Autophagy

Autophagy is the natural, regulated mechanism of the cell that removes unnecessary or disfunctional components. It allows the orderly degradation and recycling of cellular components. Three forms of autophagy are commonly described: macroautophagy, microautophagy, and chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). In macroautophagy, expendable cytoplasmic constituents are targeted and isolated from the rest of the cell within a double-membraned vesicle known as an autophagosome, which, in time, fuses with an available lysosome, bringing its specialty process of waste management and disposal; and eventually the contents of the vesicle (now called an autolysosome) are degraded and recycled.

Cat No.	product name
T0026	Sulfalen	Sulfalene, a long-acting sulfonamide antibiotic, is used for the therapy of chronic bronchitis, urinary tract infections, and malaria.
T0087	Sulfacetamide sodium salt hydrate	Sulfacetamide sodium monohydrate is a sulfonamide antibiotic. It has been investigated for the treatment of rosacea and pityriasis versicolor.
T0087L	Sulfacetamide sodium	Sulfacetamide Sodium is an anti-infective agent. It is used topically to treat orally for urinary tract infections and skin infections.
T0123	Sulfanilamide	Sulfanilamide can competitively inhibit bacterial enzyme dihydropteroate synthetase with IC50 of 320 μM.
T0251	GemcitabineHOT	Gemcitabine is a DNA synthesis inhibitor that can inhibit the growth of MIAPaCa2, BxPC3 and Capan2 cells (IC50s: 40/18/12 nM). It can also induce autophagy.
T0415	Guanidine hydrochloride	Guanidine hydrochloride is a strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of prote...
T0510	Sulfaguanidine	Sulfaguanidine, a sulfonamide, is served as an anti-infective agent.
T0618	Indole-3-Glyoxylyl Chloride	Indole-3-Glyoxylyl Chloride is an organic compunds with molecular fomula C10H6ClNO2.
T0747	Sulfathiazole	Sulfathiazole, an organosulfur compound, has been served as a short-acting sulfa medicine.
T0749	Succinylsulfathiazole	Succinylsulfathiazole is a sulfonamide. An ultra long-acting drug.
T0750	Sulfisoxazole	Sulfisoxazole is a short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.Sulfisoxazole inhibits...
T0754	Sulfamethizole	Sulfamethizole is a sulfathiazole antibacterial reagent.
T0757	Omeprazole	Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), Omeprazole is a potent brain penetrant neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) inhibitor (exosome inhibitor).
T0767	Sulfapyridine	Sulfapyridine is a short-acting sulfonamide antibiotic and by-product of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug sulfasalazine.
T0836	Sulfadoxine	Sulfadoxine is a broad-spectrum sulfanilamide and a synthetic analog of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) with bacteriostatic and antimalarial properties.
T0885	Sulfamethoxazole	Sulfamethoxazole is a Sulfonamide Antimicrobial. The mechanism of action of sulfamethoxazole is as a Cytochrome P450 2C9 Inhibitor. The chemical classification ...
T0913	Sulfamerazine	Sulfamerazine is a long-acting sulfanilamide antibacterial agent. Sulfamerazine inhibits bacterial synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by competing with para...
T0930	Sulfadiazine	Sulfadiazine is a synthetic pyrimidinyl sulfonamide derivative, short-acting bacteriostatic Sulfadiazine inhibits bacterial folic acid synthesis by competing wi...
T0987	Gimeracil	Gimeracil is a competitive，reversible inhibitor of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase.
T10247	Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose sodium	Adenosine 5'-diphosphoribose sodium (ADP ribose sodium) is a NAD+ metabolite. It is the most potent and primary intracellular Ca2+-permeable cation TRPM2 channe...
T10607	BRD5631	BRD5631 is an autophagy enhancer through an mTOR-independent pathway. It affects several cellular disease phenotypes linked to autophagy, including cell surviva...
T11142	EACC	EACC selectively inhibits the translocation of autophagosome-specific SNARE Stx17 thereby blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion. EACC is a reversible autoph...
T11372	GC7 Sulfate	GC7 Sulfate is a deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS) inhibitor.
T1248	Sulfanitran	Sulfanitran is a sulfonamide antibiotic used in the poultry industry.
T12831L	SAR405	SAR405 suppresses autophagy induced either by starvation or by mTOR inhibition. SAR405 is a first-in-class and ATP-competitive inhibitor of PI3K class III isofo...
T14149	AICAR phosphate	AICAR phosphate (Acadesine phosphate) is an adenosine analog and a AMPK activator. AICAR phosphate regulates the glucose and lipid metabolism. It inhibits proin...
T14552	Dactolisib Tosylate	Dactolisib Tosylate (BEZ235 Tosylate) is an inhibitor of dual PI3K and mTOR kinase(IC50 values of 4, 75, 7, 5 nM for PI3Kα, β, γ, δ, respectively). Dactolis...
T15024	Silmitasertib sodium salt	Silmitasertib sodium salt is a potent and orally bioavailable, highly selective inhibitor of CK2(IC50 of 1 nM, CK2α).
T15412	GPP78	GPP78 is a potent inhibitor of Nampt (IC50: 3.0 nM for nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) depletion). GPP78 is cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y...
T1662	ALA hydrochloride	Aminolevulinic acid hydrochloride is an intermediate in heme biosynthesis in the body and the universal precursor of tetrapyrroles.
T16777	ROC-325	ROC-325 is a novel autophagy inhibitor.
T19188	ALLO-1	ALLO-1 is an autophagy receptor and is essential for autophagosome formation around paternal organelles and directly binds to the worm LC3 homologue LGG-1 throu...
T2128	SBI-0206965	SBI-0206965 is a potent, selective and cell-permeable autophagy kinase ULK1 inhibitor with IC50 of 108 nM for ULK1 kinase activity and 711 nM for ULK2.
T2187	2-Aminobenzenesulfonamide	2-Aminobenzenesulfonamide is a molecule containing the sulfonamide functional group attached to an aniline.
T2731	Usnic Acid	Usnic acid is an antimicrobial,antitumor and enzyme inhibiting agent shown to uncouple oxidative phosphorylation in mouse-liver mitochondria. Usnic acid induces...
T2754	Oxymatrine	Oxymatrine is an alkaloid isolated from Sophora flavescens, used as the antibiotic. It is a traditional Chinese medicine used in the treatment against hepatitis...
T2888	Pterostilbene	Pterostilbene is extracted from Pterocarpus indicus.
T2S2382	3'-Hydroxypterostilbene	3'-Hydroxypterostilbene, a natural pterostilbene analogue, effectively inhibits the growth of human colon cancer cells with IC50s of 9.0, 40.2, and 70.9 µM for...
T3155	SMER28	SMER28 is a small-molecule enhancer (SMER) of autophagy, inducing autophagy independently of rapamycin in mammalian cells via an mTOR-independent mechanism and ...
T3685	SR9009	SR9009, a REV-ERB agonist, increases the constitutive repression of genes regulated by REV-ERBα/ERBβ (IC50: 670/800 nM). Through activation of REV-ERB, SR9009...
T3688	SR9011	SR9011 is a REV-ERB agonist (IC50: 790 nM, REV-ERBα; IC50: 560 nM, REV-ERBβ).
T4123	LYN-1604	<p>LYN-1604 is a novel activator of ULK1, inducing cell death involved in ATF3, RAD21, and caspase3, accompanied by autophagy and apoptosis.</p>
T4187	Gemcitabine monophosphate sodium salt hydrate	Gemcitabine monophosphate disodium salt is a monophosphate derivative of Gemcitabine.
T4219	Autophinib	Autophinib is a potent autophagy inhibitor with a novel chemotype with IC50 values of 90 and 40 nM for autophagy in starvation induced autophagy assay and rapam...
T4414	PRIMA-1Met	PRIMA-1MET restores wild-type conformation and function to mutant p53, and triggers apoptosis in tumor cells. PRIMA-1MET also targets the selenoprotein thioredo...
T4519	Alisol A	Alisol A may be an autophagic inducer, it has anti-cancer activity, it presents inhibitory effects on cancer cell lines tested(HepG2, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cell...
T4977	Sofalcone	Sofalcone, a gastric antiulcer agent in clinical use, is known to induce the expression of Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in gastric epithelium.
T5045	GSK4112	GSK4112 is a Rev-erbα agonist with EC50 of 0.4 μM, also is a small molecule chemical probe for the cell biology of the nuclear heme receptor Rev-erbα.
T5080	Spermidine hydrochloride	Spermidine, a natural polyamine, is a novel autophagy inducer and negatively modulates N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA).
T5143	Corynoxine hydrochloride(6877-32-3(free base))	Corynoxine is a natural oxindole alkaloid and induces autophagy in different neuronal cell lines, including N2a and SHSY-5Y cells.
T5162	MRT67307 HCl (1190378-57-4(free base))	MRT67307 is a kinase inhibitor of TBK1, MARK1-4, IKKε, and NUAK1 (IC50: 19, 27-52, 160, and 230 nM, respectively).
T5181	CA-5f	CA-5f is a potent late-stage macroautophagy/autophagy inhibitor via inhibiting autophagosome-lysosome fusion.
T5356	MRT68921 HCl	MRT68921 hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of both ULK1 and ULK2 (IC50s: 2.9 and 1.1 nM, respectively).
T5403	ULK-101	ULK-101 is a potent and selective ULK1 inhibitor ( IC50s: 8.3/30 nM for ULK1/ULK2). It can suppress autophagy.
T5515	Hemin	Hemin is an iron-containing porphyrin and Heme oxygenase (HO)-1 inducer.
T5538	DC661	DC661 is palmitoyl-protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1) inhibitor, inhibits autophagy, and acts as an anti-lysosomal agent. Anti-cancer activity
T5793	Britannin	Britannin, a sesquiterpene lactone, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial signaling pathway in human breast cancer cells.
T5840	Hoechst 33342	Hoechst 33342, is a Benzimidazole fluorescent dye and a Cell permeable fluorescent DNA stain; binds minor groove of AT-rich regions. HOE 33342 trihydrochlorde i...
T5S0658	Corynoxine	Corynoxine is a natural oxindole alkaloid and induces autophagy in different neuronal cell lines, including N2a and SHSY-5Y cells.
T5S2102	Leonurine	Leonurine is an alkaloid that has been found in H. leonuri and with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory.
T6056	Thiamet G	Thiamet G is a potent, selective O-GlcNAcase inhibitor with Kiof 21 nM, while exhibiting 37,000-fold selectivity over human lysosomal –hexosaminidase.
T6474	Divalproex Sodium	Divalproex Sodium binds to and inhibits gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transaminase and its anticonvulsant activity may be exerted by increasing brain concentra...
T6799	IITZ-01	IITZ-01 is potent autophagy inhibitor with single-agent anticancer activity ( IC50 of 2.62 μM for PI3Kγ.)
T6858	Hydroxyprogesterone caproate	Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate is a synthetic progestational agent. It binds to and activates nuclear progesterone receptors in the reproductive system and inhibi...
T6899	MRT68921	MRT68921 is a potent and dual autophagy kinase ULK1/2 inhibitor with IC50 of 2.9 nM and 1.1 nM, respectively.
T7174	Urolithin A	Urolithin A is a secondary metabolite of ellagic acid, a polyphenolic antioxidant, that has antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties.
T7311	Oxyphenisatin acetate	Oxyphenisatin acetate inhibits the growth of the breast cancer cell lines MCF7, T47D, HS578T, and MDA-MB-468.
T7370	Talarozole	Talarozole is an oral systemic all-trans retinoic acid metabolism blocking agent (RAMBA). Talarozole inhibits both CYP26A1 and CYP26B1 with IC50s of 5.4 and 0.4...
T8081	LC3-mHTT-IN-AN1	LC3-mHTT-IN-AN1 is a mHTT-LC3 linker compound that interacts with both mutant huntingtin protein (mHTT) and LC3B. LC3-mHTT-IN-AN1 targeted mHTT to autophag...
T8166	Pennogenin 3-O-beta-chacotrioside	Pennogenin 3-O-beta-chacotrioside is an active component isolated from Paris polyphylla with anti-colorectal cancer activity. It modulates autophagy via increas...
T8200	Ginkgolide K	Ginkgolide K induces protective autophagy through the AMPK/mTOR/ULK1 signalling pathway. It possesses neuroprotective activity.
T8308	NL-1	NL-1 is a mitoNEET inhibitor with antileukemic effect.
T8322	BL-918	BL-918 is a potent activator of UNC-51-like kinase 1 (ULK1) with an EC50 of 24.14 nM.
T8689	CHLOROQUINE	Chloroquine is an autophagy and toll-like receptors (TLRs) inhibitor. Chloroquine is an antimalarial and anti-inflammatory agent widely used to treat malaria an...
T9931	meplazumab	meplazumab is a humanized anti-CD147 antibody, as add-on therapy in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
TMA1012	Ganoderiol F	Ganoderiol F has anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and anti-HIV activity, it inhibits activity of topoisomerases in vitro, and it inhibits human immunodeficiency vir...
TMA1570	Sappanone A	Sappanone A is the first homoisoflavanone to be discovered with melanogenesis inhibitory activity. It exerts its anti-inflammatory effect by modulating the Nrf2...
TN1087	Deoxypodophyllotoxin	Deoxypodophyllotoxin shows cytotoxic , antineoplastic, antitumor, insecticidal, anti-angiogenic, vascular disrupting, insecticidal, antiviral, and anti-inflamma...
TN1563	Dehydropachymic acid	Dehydropachymic acid shows antiinflammatory activity.
TN1702	Glycycoumarin	Glycycoumarin is an estrogen agonist, it shows moderate inhibitory effects against CYP1A2 and CYP2B6.
TN2118	Pulsatilla saponin D	Pulsatilla saponin D exhibits anticancer activities in various cancer types, it Inhibits autophagic flux and synergistically enhances the anticancer activity of...
TN2646	16-Hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide	16-Hydroxycleroda-3,13-dien-15,16-olide, and prodigiosin are presented as candidates for autophagy inducers that can trigger cell death in a supplement or alter...
TN3057	4-O-Methylbutein	4-O-Methylbutein (2',3,4'-trihydroxy-4-methoxychalcone) may have anti-inflammation activity, it is a potent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) inducer, the upregulation of...
TN3144	6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone	6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. It shows inhibition of osteoclasts differentiation and functio...
TN3609	Catalposide	Catalposide possesses antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial, anti-tumoral, and anti-inflammatory properties. Catalposide is a potent inducer of HO-1 and H...
TN3694	Coniferaldehyde	Coniferaldehyde exerts anti-inflammatory properties by inducing heme oxygenase-1(HO-1), it inhibits LPS-induced apoptosis through the PKC α/β II/Nrf-2/HO-1 de...
TN3726	Cudraflavone B	Cudraflavone B has anti-proliferative activity, mouse brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory effects, apoptotic actions in human gastric carcinoma cells and m...
TN3806	Dehydroglyasperin C	Dehydroglyasperin C is a potent NAD(P)H:oxidoquinone reductase (NQO1) and phase 2 enzyme inducer. Dehydroglyasperin C possesses potent antioxidant, cancer chemo...
TN3910	Ecdysone	Ecdysone signaling through Ecdysone receptor isoform B1 is required cell autonomously for the muscle death. A nctional Bombyx Ecdysone receptor binds to EcRE-D ...
TN4038	Eupatolide	Eupatolide has anti-inflammatory activity, it inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced COX-2 and iNOS expression in RAW264.7 cells by inducing proteasomal degradatio...
TN4064	Flavoglaucin	Flavoglaucin exhibits significant inhibitory effects on PTP1B, the IC50 value of 13.4, micrometer; it also shows good binding affinity for human opioid or canna...
TN4213	Hirsutenone	Hirsutenone has potent antioxidant activity, it shows significant free radical scavenging activity and exhibits inhibition effect on the mitochondrial lipid per...
TN4234	Hydrangenol	Hydrangenol is a strong contact sensitizer found in hydrangea (Hydrangea sp.; Hydrangeaceae), it can significantly inhibit the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PC...
TN4420	Latifolin	Latifolin is a strong DPPH-scavenger, it attenuates inflammatory responses by inhibiting NF-ÎºB activation via Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 expression. Lati...
TN4661	Nodosin	Nodosin has anti-inflammatory function of Nodosin via inhibition of IL-2. Nodosin perfusion provides a potential protective effect through inducing HO-1 express...
TN4774	Physalin A	Physalin A exerts anti-tumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines by suppressing JAK/STAT3 signaling, it inhibits androgen-independent prostate can...
TN4778	Physalin H	Physalin H is an Hh signaling inhibitor blocks GLI1-DNA-complex formation, it also strong quinone reductase induction activity with IR (Induction ratio, QR indu...
TQ0081	JPH203	JPH203 is an effective and specific L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT-1) inhibitor.
TQ0258	Corynoxine B	Corynoxine B is a Beclin-1-dependent autophagy inducer. It is an natural alkaloid isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks (Gouteng in Chinese).
TQ0309	Glaucocalyxin B	Glaucocalyxin B is a diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia japonica with anticancer and antitumor activity. It decreases the growth of HL-60 cells (IC50: 5.86 μM)...