4 methylumbelliferyl β d galactopyranoside 6 sulfate (sodium salt)

4-Methylumbelliferyl β-D-Galactopyranoside-6-sulfate (sodium salt) (4-MU-Gal-6S) is a fluorogenic substrate used to quantify N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulphatase (GALNS) activity. 4-MU-Gal-6S is cleaved by GALNS to release the fluorescent moiety 4-MU. 4-MU fluorescence is pH-dependent with excitation maxima of 320 and 360 nm at low (1.97-6.72) and high (7.12-10.3) pH, respectively, and an emission maximum ranging from 445 to 455 nM, increasing as pH decreases. It has been used to detect Morquio disease type A, a lysosomal storage disorder in which GALNS is deficient. 4-MU-Gal-6S can be used to assess GALNS activity in a very small blood volume to determine the extent of deficiency.

D-Luciferin Sodium is a heterocyclic light-emitting compound and natural ligand for luciferase used to detect cell activity. The salt form of luciferin dissolves in water or other typical buffers.

MOPS sodium salt (MOPS-Na) is a novel stabilizer maintaining the pH of mammalian cell culture media. It used as a buffer for the native structure of BSA against thermal denaturation.MOPS sodium salt(3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid sodium salt) is commonly used as a buffer in biology.

Dextran sulfate sodium salt (MW 40000) is a glucose dehydrating polymer with a molecular weight of 40000.

4-Methylumbelliferyl heptanoate (4-Methylumbelliferyl enanthate) is a lipase fluorescent substrate that detects cell-mediated cytotoxicity and cell proliferation.

Sulforhodamine B sodium salt (Acid Red 52) is a fluorescent dye. It can be used from laser-induced fluorescence to the quantification of cellular proteins of cultured cells.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-cellobioside is a chromogenic compound used to detect cellobiohydrolases.

6-Ethyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylchromen-2-one is a fluorescent dye.

Resorufin sodium salt (NSC-12097 sodium salt) is a fluorescent pink dye.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide hydrate (MUG) is a fluorogenic substrate (λex=362 nm, λem=445 nm).

DIDS sodium salt (MDL101114ZA) is a dual inhibitor of the proteins ABCA1 and VDAC1.

Rhod-2 (sodium salt) is a water-soluble, red fluorescent calcium indicator. It exhibits a significant shift in fluorescence intensity upon calcium binding (ex max = 549 nm; calcium-free v. ex/em max = 552/581 nm; calcium-bound). [1][2] Unlike the UV-excitable indicators fura-2 and indo-1 , there is no accompanying spectral shift.

Fluorescein di(β-D-galactopyranoside) is a fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase (λem=535 nm, λex=485 nm).

7-Fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonate (SBD-F) is a thiol-reactive fluorogenic probe.1It has been used to quantify the levels of homocysteine, cysteine, and cysteamine in human plasma.2SBD-F displays excitation/emission maxima of 380/515 nm, respectively.1 1.Imai, K., Toyo’oka, T., and Watanabe, Y.A novel fluorogenic reagent for thiols: Ammonium 7-fluorobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole-4-sulfonateAnal. Biochem.128(2)471-473(1983) 2.Ichinose, S., Nakamura, M., Maeda, M., et al.A validated HPLC-fluorescence method with a semi-micro column for routine determination of homocysteine, cysteine and cysteamine, and the relation between the thiol derivatives in normal human plasmaBiomed. Chromatogr.23(9)935-939(2009)

4-Nitrophenyl β-D-xylopyranoside serves as a chromogenic substrate for β-xylosidase, facilitating the assessment of enzyme activity.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-α-L-fucopyranoside serves as a fluorogenic substrate for α-L-fucosidase, releasing 4-methylumbelliferone (4-ΜU) upon enzymatic cleavage by the enzyme. The fluorescence of 4-ΜU, with excitation/emission maxima at 350/440 nm, respectively, allows for the quantification of α-L-fucosidase activity.

4-Methylumbelliferyl-β-D-galactoside (MUG) is a fluorogenic substrate for β-galactosidase (β-gal).1Hydrolysis of MUG by β-gal releases the fluorescent moiety 4-MU, which displays a pH-dependent excitation maximum of 330, 370, and 385 nm at pH 4.6, 7.4, and 10.4, respectively, and an emission maximum between 445-454 nm.2MUG has been used to detect β-gal activity in intact bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells.1 1.Vidal-Aroca, F., Giannattasio, M., Brunelli, E., et al.One-step high-throughput assay for quantitative detection of β-galactosidase activity in intact Gram-negative bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cellsBiotechniques40(4)433-434(2006) 2.Zhi, H., Wang, J., Wang, S., et al.Fluorescent properties of hymecromone and fluorimetric analysis of hymecromone in compound dantong capsuleJ. Spectrosc.1(1)147128(2013)

4-Methylumbelliferyl oleate is a fluorescent substrate for lipases (Ex/Em=320/450 nm), which can be cleaved by lipase and can be used to measure pancreatic inhibitory activity.

Sodium 2,2',2'',2'''-((((1,1-dioxido-3H-benzo[c][1,2]oxathiole-3,3-diyl)bis(6-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methyl-3,1-phenylene))bis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T65315 and the CAS number is 1945-77-3.

6-Chloro-3-indoxyl-α-D-mannopyranoside serves as a chromogenic substrate for the enzyme α-mannosidase, generating a salmon-colored precipitate upon enzymatic cleavage.

4-Methylumbelliferyl palmitate serves as a potent fluorophore to assay acid lipase activity in human leukocytes, with its fluorescence significantly affected by acidity and solvent properties. In near-neutral aqueous solutions, it predominates in a neutral molecular form, emitting strong fluorescence at 445 nm, whereas in weakly alkaline solutions, it primarily exists in an anionic form, resulting in even stronger fluorescence at the same wavelength [1] [2].

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3 and Fluo-4 are most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators. Fluo-4, pentaammonium salt is an analog of fluo-3 with the two chlorine substituents replaced by fluorines, which results in increased fluorescence excitation at 488 nm and consequently higher fluorescence signal levels.

Fura-2 is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator that can be used to detect calcium in cells. It is a pentacarboxylate that displays excitation maxima of 340 and 380 nm at high and low calcium concentrations, respectively, when the emission is fixed at 510 nm, enabling determination of ratiometric measurements of calcium influx in live cells.

Fluo-3 is a fluorescent calcium indicator commonly used in flow cytometry and cell-based experiments to detect changes in intracellular calcium levels. Its absorption maximum at 506 nm makes it compatible with excitation at 488 nm by argon-ion laser sources. Fluo-3 provides intense fluorescence upon binding calcium, detected at a maximum emission at 526 nm which can be monitored by FL1 (green, 525 nm band pass) sensors in flow cytometry.

4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphate (4-MUP) (4-MUP) is used as a fluorogenic substrate of alkaline phosphatases.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-b-D-glucuronide sodium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64896 and the CAS number is 129541-41-9.

4-Methylumbelliferyl phosphate disodium (4-MUP), an anionic organophosphate, serves as a fluorogenic substrate for acid and alkaline phosphatases. Additionally, this compound acts as a simulant for nerve agents [1] [2] [3].

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3 and Fluo-4 are most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators. Fluo-4, pentapotassium salt is an analog of fluo-3 with the two chlorine substituents replaced by fluorines, which results in increased fluorescence excitation at 488 nm and consequently higher fluorescence signal levels.

AA-dUTP [sodium salt] is a fluorescent dye used for staining cDNA.

8-(4-Azidophenacylthio) NAD+ is a clickable variant of the essential signaling molecule and enzyme cofactor, NAD+.

6-alkyne NAD+, a clickable variant of the signaling molecule and enzyme cofactor NAD+, facilitates the fluorescent tagging for the detection of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein substrates.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-sulfamino-2-deoxy-α-D-Glucopyranoside (4-MU-α-GlcNS) is a fluorogenic substrate of heparin sulphamidase. Heparin sulphamidase cleaves 4-MU-α-GlcNS to yield 4-MU-α-GlcNH2, which is then cleaved by α-glucosaminidase to release the fluorescent product 4-MU, which displays an emission maxima of 445-454 nm. The excitation maxima for 4-MU is pH-dependent: 330, 370, and 385 nm at pH 4.6, 7.4, and 10.4, respectively. 4-MU-α-GlcNS has been used to quantify heparin sulphamidase deficiencies associated with Mucopolisaccaridosis IIIA and other lysosomal disorders.

Sodium 2,6-dibromo-4-(3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-2,2-dioxido-3H-benzo[d][1,2]oxathiol-3-yl)-3-methylphenolate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64788 and the CAS number is 62625-32-5.

6-Biotin-17-NAD+ sodium (Biotin-LC-NAD+ sodium) is a biotinylated derivative of NAD+ and can be used to measure NADH dehydrogenase activity.

Indo-1 (sodium salt) is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator. It is ideal for analyses using flow cytometry, as it uses a single excitation source, typically 349-364 nm light from an argon-ion laser. The emission maximum shifts from 475-485 nm without calcium to 400-410 nm when Indo-1 (sodium salt) binds calcium. Indo-1 (sodium salt) is prone to photobleaching, which limits its usefulness in methods involving microscopy.

Phenol Red sodium salt is a water-soluble pH indicator used in the range from 6.8 (yellow) to 8.2 (red).

4-Methylumbelliferyl β-cellotrioside, a cellulose-derived fluorescent chromogenic substrate [1], is specifically hydrolyzed by β-glycosidases.

Sodium 4-(3-(4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenyl)-1,1-dioxido-3H-benzo[c][1,2]oxathiol-3-yl)-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenolate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T66669 and the CAS number is 62625-21-2.

XTT is a cell-impermeable, negatively charged tetrazolium dye that produces a water-soluble formazan when reduced at the cell surface by cellular-derived NADH and an electron mediator [1,2]. It is frequently used in colorimetric assays to measure cell proliferation, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis [3].