Antioxidant peptide A acetate is a short peptide, which contains alternative aromatic or sulfur-containing amino acid.

Antioxidant Agent-9, a peptide featuring the Asp-Trp sequence, exhibits antioxidant properties and demonstrates potential as an antiviral against SARS-CoV-2, possessing an affinity strength comparable to that of Chloroquine and Favipiravir [1] [2].

Antioxidant peptide A is a short peptide, which contains alternative aromatic or sulfur-containing amino acid.

Elamipretide (MTP-131) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant tetrapeptide (D-Arg-dimethylTyr-Lys-Phe-NH2) that reduces toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and stabilizes cardiolipin, with blood-brain-barrier permeability. Elamipretide is a potential therapeutic agent in the rare disease of Barnes syndrome.

H-PRO-HIS-CYS-LYS-ARG-MET-OH acetate acts as antioxidant by reacting with active oxygen species such as superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.

Homocarnosine acetate is a dipeptide unique to brain consisting of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and histidine. Homocarnosine acetate has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, prevention of DNA damage, and inhibition of advanced glycation end-product formation

GLP-1(28-36)amide acetate inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition with antioxidant, anti-diabetic and cardioprotection activities.

Pinealon Acetategland has antioxidant activity and can directly interact with the cell genome.

Obestatin (rat) acetate is an endogenous ligand of G-protein coupled receptor 39 (GPR39). Obestatin (rat) acetate has anti-inflammatory, anti-myocardial infarction and antioxidant properties. Obestatin (rat) acetate suppresses food intake, inhibits jejunal contraction, and decreases body-weight gain.

L-Glutathione reduced (Glutathione) is a naturally occurring tripeptide found in cells as an endogenous antioxidant that scavenges oxygen free radicals. L-Glutathione reduced is a cofactor for certain enzymes and is involved in the rearrangement of protein disulfide bonds and the reduction of peroxides.

MHLWAAK, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capabilities. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against H2O2-induced oxidative damage [1].

MAQAAEYYR, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals. It also confers protection to zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

MHLWAAK TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties. It effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

GLP-1(28-36)amide, a C-terminal nonapeptide derived from the cleavage of GLP-1 by neutral endopeptidase (NEP), is a significant product. It functions as an antioxidant and primarily targets the mitochondrion, where it effectively inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). This compound exhibits anti-diabetic properties and demonstrates cardioprotection effects[1].

MDYYFEER, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits strong DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities. It has been demonstrated to protect zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

MDYYFEER TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging capability. This compound effectively shields zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

H-Leu-Leu-Ala-OH, a tripeptide consisting of two L-leucine residues linked to L-alanine via peptide bonds, exhibits antioxidant activities [1].

MAQAAEYYR TFA, an antioxidant peptide derived from the pancreatin hydrolysate of C-phycocyanin, exhibits potent DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging properties. It confers protection to zebrafish larvae against oxidative damage induced by H2O2 [1].

IGF-I (24-41) is a 24-41 amino acid fragment of Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I). IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective

AHK, a bioactive peptide known for its antioxidant properties, has been employed as a cosmetic ingredient [1].

Tetrapeptide-1 is a bioactive peptide renowned for its antioxidant properties and has been cited as an ingredient in cosmetics [1].

δ-Sleep Inducing Peptide (DSIP) is a neuropeptide, with antioxidant and anxiolytic properties.

Oxytocin acetate (α-Hypophamine acetate) is a mammalian neurohypophysial hormone, a ligand of oxytocin receptor.

TP4 (Nile tilapia piscidin) is an orally active piscidin-like antimicrobial peptide that exhibits inhibition of various gram-positive and negative bacterial strains with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 0.03 to 10 μg/mL. It demonstrates hemolytic activity and promotes immune response, antioxidant activity, and intestinal health in the presence of bacterial infections. Additionally, TP4 has an anti-tumor effect and induces necrosis in cancer cells by triggering mitochondrial dysfunction [1] [2] [3].

δ-Sleep Inducing Peptide acetate, a neuropeptide, exhibits antioxidant and anxiolytic properties [1] [2].

Kisspeptin-10, rat TFA serves as both a potent vasoconstrictor and an inhibitor of angiogenesis, as well as acting as a ligand for the rodent kisspeptin receptor (KISS1, GPR54). Additionally, Kisspeptin-10 TFA demonstrates potential antioxidant properties by reducing Methotrexate-induced reproductive toxicity [1].

Insulin-like Growth Factor I (24-41) TFA, a fragment comprising amino acids 24 to 41 of the full IGF-I TFA molecule, is a variant of IGF-I TFA, which itself is a 70 amino acid polypeptide hormone. This hormone serves as a trophic factor beneficial for both neurons and glial cells, playing a significant role in mediating the effects of growth hormone (GH) on systemic growth. Additionally, IGF-I TFA exhibits anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective properties. The specific fragment IGF-I (24-41) TFA is involved in regulating somatic growth as well as behavioral development [1] [2] [3].

Maculosin is a secondary metabolite of fungi and bacteria.

Lunasin, a bioactive peptide derived from soybean, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and anti-aging properties. It operates through an epigenetic mechanism linked to histone acetylation and has the ability to penetrate cells and impede the formation of oncospheres in cancer cells [1].

MTP 131 is a mitochondria-targeted peptide antioxidant.1,2It localizes to the mitochondria and reducestert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells when used at concentrations ranging from 0.001 to 1 nM.1MTP 131 (2 mg/kg) reduces infarct volume, hemispheric swelling, and glutathione (GSH) depletion in a mouse model of acute cerebral ischemia induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO).2It increases survival, improves motor function, and decreases degeneration of the lumbar spinal cord in a superoxide dismutase 1 mutant (SOD1G93A) transgenic mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) when administered at a dose of 5 mg/kg. MTP 131 reduces albuminuria, urinary hydrogen peroxide levels, and mesangial matrix accumulation, as well as preserves superoxide production, in adb/dbmouse model of diabetic nephropathy.3 1.Zhao, K., Luo, G., Giannelli, S., et al.Mitochondria-targeted peptide prevents mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis induced by tert-butyl hydroperoxide in neuronal cell linesBiochem. Pharmacol.70(12)1796-1806(2005) 2.Szeto, H.H.Mitochondria-targeted peptide antioxidants: Novel neuroprotective agentsAAPS J.8(3)E521-E531(2006) 3.Miyamoto, S., Zhang, G., Hall, D., et al.Restoring mitochondrial superoxide levels with elamipretide (MTP-131) protects db/db mice against progression of diabetic kidney diseaseJ. Biol. Chem.295(21)7249-7260(2020)

GLP-1(28-36)amide TFA, a C-terminal nonapeptide derived from GLP-1 cleavage by neutral endopeptidase (NEP), acts as an antioxidant targeting mitochondria. It inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), exhibiting anti-diabetic and cardioprotective effects [1].

IGF-I is partly responsible for systemic GH activities although it possesses a wide number of own properties (anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective actions).IGF-I (24-41) (TFA) is amino acids 24 to 41 fragment of Insulin-like Growth

Nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is an endogenous transnitrosation donor involved in S-nitrosation of a variety of cellular proteins. GSNO, an exogenous NO donor and substrate of rat alcohol dehydrogenase class III isoenzyme, inhibits cerebral angiotensin II-dependent and -independent AT1 receptor responses.

L-Carnosine (Karnozin) is is an antioxidant naturally found in skeletal muscle, brain tissue. It has the potential to suppress many of the biochemical changes that accompany aging.

IGF-I (30-41) (TFA) is a fragment consisting of amino acids 30 to 41 from Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), a compound responsible in part for systemic GH (Growth Hormone) activities. It exhibits an array of properties including anabolic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective actions [1].

L-Alanyl-L-glutamine (Ala-Gln), a dipeptide composed of alanine and Gln, is an alternative supplement to L-glutamine in the production of biopharmaceuticals with better solubility and stability than glutamine (Gln).

γ-Glutamyl-S-allylcysteine (L-γ-Glutamyl-(S)-Allyl-Cysteine) is a γ-glutamyl peptide extracted from Allium sativum L. γ-Glutamyl-S-allylcysteine possesses anti-glycation and antioxidant activities, and can inhibit the cholesterol biosynthesis.