antineoplastic activity.

Taxifolin (Dihydroquercetin) is a flavonoid in many plants such as Taxus chinensis, Siberian larch, Cedrus deodara and so on.

Conatumumab (AMG 655) is a monoclonal agonist antibody targeting human death receptor 5 [DR5, TRAILR2] with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 1 nM for long DR5 and 0.8 nM for short DR5. It induces apoptosis in various tumor types through caspase activation and can be used to study advanced solid tumors.

Madecassic acid (L-fucopyranose) is extracted from the whole herb of Centella asiatica.

Pomalidomide (CC-4047) is an anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory agent. Pomalidomide is a ligand for the ubiquitin E3 ligase cereblon (CRBN) and is commonly used in the synthesis of PROTAC products.

1. Negletein (7-O-Methylbaicalein) has anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities via inhibition of TNF-α, iNOS and IL-1β. 2. Negletein as a neuroprotectant enhances the action of nerve growth factor and induces neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. 3. Negletein shows a comparable redox-active potential, and it (50 μM, 4 h) can activate Nrf2. 4. Negletein shows significant antimicrobial activity. 5. Negletein has anti-hypoxia activity, it can significantly prolong the survival time of hypoxic mice.6. Negletein has anti- Alzheimer's disease activity, it inhibits the iron-dependent formation of ROS and also blocks the iron-induced oligomerization of amyloid beta 42 in vitro. 7. Negletein (IC50: 3.89 + - 0.39 microM) exhibits potent inhibitory activity against nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) transcription factor.

Neochlorogenic acid (trans-5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid) is an antioxidant compound used in the treatment of oxidative stress and related afflictions.

Kuwanon E, a flavonoid obtained from Morus alba, has potential anti-inflammatory activity, inhibits TNF-α and IL-1β secretion, and suppresses NF-κB nuclear translocation in LPS-stimulated macrophages.

LASSBio-1135 is an orally effective antagonist of TRPV1 and inhibitor of TNF-α production.

VU0285655-1(BML-280) is a potent and selective phospholipase D2 (PLD2) inhibitor that inhibits the proliferation of PLD2-deficient cells.VU0285655-1 has an inhibitory effect on high glucose-induced caspase-3 cleavage and reduction of cell viability.VU0285655-1 is used in the study of diabetic retinopathy.

Hispidol ((Z)-Hispidol) ((Z)-Hispidol) is a potential therapeutic for inflammatory bowel disease; inhibits TNF-α induced adhesion of monocytes to colon epithelial cells with an IC50 of 0.50 μM.

Pranlukast (ONO-1078) is a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor-1 antagonist. It antagonizes or reduces bronchospasm caused, principally in asthmatics, by an allergic reaction to accidentally or inadvertently encountered allergens.

UCB-5307 is a small molecule compound that inhibits TNFR1 signal transduction and downstream function in vitro. The KD of human TNFα is 9 nM. The TNF was directly bound by slow binding kinetics,KD= 6 nM. UCB-5307 can pass through prefabricated hTNF hTNFR1 complexes.

N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (N-Formyl-MLF) (fMLF) is a synthetic peptide that acts as an agonist at formyl peptide receptors (FPR; Ki = 0.8 pM).

Belantamab (GSK2857914) is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody against BCMA (TNFRSF17). Belantamab is a naked antibody to Belantamab mafodotin and can be used to synthesize antibody-active molecule conjugates (Belantamab mafodotin).

1. Mulberroside has nephroprotective, hypoglycemic, and antidiabetic effects. 2. Mulberroside A is a glycosylated stilbene of oxyresveratrol; thus, the deglycosylation of Mulberroside A resulted in enhanced inhibition of melanogenesis. 3. Mulberroside A has anti-inflammatory antiapoptotic effects. by decreasing the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 and inhibiting the activation of NALP3, caspase-1, and nuclear factor-κB and the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases, the c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38.

SR-318 is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of p38 MAPK, demonstrating IC50 values of 5 nM for p38α, 32 nM for p38β, and 6.11 μM for p38α β. It possesses both anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activity.

Dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol is the methanolic extract of Liriodendron tulipifera[1].