migration

Immune cell migration-IN-2 is a potent inhibitor of immune cell migration, exhibiting an EC50 value of 13.5 nM in a T-cell adhesion assay. This compound is utilized in research pertaining to dry-eye and other retinal diseases [1]. As a click chemistry reagent, Immune cell migration-IN-2 possesses an alkyne group, enabling it to participate in copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAc) with azide-containing molecules.

(E)-Ferulic acid ((E)-Coniferic acid) causes the phosphorylation of β-catenin, resulting in proteasomal degradation of β-catenin and increases the expression of pro-apoptotic factor Bax and decreases the expression of pro-survival factor survivin.t(E)-Ferulic acid exert both anti-proliferation and anti-migration effects in the human lung cancer cell line H1299.

Phthalate ester used as plasticizers and additives. Used in toxicology studies as well as risk assessment studies of food contamination that occurs via migration of phthalates into foodstuffs from food-contact materials (FCM).

The combination of Valproic acid with Coumarin-3-carboxylic acid (3-Carboxycoumarin) suppresses the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells via EGFR/VEGFR2/c-Met-Akt-NF-κB signaling pathways; this combination may have a wide therapeutic and/or adjuvant therapeutic application in the treatment of lung cancer.

Hyaluronic acid sodium (Sodium Hyaluronate) is an anionic, nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective, epithelial, and neural tissues. It is unique among glycosaminoglycans in that it is nonsulfated, forms in the plasma membrane instead of the Golgi, and can be very large, with its molecular weight often reaching the millions. One of the chief components of the extracellular matrix, hyaluronic acid contributes significantly to cell proliferation and migration, and may also be involved in the progression of some malignant tumors.

Allicin exerts antioxidant, bactericidal, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory activities, it exerts an inhibitory immunomodulatory effect on intestinal epithelial cells. Allicin could significantly inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells' proliferation and migration induced by insulin, which may be related to the inhibition of the activation of ERK signal path. Allicin is beneficial in reducing blood cholesterol, triglycerides levels and systolic blood pressure in hypercholesterolemic rats, it may beneficially affect two risk factors for atherosclerosis-hyperlipidemia and hypertension.

Royal Jelly acid (Queen Bee Acid) inhibits VEGF-induced angiogenesis, cell migration, and proliferation.

γ-Aminobutyric acid (4-Aminobutyric acid) is the predominant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.

beta-Escin is a natural mixture of triterpenoid saponins isolated from horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) seeds, can be used as a vasoprotective anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-nociceptive agent.

Nothofagin has antioxidant, and antithrombotic activities, it possesses anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting hyperpermeability, expression of CAMs, and adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases.

Paeonoside, found in P. suffruticosa, is biologically active and can promote wound healing and migration during osteoblast differentiation. Paeonoside has certain antidiabetic activity and may prevent sepsis and death from sepsis. Paeonoside has no cytotoxic effect on preosteoblasts of MC3T3-E1 cells, significantly restores the wound area and promotes cell migration and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and its activity in a dose-dependent manner.

(-)-Anonaine can be extracted from several species of Magnoliaceae and Annelidae and has antimalarial, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anticancer, antidepressant and vasodilatory activities. (-)-Anonaine induces apoptosis in human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells, induces DNA damage and inhibits the growth and migration of human lung cancer h1299 cells through Bax and caspase-dependent pathways.

Astragalin (Kaempferol 3-O-glucoside) is a biologically active natural flavonoid. It has a variety of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective properties.

Wedelolactone (IKK Inhibitor II) inhibits NF-κB-mediated gene transcription in cells by blocking the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα.

1. Oroxylin A (Baicalein 6-methyl ether) has various anti-tumor effects including apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, drug-resistant reversion. 2. Oroxylin A possesses abilities of inhibiting the ATRA-induced IL-6 production via modulation of LAP/LIP/CHOP in leukemia cell lines, which could providing a therapeutic strategy for RAS. 3. Oroxylin A inhibits UCP2s triggers the MPTP opening, and promotes the apoptosis in CaCo-2 cells; uncoupling protein 2 plays a key role in mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. 4. Oroxylin A inhibits N1ICD translocating to the nucleus and binding to epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related transcription factor Snail, thus suppressing the invasion and migration of MCF-7 cells. 5. Oroxylin A improves the sensitivity of K562/ADM cells by increasing apoptosis in leukemic cells and decreasing the expression of CXCR4 and PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, and probably served as a most promising agent for CML treatment.

Bacopaside II is a potential anti-angiogenic agent, it can reduce endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis and induce apoptosis.

Licochalcone D may be a potential drug for human melanoma treatment by inhibiting proliferation, inducing apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway and blocking cell migration and invasion. Licochalcone D has cardioprotective potential against myocardial is

1. Orientin (Luteolin-8-glucoside) may be regarded as a candidate therapeutic agent for treatment of vascular inflammatory diseases via inhibition of the HMGB1 signaling pathway. 2. Orientin protects vascular barrier integrity by inhibiting hyperpermeability, expression of CAMs, and adhesion and migration of leukocytes, thereby endorsing its usefulness as a therapy for vascular inflammatory diseases. 3. Orientin has neuroprotection effect by the intracellular mediation of caspase activity; may alleviate cognitive deficits and oxidative stress in AD mice; can exert antidepressant-like effects on CUMS mice, specifically by improving central oxidative stress, neurotransmission, and neuroplasticity.

Carbenoxolone (Biogastrone) is an inhibitor of 11β-HSD and gap junction connexin channels. Carbenoxolone inhibits macrophage migration into atria and prevents the development of fatty liver disease.

Sulforaphene is a natural product isolated from radish seeds, exhibits an ED50 against velvetleaf seedlings approximately 2 x 10 -4 M. Sulforaphene promotes cancer cells apoptosis and inhibits migration via inhibiting EGFR, p-ERK1 2, NF‐κB and other signa

4',6,7-Trimethoxyisoflavone promotes wound healing through NOX2 induction, which leads to collective migration and MMP activation.

Beta-mangostin (β-Mangostin) is a xanthone compound with antibacterial and antimalarial activities. Beta-mangostin present in Cratoxylum arborescens and exhibits antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis with an MIC of 6.25 μg mL. Beta-mangostin possesses in vitro antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum, with an IC50 of 3.00 μg mL. Beta-mangostin has potent anticancer activity against various cancers (such as hepatocellular carcinoma, leukaemic).

Alloimperatorin (Prangenidin) exhibits in vitro antitumor activity in HL-60 acute myeloid leukemia cancer cells via inducing apoptosis, cell cycle disruption and inhibition of cell migration. It photosensitizes efficiently the hemolysis of erythrocytes.

Morellic acid has anti-cancer activity, it strongly inhibited the migration of HUVEC at a low concentration of 0.5 μM in HUVEC cell migration assay in vitro. Morellic acid also has antiangiogenic activity.

19-Hydroxybufalin is a natural product, inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition and attenuates the migration and invasion of PC3 cells.

Vestitol is a phytoalexin with insect feeding-deterrent activity, it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities, it can inhibit neutrophil migration at a dose of 10 mg/kg, and shows MICs ranging from 25-50 to 50-100 ug/mL and MBCs ranging from 25-50 to 50-100 ug/mL.Vestitol exerts a limited inhibitory effect on S. hermonthica germination, it can significantly inhibit seedling growth, it also contributes, at least in part, to the host's defence mechanism and acts as a chemical barrier against the intrusion of the parasite.

Phellodendrine chloride has anti-nephritic activity, may be due to its ability to inhibit the proliferation or the migration of macrophages and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the glomeruli.

Ethyl beta-D-fructofuranoside shows positive anti-tumor cells migration effects.

Morusinol is a flavonoid extracted from the root bark of Morus alba. Morusinol has antiplatelet and anticancer activities, inhibits arterial thrombosis in vivo, and exerts antitumor activity by inducing autophagy, G2/M cell cycle blockade, inhibiting cell invasion and migration, and targeting the Ras/MEK/ERK pathway.

Soyasaponin Ac can decrease the drug resistance via EMT pathway and weaken the migration ability of ovarian cancer cells.

Resolvin D1 (RvD1) is an endogenous pro-inflammatory mediator that blocks pro-inflammatory neutrophil migration by regulating actin polymerization, reduces TNF-α-mediated inflammation in macrophages, and enhances macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells.

Chamaejasmenin B is a compound isolated from Stellera chamaejasme L. Chamaejasmenin B has anticancer and antitumor activity, inhibiting cancer cell migration and invasion, and inhibiting tumor metastasis.Chamaejasmenin B is used in the study of cancers such as breast cancer.

Lasiodin (Lasiokaurin) is a diterpene compound from the plant Camellia sinensis that inhibits the proliferation of NPC cells. Lasiodin has antioxidant, antitumor and antibacterial activities, induces cell cycle length and apoptosis, induces cell migration and invasion, and can be used in the study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Norartocarpetin is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor exhibiting significant antibrowning properties useful for food system research, with an IC50 of 0.47 μM. Furthermore, it demonstrates substantial anticancer activity specifically in lung carcinoma cells (NCI-H460), achieving an IC50 of 22 μM. The antiproliferative effects of Norartocarpetin are achieved through targeting the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway, inducing mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, facilitating S-phase cell cycle arrest, and inhibiting cell migration and invasion in human lung carcinoma cells.

7-epi-Isogarcinol, a polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol (PPAP), exhibits moderate antiproliferative activity by blocking the STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell migration [1].

Tomentosin, a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Caspian sea raspberry, has potential anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, promoting apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation, migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells.

Germanicol induces selective growth inhibitory effects in human colon HCT-116 and HT29 cancer cells through induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration. Germanicol may have anti-inflammatory effects .

Pimaric acid has potent anti-atherosclerotic activity with inhibitory action on matrix metalloproteinase-9 production and cell migration in TNF-α±-induced human aortic smooth muscle cells.

1. Phellodendrine (Phallodendrin) has anti-nephritic activity, may be due to its ability to inhibit the proliferation or the migration of macrophages and cytotoxic T lymphocytes in the glomeruli.

Batatasin III inhibits cancer migration and invasion by suppressing epithelial to mesenchymal transition and FAK-AKT signals and possesses anti-cancer activities. Batatasin III has a long-term inhibitory effect on whole-plant growth and shows germination

L-Sepiapterin, also known as Sepiapterin, is a precursor compound crucial for the production of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), which serves as a coenzyme for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). This compound demonstrates its efficacy by improving endothelial dysfunction in small mesenteric arteries from db db mice and promoting angiogenesis. Moreover, L-Sepiapterin exerts inhibitory effects on cellular proliferation and migration in ovarian cancer cells through the down-regulation of p70S6K-dependent vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) expression[1][2].

α-Solanine (alpha-Solanine) is an alkaloid derived from potato with anticancer and antitumor activity, attenuating chondrocyte death by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. α-Solanine inhibits the proliferation and migration of glioma cells but promotes apoptosis of glioma cells.

Tirucallol is an antiinflammatory agent isolated from Euphorbia lactea.Tirucallol exerts a topical anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, via a mechanism of action related to the neutrophil migration.

1. Biotransformation of glucoAurantio-obtusin towards Aurantio-obtusin increased the toxicity of irinotecan through increased inhibition of SN-38 glucuronidation. 2. Aurantio-obtusin, stimulated chemotactic migration of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells in a conc

Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (PB-005) influences the migration of neurons, arborization of dendrites, and formation of new synapses.

1. Coptisine (Coptisin) treatment increases cell viability based on its reversal effect on the enhanced activity of Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase . 2. Coptisine treats myocardial I/R likely through suppressing myocardial apoptosis and inflammation by inhibiting the Rho/ROCK pathway. 3. Coptisine is a potential anti-osteosarcoma drug candidate, via exerting a strong anti-osteosarcoma effect with very low toxicity . 4. Coptisine with a high dosage could inhibit cholesterol synthesis via suppressing the HMGCR expression and promoting the use and excretion of cholesterol via up-regulating LDLR and CYP7A1 expression. 5. Coptisine suppresses adhesion, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro, the down-regulation of MMP-9 in combination with the increase of TIMP-1 possibly contributing to the anti-metastatic function for breast cancer.

1. (±)-Praeruptorin A could exhibit its anti-osteoclastogenic activity by inhibiting p38/Akt-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling and PLCγ-independent Ca(2+) oscillation 2. Praeruptorin A has the potential to inhibit migration/fusion of preosteoclasts in vitro and bone erosion in vivo by targeting calmodulin and inhibiting the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-CaMKIV-CREB-NFATc1 and/or Ca(2+)/calmodulin-calcineurin-NFATc1 signaling axis. 3. Praeruptorin A and praeruptorin C can significantly upregulate multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 expression via the constitutive androstane receptor-mediated pathway in vitro, and this should be taken as an herb-drug interaction.

Angustifoline has activity against gram-positive bacteria. It inhibits human colon cancer cell growth by inducing autophagy along with mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis, suppression of cell invasion and migration and stimulating G2/M cell cycle arrest.

Physalin B is one of the major active compounds from the Solanaceae family of plants and has a wide range of biological activities for the treatment of inflammatory eczema and herpes, among other diseases.Physalin B ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response due to acute lung injury by inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.Physalin B inhibits PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation and migration and phenotypic transformation through activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Physalin B inhibits PDGF-BB-induced VSMC proliferation, migration and phenotypic transformation through activation of the Nrf2 pathway.Physalin B exerts antitumor activity by inhibiting LAP2α-HDAC1-mediated deacetylation of glioma-associated oncogene 1 and hepatic stellate cell activation.

Kaempferol-7-O-neohesperidoside, a flavonoid glycoside derived from Litchi chinensis, has antiprostate cancer activity, inhibits PCa cell proliferation and migration, and causes cell cycle arrest in the S phase.