essential

Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil, derived from the leaves of Melaleuca alternifolia, exhibits bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties.

Thiamine monochloride (Vitamin B1) is an essential vitamin with erythropoietic, glucose-regulatory, antioxidant, and mood-regulatory properties.Thiamine monochloride inhibits lead-induced lipid peroxidation, thereby preventing lead poisoning.Thiamine monochloride plays an important role in the production of energy by the cells that ingest the food, and enhances normal Thiamine monochloride plays an important role in the energy production of ingested food cells and enhances normal neuronal activity.

Myristic acid (Crodacid) , a 14 carbon saturated fatty acid, is a rare molecule in cells and is a substrate of some fatty acid desaturases. This compound has the ability to acylate proteins by covalently binding to the N-terminal glycine residues, in a process called N-terminal myristoylation. Myristoylation of substrate proteins by this fatty acid has the potential to activate and mediate many physiological pathways. Furthermore, saturated fatty acids have been reported to be essential for biological activities of lipopolysaccharides and have demonstrated the ability to induce expression of COX-2 and NFκB (nuclear factor κB) activation.

Linoleic acid (9,12-octadecadienoic acid) is an essential fatty acid. Prostaglandin precursor.

Benzyl acetate is a constituent of Jasmin and of the essential oils of ylang-ylang and neroli.

L-Tryptophan (Tryptophane), an essential amino acid, is necessary for normal growth in infants and for nitrogen balance in adults. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid) and of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It can be a precursor to NIACIN, although inefficiently in mammals.

methyl isoeugenol (MIE) is a natural food flavour that constitutes 93.7% of an essential oil from Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus leaf. The leaf extracts of this species are used as a calming agent. As a ubiquitous food additive, the application of MIE for tre

Lycopene (ψ,ψ-Carotene) is a linear, unsaturated hydrocarbon carotenoid, the major red pigment in fruits such as tomatoes, pink grapefruit, apricots, red oranges, watermelon, rosehips, and guava. As a class, carotenoids are pigment compounds found in photosynthetic organisms (plants, algae, and some types of fungus), and are chemically characterized by a large polyene chain containing 35-40 carbon atoms; some carotenoid polyene chains are terminated by two 6-carbon rings. In animals, carotenoids such as lycopene may possess antioxidant properties which may retard aging and many degenerative diseases. As an essential nutrient, lycopene is required in the animal diet.

L-Cysteine (L-(+)-Cysteine) is a non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid in humans. L-Cysteine is important for protein synthesis, detoxification, and diverse metabolic functions. Found in beta-keratin, the main protein in nails, skin, and hair, L-Cysteine is important in collagen production, as well as skin elasticity and texture. Also required in the manufacture of amino acid taurine, L-Cysteine is a component of the antioxidant glutathione, and plays a role in the metabolism of essential biochemicals such as coenzyme A, heparin, and biotin.

Lipoic acid (R-(+)-Thioctic acid) is an organosulfur compound derived from octanoic acid. It is made in animals normally, and is essential for aerobic metabolism.

Ammonium formate (Formic acid ammonium salt) is the simplest carboxylic acid. Formate is an intermediate in normal metabolism. It is responsible for both metabolic acidosis and disrupting mitochondrial electron transport and energy production by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase activity, the terminal electron acceptor of the electron transport chain. Cell death from cytochrome oxidase inhibition by formate is believed to result partly from depletion of ATP, reducing energy concentrations so that essential cell functions cannot be maintained. Furthermore, inhibition of cytochrome oxidase by formate may also cause cell death by increased production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) secondary to the blockade of the electron transport chain.

n-Tridecane (n-Tridecane) is both a stress compound released by the brown marmorated stink bugs and an volatile oil component isolated from essential oil of Piper aduncum L. Tridecane.

Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) is the hydrochloride salt form of thiamine, a vitamin essential for aerobic metabolism, cell growth, transmission of nerve impulses and acetylcholine synthesis. Upon hydrolysis, Thiamine hydrochloride (Vitamin B1) is phosphorylated by thiamine diphosphokinase to form active thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), also known as cocarboxylase. TPP is a coenzyme for many enzymatic activities involving fatty acid, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism.

α-Terpinene is a terpenoid,has acaricidal, antiprotozoal, and antioxidant properties

A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.

D-Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) is a water-soluble vitamin ubiquitously found in plants and animal tissues with an antioxidant property. D-Pantothenic acid is a component of coenzyme A (CoA) and a part of the vitamin B2 complex. D-Pantothenic acid is a growth factor and is essential for various metabolic functions, including the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fatty acids. This vitamin is also involved in the synthesis of cholesterol, lipids, neurotransmitters, steroid hormones, and hemoglobin.

L-Phenylalanine (3-Phenyl-L-alanine) is an essential amino acid and the precursor of the amino acid tyrosine, acts as an antagonist at α2δ calcium channels.

L-Isoleucine (Ile) is an essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.

Fenchyl alcohol is a monoterpene alcohol extracted from the essential oil of Douglas fir leaves and used as a flavor. It significantly inhibits the activity of rumen microorganisms in sheep and deer.

Pyrroloquinoline quinone disodium salt (Methoxatin disodium salt), an aromatic tricyclic o-quinone, is a redox cofactor for bacterial dehydrogenases. It is an efficient electron transfer catalyst from a number of organic substrates to molecular oxygen (O2), constructing quinoprotein model reactions.

L-Asparagine (Asparamide) is a non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase.

D-Ribose(mixture of isomers) (D-(-)-Ribose), commonly referred to as simply ribose, is a five-carbon sugar found in all living cells. Ribose is not an essential nutrient because it can be synthesized by almost every tissue in the body from other substances, such as glucose. It is vital for life as a component of DNA, RNA, ATP, ADP, and AMP.

DL-Methionine (Acimetion) is an amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks that our bodies use to make proteins. DL-Methionine is found in meat, fish, and dairy products. It plays an important role in the many functions within the body.

L-Threonine (threonine) is an essential amino acid in humans，an important amino acid for the nervous system,L-Threonine also plays an important role in porphyrin and fat metabolism and prevents fat buildup in the liver. Useful with intestinal disorders and indigestion, threonine has also been used to alleviate anxiety and mild depression.

Estradiol (E2) is a naturally occurring steroidal sex hormone that is essential for female fertility and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics. Estradiol upregulates IL-6 expression through estrogen receptor beta (ERβ).

Perillyl Alcohol is a naturally occurring monoterpene related to limonene with antineoplastic activity. Perillyl alcohol (Isocarveol) inhibits farnesyl transferase and geranylgeranyl transferase, thereby preventing post-translational protein farnesylation and isoprenylation and activation of oncoproteins such as p21-ras, and arresting tumor cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle.

L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) , a non-essential amino acid, is synthesized from glutamic acid and ammonia.

L-Serine (serine) is a non-essential amino acid in humans, L-Serine is present and functionally important in many proteins.L-Serine is also found at the active site of the serine protease enzyme class that includes trypsin and chymotrypsin.

L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate (L-Cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate) is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), taurine and glutathione. L-Cysteine hydrochloride hydrate suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans.

2,6,6-Trimethyl-2,4-cycloheptadien-1-one is a terpene compound found in many plants, including parsley, dill and celery. It is an important component of essential oils and has a variety of medicinal and pharmacological properties.

α-Linolenic acid (Alpha-Linolenic Acid) is an essential fatty acid belonging to the omega-3 fatty acids group. It is highly concentrated in certain plant oils and has been reported to inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandin resulting in reduced inflammation and prevention of certain chronic diseases.

Arachidonic acid (Immunocytophyte) is an unsaturated, essential fatty acid. It is found in animal and human fat as well as in the liver, brain, and glandular organs, and is a constituent of animal phosphatides. It is formed by the synthesis from dietary linoleic acid and is a precursor in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins, thromboxanes, and leukotrienes.

Artesunate (WR-256283) is part of the artemisinin group of drugs that treat malaria. It is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin that is water-soluble and may therefore be given by injection. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.

Elemicin (Elemicine) is a constituent of several plant species' essential oils with anticholinergic effects in human.

Coenzyme A is an obligatory cofactor in all living cells synthesized from pantothenate (Vitamin B5), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and cysteine.

Guanosine (DL-Guanosine) is a purine nucleoside formed from a beta-N9-glycosidic bond between guanine and a ribose ring and is essential for metabolism.

Cuminaldehyde (Cuminal) is a natural aldehyde with inhibitory effect on alpha-synuclein fibrillation and cytotoxicity. Cuminaldehyde shows anticancer activity,with a pleasant smell and contributes to the aroma of essential oils.

β-Phellandrene (p-mentha-1(7),2-diene) is found in allspice. beta-Phellandrene is widely distributed in essential oils

Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) is an essential fatty acid and an omega-3 fatty acid abundant in brain and retina.

Spermine (Neuridine) is a biogenic polyamine formed from spermidine. It is found in a wide variety of organisms and tissues and is an essential growth factor in some bacteria.

Retinol (Alphalin) and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.

Biotin (Vitamin H) is a water-soluble B-vitamin and is necessary for cell growth, the production of fatty acids, and the metabolism of fats and amino acids.

glycine (2-Aminoacetic acid) is a non-essential amino acid. It is found primarily in gelatin and silk fibroin and used therapeutically as a nutrient. It is also a fast inhibitory neurotransmitter.

Apiole (parsley) is a Crystalline essential oil.

L-Linalool is the jasmine tea, spruce essential oil, and young leaves of Litchi chinensis Sonn key volatile compound.

Mevalonic acid lithium salt, is essential for cell growth and proliferation.

Alpha,beta-Thujone, a constituent of various plant essential oils, has been linked to cancer development in male rats and can provoke seizures at maximal dosages [1].

(-)-Taxifolin is the less active enantiomer of Taxifolin, demonstrating vital anti-tyrosinase activity and notable inhibition against collagenase (IC50 = 193.3 μM). It is valued as an essential natural compound showing antifibrotic potential, while also acting as a capable free radical scavenger and possessing antioxidant capacity.

Pyrimidine (Metadiazine)s are heterocyclic, six-membered, nitrogen-containing carbon ring structures, with uracil, cytosine and thymine being the basal structures of ribose-containing nucleosides (uridine, cytidine, and thymidine respectively), or deoxyribose-containing deoxynucleosides, and their corresponding ribonucleotides or deoxyribonucleotides. Pyrimidines serve essential functions in human metabolism as ribonucleotide bases in RNA (uracil and cytosine), and as deoxyribonucleotide bases in DNA (cytosine and thymine), and are linked by phosphodiester bridges to purine nucleotides in double-stranded DNA, in both the nucleus and the mitochondria. Pyrimidine activated sugars are also involved in polysaccharide and phospholipid synthesis, glucuronidation in detoxification processes, glycosylation of proteins and lipids and in the recently identified novel endothelium-derived vasoactive dinucleotides.

Octyl acetate (Acetic acid octyl ester) is the acetate ester of octan-1-ol. It has a role as a plant metabolite.Acetic acid octyl ester is present in citrus peel oils.