7 fluoro 2,1,3 benzoxadiazole 4 sulfonate (ammonium salt)

7-Fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonate (SBD-F) is a thiol-reactive fluorogenic probe.1It has been used to quantify the levels of homocysteine, cysteine, and cysteamine in human plasma.2SBD-F displays excitation/emission maxima of 380/515 nm, respectively.1 1.Imai, K., Toyo’oka, T., and Watanabe, Y.A novel fluorogenic reagent for thiols: Ammonium 7-fluorobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-sulfonateAnal. Biochem.128(2)471-473(1983) 2.Ichinose, S., Nakamura, M., Maeda, M., et al.A validated HPLC-fluorescence method with a semi-micro column for routine determination of homocysteine, cysteine and cysteamine, and the relation between the thiol derivatives in normal human plasmaBiomed. Chromatogr.23(9)935-939(2009)

2-(4-Hydroxyphenylazo)benzoicacid is a spectrophotometric probe that shows changes in absorption spectra upon binding to proteins and binds to bovine serum proteins.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic compound used to detect cellobiohydrolases.

6-Ethyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylchromen-2-one is a fluorescent dye.

Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde 4-nitrophenylhydrazone (PCNPH) serves as a chromogenic substrate for peroxidase enzymes, reacting to form a purple indamine dye in the presence of peroxidases and peroxides [1].

Mag-Indo-1 tetrapotassium salt is a cell-impermeable fluorescent probe designed for detecting Mg2+ [1].

4-Hydrazino-7-nitrobenzofurazan hydrazine adduct serves as a fluorescent reagent for protein labeling.

4-(2-Aminoethylamino)-7-(N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl)benzofurazan serves as a precolumn fluorescence derivatization reagent.

Cal Green 1 is a cell-impermeant fluorescent calcium indicator that is characterized by high quantum yield and low phototoxicity. Its peak excitation and emission wavelengths (506 and 531 nm, respectively) are comparable to standard fluorescein dyes, making Cal Green 1 appropriate for fluorescent microscopy. Cal Green 1 is ~5-fold brighter than fluo-3 at saturating calcium levels.

4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-Galactopyranoside-6-sulfate (sodium salt) (4-MU-Gal-6S) is a fluorogenic substrate used to quantify N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulphatase (GALNS) activity. 4-MU-Gal-6S is cleaved by GALNS to release the fluorescent moiety 4-MU. 4-MU fluorescence is pH-dependent with excitation maxima of 320 and 360 nm at low (1.97-6.72) and high (7.12-10.3) pH, respectively, and an emission maximum ranging from 445 to 455 nM, increasing as pH decreases. It has been used to detect Morquio disease type A, a lysosomal storage disorder in which GALNS is deficient. 4-MU-Gal-6S can be used to assess GALNS activity in a very small blood volume to determine the extent of deficiency.

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3 and Fluo-4 are most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators. Fluo-4, pentaammonium salt is an analog of fluo-3 with the two chlorine substituents replaced by fluorines, which results in increased fluorescence excitation at 488 nm and consequently higher fluorescence signal levels.

1-Palmitoyl-2-[3-(diphenylhexatriene)propanoyl]-sn-phosphatidylcholine, featuring a phosphatidylethanolamine head group, serves as a fluorescent probe to assess surface lipid oxidation in lipoproteins and plasma [1].

Fluo-3 (ammonium salt) is a fluorescent calcium indicator commonly used in flow cytometry and cell-based experiments to detect changes in intracellular calcium levels. [1] Its absorption maximum at 506 nm makes it compatible with excitation at 488 nm by argon-ion laser sources. Fluo-3 provides intense fluorescence upon binding calcium, detected at a maximum emission at 526 nm which can be monitored by FL1 (green, 525 nm band pass) sensors in flow cytometry.

2-Di-1-ASP is a mono-stryryl dye and widely used as mitochondrial stain and groove-binding fluorescent probes for double-stranded DNA. It has selective for G-quadruplex (G4) and double-stranded DNA.

Fura-2 is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator that can be used to detect calcium in cells. It is a pentacarboxylate that displays excitation maxima of 340 and 380 nm at high and low calcium concentrations, respectively, when the emission is fixed at 510 nm, enabling determination of ratiometric measurements of calcium influx in live cells.

N-[4-(2-Benzimidazolyl)phenyl]maleimide serves as a potent fluorescent probe featuring an excitation maximum at 315 nm and emission maximum at 360 nm, suitable for the fluorometry of thiol compounds [1].

4-(Benzyloxy)-2-nitrophenol serves as a synthetic precursor for constructing fluorescent ion indicators [1].

Rhod-2 (potassium salt) is a water-soluble, red fluorescent calcium indicator. It exhibits a significant shift in fluorescence intensity upon calcium binding (ex max = 549 nm; calcium-free v. ex/em max = 552/581 nm; calcium-bound). Unlike the UV-excitable indicators fura-2 and indo-1 , there is no accompanying spectral shift.

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3 and Fluo-4 are most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators. Fluo-4, pentapotassium salt is an analog of fluo-3 with the two chlorine substituents replaced by fluorines, which results in increased fluorescence excitation at 488 nm and consequently higher fluorescence signal levels.

Indo-1 (potassium salt) is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator. It is ideal for analyses using flow cytometry, as it uses a single excitation source, typically 349-364 nm light from an argon-ion laser. The emission maximum shifts from 475-485 nm without calcium to 400-410 nm when Indo-1 (potassium salt) binds calcium. Indo-1 (potassium salt) is prone to photobleaching, which limits its usefulness in methods involving microscopy.

5(6)-Carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is an oxidant-sensitive and cell-permeable fluorescent probe.1Base hydrolysis of the ester bonds by intracellular esterases releases the acetate groups and the resulting compound, 5(6)-carboxy-2’,7’,-dichlorofluorescein, is oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and displays excitation/emission maxima of 504 and 530 nm, respectively, which can be quantified as a measure of oxidant production. 1.Hempel, S.L., Buettner, G.R., O’Malley, Y.Q., et al.Dihydrofluorescein diacetate is superior for detecting intracellular oxidants: Comparison with 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, 5(and 6)-carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and dihydrorhodamine 123Free Radic. Biol. Med.27(1-2)146-159(1999)

C.I. Direct Red 1, disodium salt is a dye.

3-Methyl-8-(2'-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)isoxanthopterin serves as a pteridine-based fluorescent guanosine analogue and DNA uptake tracer utilized extensively for investigation into DNA binding and dynamics. It exhibits an absorbance peak at 350 nm and a corresponding emission peak at 430 nm [1].

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-sulfamino-2-deoxy-α-D-Glucopyranoside (4-MU-α-GlcNS) is a fluorogenic substrate of heparin sulphamidase. Heparin sulphamidase cleaves 4-MU-α-GlcNS to yield 4-MU-α-GlcNH2, which is then cleaved by α-glucosaminidase to release the fluorescent product 4-MU, which displays an emission maxima of 445-454 nm. The excitation maxima for 4-MU is pH-dependent: 330, 370, and 385 nm at pH 4.6, 7.4, and 10.4, respectively. 4-MU-α-GlcNS has been used to quantify heparin sulphamidase deficiencies associated with Mucopolisaccaridosis IIIA and other lysosomal disorders.

Fura-2 is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator that can be used to detect calcium in cells. [1] It is a pentacarboxylate that displays excitation maxima of 340 and 380 nm at high and low calcium concentrations, respectively, when the emission is fixed at 510 nm, enabling determination of ratiometric measurements of calcium influx in live cells.

Quin-2 is a high-affinity fluorescent calcium indicator (Kd = 115 nM for calcium). It displays high selectivity for calcium, as it is not affected by sodium gradients, membrane potential, or intracellular pH. High affinity probes like quin-2 are ideal for monitoring low levels of calcium, as are found in resting cells. Loadings of up to 2 mM quin-2 are without serious toxic effects, so quin-2 may be used to buffer intracellular calcium transients. Excitation/emission maxima for quin-2 are 339 and 492 nm, respectively.

Fluo-3 (potassium salt) is a fluorescent calcium indicator commonly used in flow cytometry and cell-based experiments to detect changes in intracellular calcium levels. Its absorption maximum at 506 nm makes it compatible with excitation at 488 nm by argon-ion laser sources. Fluo-3 provides intense fluorescence upon binding calcium, detected at a maximum emission at 526 nm which can be monitored by FL1 (green, 525 nm band pass) sensors in flow cytometry.

7-Acetoxy-4-bromomethylcoumarin serves as a fluorescent label for fatty acids.

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3 and Fluo-4 are most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators. Fluo-4, pentasodium salt is an analog of fluo-3 with the two chlorine substituents replaced by fluorines, which results in increased fluorescence excitation at 488 nm and consequently higher fluorescence signal levels.

4-Di-1-ASP, a styryl dye, selectively stains glioma cells within live brain tissue, facilitating microscopic analysis of cell structure, viability, and processes including proliferation, endocytosis, cytokinesis, and phagocytosis. It also allows for the observation of mitochondrial structures in living cells. The dye exhibits green fluorescence when visualized under a microscope (λ ex /λ em = 475/606 nm) [1] [2].

2'(3')-O-Anthraniloyladenosine-5'-O-triphosphate (2'-ANT-ATP) and its isomer 3'-ANT-ATP are fluorescent derivatives of ATP that spontaneously isomerize. Emitting a maximum light of 428 nm when excited at 330 nm in water, 2'(3')-ANT-ATP specifically inhibits several types of adenylyl cyclase (AC) including mammalian AC1, AC2, and AC5 with inhibition constants (Kis) of 130, 640, and 120 nM, respectively. It also inhibits Bordetella pertussis AC toxin CyaA with Kis of 1.3 µM (in the presence of manganese) and 20 µM (in the presence of magnesium), Bacillus anthracis AC toxin edema factor with Kis of 0.44 µM (with manganese) and 5.15 µM (with magnesium), and Escherichia coli recombinase A (RecA) with a Ki of 6.3 µM.

2'(3')-O-Anthraniloylguanosine-5'-O-triphosphate (2'-ANT-GTP) and 3'-ANT-GTP are fluorescent derivatives of GTP that exhibit spontaneous isomerization. 2'(3')-ANT-GTP features an emission peak at 428 nm when excited at 330 nm in aqueous conditions. It functions as an inhibitor of several adenylyl cyclases, notably mammalian adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1; Ki = 10 nM with manganese), inhibits B. anthracis adenylyl cyclase toxin edema factor (Kis = 4.1 and 13 µM with manganese and magnesium, respectively), and B. pertussis adenylyl cyclase toxin CyaA (Ki = 29 µM with manganese).

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3, pentapotassium salt is most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators.

7-Hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid, SE is the amine-reactive succinimidyl ester of 7-Hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid. This coumarin is also increasingly used to label peptides, nucleotides and carbohydrates.

7-Methoxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid is used for HPLC derivatization. It is also used to develop FRET probes for analyzing protease activities.

7-Ethoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin is a fluorogenic substrate for cytochrome P450s (CYPs).1Upon O-deethylation by CYPs, 7-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin (HFC) is released and its fluorescence can be used to quantify CYP activity. HFC displays excitation/emission maxima of 410/510 nm, respectively. 1.Buters, J.T.M., Schiller, C.D., and Chou, R.C.A highly sensitive tool for the assay of cytochrome P450 enzyme activity in rat, dog and man. Direct fluorescence monitoring of the deethylation of 7-ethoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarinBiochem. Pharmacol.46(9)1577-1584(1993)

Rhod-2 (sodium salt) is a water-soluble, red fluorescent calcium indicator. It exhibits a significant shift in fluorescence intensity upon calcium binding (ex max = 549 nm; calcium-free v. ex/em max = 552/581 nm; calcium-bound). [1][2] Unlike the UV-excitable indicators fura-2 and indo-1 , there is no accompanying spectral shift.

AMCA-X, N-succinimidyl ester is an amine-reactive, UV-excitable, blue fluroscent dye.

2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl 2-(7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)acetate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T67683 and the CAS number is 96735-88-5.

7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetic acid is a blue fluorophore that has pH-dependent and environment-sensitive fluorescence. This coumarin is increasingly used to label peptides, nucleotides and carbohydrates.

2',7'-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (Diacetyldichlorofluorescein), a cell-permeable fluorogenic probe, is useful for the detection of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for the determination of the degree of overall oxidative stress.

7-Hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid is a blue fluorophores for labeling proteins and nucleic acids mostly through the in situ formation of its succinimidyl ester catalyzed by EDAC.

7-(Diethylamino)-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T66262 and the CAS number is 91-44-1.

2-(Naphthalen-1-yl)-5-phenyloxazole (α-NPO) is an organic fluorescent dye with a nitrogen atom within its structure, which may interact with the nitrogen introduced during the amination step [1].

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-b-D-glucuronide sodium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64896 and the CAS number is 129541-41-9.

7-Dimethylaminocoumarin-4-acetic acid is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64950 and the CAS number is 80883-54-1.

4,4'-((4-Iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methylene)dianiline hydrochloride is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64740 and the CAS number is 569-61-9.

L-Leu-AMC is a fluorogenic substrate for leucine aminopeptidase.1Upon enzymatic cleavage by leucine aminopeptidase, AMC is released and its fluorescence can be used to quantify leucine aminopeptidase activity. AMC displays excitation/emission maxima of 340-360/440-460 nm, respectively. 1.Izquierdo, M., Lin, D., O’Neill, S., et al.Development of a high-throughput screening assay to identify inhibitors of the major M17-leucyl aminopeptidase from Trypanosoma cruzi using rapidfire mass spectrometrySLAS Discov.25(9)1064-1071(2020)

Fluo-3 is a fluorescent calcium indicator commonly used in flow cytometry and cell-based experiments to detect changes in intracellular calcium levels. Its absorption maximum at 506 nm makes it compatible with excitation at 488 nm by argon-ion laser sources. Fluo-3 provides intense fluorescence upon binding calcium, detected at a maximum emission at 526 nm which can be monitored by FL1 (green, 525 nm band pass) sensors in flow cytometry.

2-(7-Hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T65277 and the CAS number is 6950-82-9.