1,10-phenanthroline

5-Nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (5-NP) is a potent bactericidal agent that inhibits Clostridium difficile.

o-Phenanthroline (1,10-Phenanthroline) , a metal chelator, prevents the induction of chromosomal aberrations in streptozotocin-treated cells.o-Phenanthroline protects mammalian cells from hydrogen peroxide-induced gene mutation and morphological transformation.

o-Phenanthroline monohydrate (1, 10-Phenanthroline monohydrate) is an inhibitor of metallopeptidases, inhibits zinc-dependent hydrolysis of Fa-Gly-Leu-NH2 by B. subtilis neutral protease and B. thermoproteolyticus thermolysin.

Benzoquinoquinoxaline (BQQ) is a heterocyclic compound with an aminoalkyl side chain, preferentially binding to DNA triplex structures by intercalating between the bases to stabilize the triplex conformation. Conjugation of BQQ to 1,10-phenanthroline allows specific binding and cleavage of double-strand DNA at sites forming a triplex structure [1].