potential

Thought to form a receptor-activated non-selective calcium permeant cation channel. Probably is operated by a phosphatidylinositol second messenger system activated by receptor tyrosine kinases or G-protein coupled receptors. Seems to be also activated by intracellular calcium store depletion. TRPC1 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 94.0 kDa and the accession number is Q61056.

Mucolipin-1/MCOLN1 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 66.5 kDa and the accession number is Q9GZU1.

TRPA1 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His & Myc) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis and C-Myc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 27.3 kDa and the accession number is Q6RI86.

Calcium-permeable, non-selective cation channel with an outward rectification. Seems to be regulated, at least in part, by growth factors, like IGF1, PDGF and morphogenetic neuropeptide/head activator. May transduce physical stimuli in mast cells. Activated by temperatures higher than 52 degrees Celsius; is not activated by vanilloids and acidic pH. TRPV2 Protein, Rat, Recombinant (His) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-10xHis tag. The predicted molecular weight is 88.2 kDa and the accession number is Q9WUD2.

CD48 antigen, also known as B-lymphocyte activation marker BLAST-1, BCM1 surface antigen, Leukocyte antigen MEM-102, TCT.1, CD48, BCM1,and BLAST1, CD48 contains one Ig-like C2-type domain and one Ig-like V-type domain, but does not have a transmembrane domain, however, but is held at the cell surface by a GPI anchor via a C-terminal domain which maybe cleaved to yield a soluble form of the receptor. CD48 may facilitate interaction between activated lymphocytes and be involved in regulating T-cell activation. CD48 plays a vital role as an environmental sensor for regulating progenitor cell numbers and inhibiting tumor development. It is suggested that the anti-CD48 mAb has the potential to become an effective therapeutic mAb against multiple myeloma.

Vaspin (Visceral Adipose-Specific SERPIN) is a newly described adipokine. Vaspin has three β-sheets, nine α-helices, and one central loop; the structure is part of the set of distinctive features that are descriptive of Serpin family members. Vaspin is also a unique insulin sensitizing adipocytokine in obesity. A recent publication indicates that Vaspin mRNA expression in visceral fat is positively correlated with BMI and percent of body fat. and could be associated with parameters of obesity, insulin resistance, and glucose metabolism. These findings suggest a potential clinical use for Vaspin in ameliorating certain aberrations seen in the obesity metabolic syndrome.

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is a member of the BET class chromatin reader proteins that bind acetylated histones and play a key role in transcriptional regulation and transmission of epigenetic memory. Remains associated with acetylated chromatin throughout the entire cell cycle and provides epigenetic memory for postmitotic G1 gene transcription by preserving acetylated chromatin status and maintaining high-order chromatin structure. BRD bromodomains serve as recognition motifs for acetylated lysine residues on histones, while the NET domain may function by promoting phosphorylation of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA Polymerase II. Some specific inhibitors of BRD4 that prevent binding to acetylated histones by binding Asn-140 and Asn-433 are promising therapeutic molecules for the treatment of leukemias. BRD4 is a potential therapeutic target in many diseases including breast cancer, AML, multiple myeloma, colon cancer and others.

Claudin-18 (CLDN18) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CLDN18 gene. It belongs to the group of claudins. CLDN18 belongs to the large claudin family of proteins, which form tight junction strands in epithelial cells. CLDN18 plays a major role in tight junction-specific obliteration of the intercellular space, through calcium-independent cell-adhesion activity. CLDN18 has two isoform A1 and isoform A2. Human CLDN18.2 is highly expressed in a signifcant proportion of gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinomas，while normal tissue expression is limited to the epithelium of the stomach. The restricted expression makes it a potential drug target for the treatment of gastric and pancreatic adenocarcinoma, as evidenced by eforts to target CLDN18.2 via naked antibody and CAR-T modalities. IMAB362 (Claudiximab) is a monoclonal antibody against isoform 2 of Claudin-18. It is under investigation for the treatment of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and pancreatic tumors. IMAB362 was developed by Ganymed Pharmaceuticals AG.

CD229(SLAMF3) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein in the SLAM subgroup of the CD2 family. Mature mouse CD229 consists of a 406 aa extracellular domain (ECD) with two Ig-like V-set and two Ig-like truncated C2-set domains, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 180 aa cytoplasmic domain with two immunoreceptor tyrosinebased switch motifs ITSMs. Within the first two Ig-like domains that are common to all SLAM proteins, mouse CD229 shares 22%-36% aa sequence identity with mouse 2B4, BLAME, CD2F10,CD84, CRACC, NTBA, and SLAM. CD229 is expressed on T, B, and NK cells, thymocytes and monocytes. Homophilic binding between CD229 molecules is mediated by the N-terminal Ig-like domain. Human and mouse CD229 exhibit crossspecies binding. Antigen stimulation of lymphocytes induces CD229 clustering to sites of T cell-B cell contact. Antibody ligation of CD229 can inhibit T cell activation, but CD229 knockout mice show impaired T cell immune responses, suggesting a potential role for CD229 in T cell activation or costimulation.

The potential application of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP) in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes has been controversial. Initial interest in the therapeutic use of GIP was dampened by evidence that its insulinotropic activity was reduced in type 2 diabetes and by reports that it increased glucagon secretion and adipose deposition in non-diabetic individuals. GIP Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 34.3 kDa and the accession number is P48756.

The potential application of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP) in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes has been controversial. Initial interest in the therapeutic use of GIP was dampened by evidence that its insulinotropic activity was reduced in type 2 diabetes and by reports that it increased glucagon secretion and adipose deposition in non-diabetic individuals. GIP Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 8.7 kDa and the accession number is P48756.

A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) proteases constitute a family of multifunctional, membrane-bound proteins with traditional sheddase functions. Their protumorigenic potential has been attributed to both, essential (ADAM10 and ADAM17) and 'dispensable' ADAM proteases (ADAM8, 9, 12, 15, and 19). Of specific interest in this review is the ADAM proteinase ADAM8 that has been identified as a significant player in aggressive malignancies including breast, pancreatic, and brain cancer. ADAM8/CD156a Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 71.7 kDa and the accession number is Q05910.

Interleukin (IL)-20 is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, which has been reported to participate in autoimmune inflammatory diseases. However, the potential role of IL-20 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression has not yet been investigated. In addition, IL-20 expression was significantly associated with tumor size, metastasis, TNM stage and poor prognosis in patients with HCC. IL-20 Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 44.9 kDa and the accession number is Q9JKV9.

Superoxide Dismutase (SOD2) belongs to the iron/manganese superoxide dismutase family. SOD2 is a mitochondrial matrix protein that forms a homotetramer and binds one manganese ion per subunit. SOD2 transforms toxic superoxide, a byproduct of the mitochondrial electron transport chain into hydrogen peroxide and diatomic oxygen. It is reported that oxidative stress plays an essential role in the development of breast cancer, while SOD2 is one of the primary enzymes that directly convert potential harmful oxidizing species to harmless metabolites.

The potential application of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, GIP) in the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes has been controversial. Initial interest in the therapeutic use of GIP was dampened by evidence that its insulinotropic activity was reduced in type 2 diabetes and by reports that it increased glucagon secretion and adipose deposition in non-diabetic individuals. GIP Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 9.2 kDa and the accession number is P09681.

Chemokines regulate leukocyte migration during physiological and pathological conditions. It is currently accepted that these chemotactic cytokines are also important in the development and progression of cancer. CXCL4 and its non-allelic variant CXCL4L1 are two platelet-associated chemokines that have been attributed anti-tumoral activity as a result of their angiostatic potential and the chemotactic activity for anti-tumoral leukocytes. CXCL4 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi) is expressed in E. coli expression system with N-His-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 10.68 kDa and the accession number is P02776.

CD300a is an inhibitory receptor for mast cells and eosinophils in allergic inflammation (AI); however, the spatiotemporal expression of CD300a and its potential roles in the resolution of AI are still to be determined.CD300a expression on peritoneal cells is regulated from inflammation to resolution. CD300a activation on mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells regulated ALX/FPR2 expression levels following IgE-mediated activation. CD300A Protein, Mouse, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 20 kDa and the accession number is Q6SJQ0-1.

Siglec-15 is a transmembrane glycoprotein in the Siglec family of sialic acid-binding immune regulatory molecules. Mature human Siglec-15 consists of a 244 amino acid extracellular domain (ECD) with two Ig-like domains, a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 44 aa cytoplasmic domain. Siglec-15 is a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis and plays a conserved regulatory role in the immune system of vertebrates. Siglec-15 Protein (Primary Amine Labeling), Mouse, Recombinant (His), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 26.7 kDa and the accession number is A7E1W8-1.

Glypican-3 is a protein ,which is encoded by the GPC3 gene in humans.The protein core of GPC3 consists of two subunits, where the N-terminal subunit has a size of ~40 kDa and the C-terminal subunit is ~30 kDa.Glypican 3 is a potential therapeutic target for treating liver cancer and other cancers. Several therapeutic anti-GPC3 antibodies have been developed. GPC3 Protein-VLP, Human, Recombinant is expressed in E. coli expression system. The predicted molecular weight is 14 kDa and the accession number is P51654-1.

Ephrin type-A receptor 5 (EphA5) expression was detected in all non-tumor gastric epithelia but was differentially expressed among gastric cancer samples. EphA5 is differentially expressed in gastric cancer. EphA5 may therefore be a potential therapeutic target and may have clinical utility as a marker for lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. EPHA5 Protein, Cynomolgus, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 61.73 kDa and the accession number is A0A2K5W6J6.

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGER) is an oncogenic transmembranous receptor up-regulated in various human cancers. AGER promotes proliferation, migration, and inhibits apoptosis of squamous cervical cancer and might function as a tumor promoter in cervical cancer. Our study provides novel evidence for a potential role of AGER in bridging human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced inflammation and cervical cancer.

A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 9 (ADAM9) is a member of the transmembrane ADAM family. It is expressed in different types of solid cancer and promotes tumor invasiveness. ADAM9 may be a prognostic marker for vestibular schwannomas (VS), and ADAM9 inhibition might have the potential as a systemic approach for the treatment of VS.

CD47 (Cluster of Differentiation 47) also known as integrin associated protein (IAP) is a transmembrane protein that in humans is encoded by the CD47 gene. CD47 belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and partners with membrane integrins and also binds the ligands thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) and signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα).CD-47 acts as a don't eat me signal to macrophages of the immune system which has made it a potential therapeutic target in some cancers.

CD24 is a sialoglycoprotein expressed at the surface of most B lymphocytes and differentiating neuroblasts. It is also expressed on neutrophils and neutrophil precursors from the myelocyte stage onwards. The potential for targeting CD24 in cancer therapy seems promising, as CD24 is overexpressed in many human cancers. CD24 Protein (Primary Amine Labeling), Cynomolgus, Recombinant (hFc), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 30.2 kDa and the accession number is I7GKK1-1.

Involved in the synthesis of autoinducer 2 (AI-2) which is secreted by bacteria and is used to communicate both the cell density and the metabolic potential of the environment. The regulation of gene expression in response to changes in cell density is called quorum sensing. Catalyzes the transformation of S-ribosylhomocysteine (RHC) to homocysteine (HC) and 4,5-dihydroxy-2,3-pentadione (DPD).

Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen.; Canstatin, a cleavage product corresponding to the collagen alpha 2(IV) NC1 domain, possesses both anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor cell activity. It inhibits proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, reduces mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces apoptosis. Specifically induces Fas-dependent apoptosis and activates procaspase-8 and -9 activity. Ligand for alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5 integrins.

FKBP11 serve as biomarker and/or therapeutic target for Acute aortic dissection (AAD). FKBP11 during the development of HCC and FKBP11 has the potential to be an early marker for HCC.

CCL18 is a chemotactic cytokine involved in the pathogenesis and progression of various disorders, including cancer. Proof showed high levels of CCL18 in the serum of epithelial ovarian carcinoma patients suggesting its potential as a circulating biomarker. CCL18 chemokine has an important role in chemokine-mediated tumor metastasis, and may serve as a potential predictor for poor survival outcomes for ovarian cancer. (CCL18) is predominantly secreted by M2-tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and promotes malignant behaviors of various human cancer types. CCL18 has a correlation with cardiac function in patients with AAMI and it might be considered as an indicator of poor LVEF in patients with AAMI. Circulating and WAT-secreted CCL18 correlates with insulin resistance and metabolic risk score. Because CCL18 is macrophage-specific and associates with adipose immune gene expression, it may constitute a marker of WAT inflammation. Macrophages are thought to be the main source of CCL18, and the effect of pirfenidone, an anti-fibrotic agent for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, on the expression of CCL18 in macrophages warrants investigation.

Latexin, also known as endogenous carboxypeptidase inhibitor, tissue carboxypeptidase inhibitor, TCI, ECI, and LXN, is a cytoplasm protein that belongs to the protease inhibitor I47 (latexin) family. It is highly expressed in the heart, prostate, ovary, kidney, pancreas, and colon. Latexin / LXN is the only known endogenous specific inhibitor of zinc-dependent metallocarboxypeptidases (MCPs) present in mammalians so far. Latexin is originally identified as a molecular marker for the regional specification of the neocortex in development in rats. The 222 amino acid latexin in the human shows different expression distribution with high levels in heart, prostate, ovary, kidney, pancreas, and colon, but only moderate or low levels in other tissues including the brain. Latexin is also expressed at high levels and is inducible in macrophages in concert with other protease inhibitors and potential protease targets, and thus is suggested to play a role in inflammation and innate immunity pathways. Despite the non-detectable sequence similarity with plant and parasite inhibitors, Latexin is related to a human putative tumor suppressor protein, TIG1. Also, Latexin is implicated in Alzheimer's disease.

Thioredoxin-2, also known as TXN2, MTRX and TRX2, is a member of the thioredoxin family. Tryparedoxins (TXN) are thioredoxin-related proteins which, as trypanothione:peroxiredoxin oxidoreductases, constitute the trypanothione-dependent antioxidant defense and may also serve as substrates for ribonucleotide reductase in trypanosomatids. Thioredoxin-2 / TXN2 contains one thioredoxin domain. It is widely expressed in adult (at protein level) and fetal tissues. Human Thioredoxin-2 / TXN2 is a small redox protein important in cellular antioxidant defenses, as well as in the regulation of apoptosis. Thioredoxin-2 / TXN2 has an anti-apoptotic function and plays an important role in the regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential. Thioredoxin-2 / TXN2 could be involved in the resistance to anti-tumor agents. It possesses a dithiol-reducing activity. Thioredoxin-2 / TXN2 plays an important role in protecting the mitochondria against oxidative stress and in sensitizing the cells to ROS-induced apoptosis. Mammalian Thioredoxin-2 / TXN2 is a mitochondrial isoform of highly evolutionary conserved thioredoxins. Thioredoxins are small ubiquitous protein-disulfide oxidoreductases implicated in a large variety of biological functions.

PRL-2 (Protein-tyrosine phosphatase of regenerating liver 2), also known as PTP4A2 (Protein tyrosine phosphatase type IVA, member 2), is a member of PTP family and has an important function in controlling cell growth. PRL-2 phosphatases may be multifunctional enzymes with diverse roles in a variety of tissue and cell types. The phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) family, comprising PRL-1, PRL-2 and PRL-3, is a group of prenylated phosphatases that are candidate cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. PRL-1, PRL-2, and PRL-3 represent a novel class of protein-tyrosine phosphatase with a C-terminal prenylation motif. They are three closely related intracellular enzymes that possess the PTP active site signature sequence CX 5R. The PRL-2 mRNA is elevated in primary breast tumors relative to matched normal tissue, and also dramatically elevated in metastatic lymph nodes compared with primary tumors. PRL-2 plays a role in breast cancer progression. PRL-2 is a pathogenic molecule in hematopoietic malignancies and it has potential as a novel therapeutic target.

The PRAC gene is located on chromosome 17 at position 17q21, about 4 kbp downstream from the homeodomain Hoxb-13 gene. The pathogenesis of PCa may be due to the expression levels of PRAC protein, and this protein can serve as a potential biomarker for the management of PCa.

CD82, also known as KAI-1, structurally belongs to tetraspanin family while categorised as metastasis suppressor gene on functional grounds. KAI1/CD82 is localized on cell membrane and form interactions with other tetraspanins, integrins and chemokines which are respectively responsible for cell migration, adhesion and signalling. Downregulation of CD82 expression is associated with the advanced stages of many human cancers and correlates with the acquisition of metastatic potential. Recent studies suggest that complex mechanisms underlie CD82 loss of function, including altered transcriptional regulation, splice variant production and post-translational protein modifications, and indicate a central role for CD82 in controlling metastasis as a 'molecular facilitator'. The loss of KAI1/CD82 expression in invasive and metastatic cancers is due to a complex, epigenetic mechanism that probably involves transcription factors such as NFkappaB, p53, and beta-catenin. A loss of KAI1 expression is also associated with the advanced stages of many human malignancies and results in the acquisition of invasive and metastatic capabilities by tumour cells. Thus, KAI1/CD82 is regarded as a wide-spectrum tumor metastasis suppressor.

Ubiquinone biosynthesis protein COQ7 homolog, also known as Coenzyme Q biosynthesis protein 7 homolog, Timing protein clk-1 homolog and COQ7, is a mitochondrion inner membrane and peripheral membrane protein which belongs to theCOQ7 family. It is expressed dominantly in heart and skeletal muscle. COQ7 is synthesized as a preprotein that is imported into the mitochondrial matrix, where the sequence is cleaved off and the mature protein becomes loosely associated with the inner membrane. This enzyme is responsible for the hydroxylation of 5-demethoxyubiquinone to 5-hydroxyubiquinone. Human COQ7 protein is mostly helical, and contains an alpha-helical membrane insertion. It has a potential N-glycosylation site, a phosphorylation site for protein kinase C and another for casein kinase II, and three N-myristoylation sites. COQ7 is involved in lifespan determination in ubiquinone-independent manner. It is also involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis. COQ7 is potential central metabolic regulator.

KLK6 (kallikrein-related peptidase 6), also known as Klk7, belongs to the peptidase S1 family, Kallikrein subfamily. Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases having diverse physiological functions. Growing evidence suggests that many kallikreins are implicated in carcinogenesis and some have potential as novel cancer and other disease biomarkers. KLK6 is a serine protease that exhibits a preference for Arg over Lys in the substrate P1 position and for Ser or Pro in the P2 position. Klk7 shows activity against amyloid precursor protein, myelin basic protein, gelatin, casein, and extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin, and collagen. KLK6 degrades alpha-synuclein and prevents its polymerization, indicating that KLK6 may be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies. Klk7 may be involved in the regulation of axon outgrowth following spinal cord injury. Tumor cells treated with a neutralizing KLK6 antibody migrate less than control cells, suggesting a role in invasion and metastasis.

Calmodulin-like protein 3 (CALML3) is similar to that of authentic calmodulin and may actually compete with calmodulin by binding, with different affinity, to cellular substrates. Calmodulin-like protein 3 (CALML3) is a tumor-sensitive protein specifically expressed in normal epithelial cells but downregulated in tumorigenesis. Downregulation of the protein is an early event in breast cancer development. One of the most pressing questions raised by the discovery of CLP/CALML3 is that of its potential targets. Although it is 85% identical to human calmodulin, the distinct properties of CLP suggest that it has specific targets or targets that only partially overlap with those of calmodulin. Research has identified the unconventional myosin-10 (Myo10) as a specific target of CALML3. The discovery of Myo10 as a specific target of CALML3 is highly significant and suggests multiple lines of further research such as investigations of the Ca2+ regulation of Myo10 and the role of the loss of CLP in epithelial differentiation, adhesion, and cancer. Cells expressing CALML3 displayed a striking increase in the number and length of myosin-10-positive filopodia and showed increased mobility in a wound healing assay.

Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP, Adcyap1) activation of PAC1 receptors ( Adcyap1r1) significantly increases excitability of guinea pig cardiac neurons. This modulation of excitability is mediated in part by plasma membrane G protein-dependent activation of adenylyl cyclase and downstream signaling cascades. Studies point to the potential role of the (pituitary) adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide receptor 1 (ADCYAP1R1) gene, which has been implicated in stress response, in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP; Adcyap1) and its cognate PAC1 receptor (Adcyap1r1) are expressed in peripheral nociceptive pathways, participate in anxiety-related responses and have been have been linked to posttraumatic stress disorder and other mental health afflictions. Recent studies revealed the role of the PAC1 (ADCYAP1R1) gene variability in vulnerability to posttraumatic stress disorder in women. Due to the relatively high comorbidity of posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder, we hypothesized about possible associations between PAC1 gene and problematic alcohol use.

BCL2-like 12 (BCL2L12 ) is a new member of the apoptosis-related BCL2 gene family, members of which are implicated in various malignancies. The mRNA expression of BCL2L12 may constitute a novel biomarker for the prediction of short-term relapse in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. BCL2L12 is a recently identified gene belonging to the BCL2 family, members of which are implicated in hematologic malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). BCL2L12 can be considered as a new independent prognostic and chemotherapy response marker in AML. BCL2L12 mRNA expression may serve as a potential prognostic biomarker in tongue and/or larynx SCC, which principally constitute the great majority of HNSCC cases worldwide. BCL2L12 mRNA expression is a favorable prognostic marker of DFS for BC patients, suggesting its possible application as a novel prognostic indicator of this malignancy.

BOLA1 is a mitochondrial protein that counterbalances the effect of L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO)-induced glutathione (GSH) depletion on the mitochondrial thiol redox potential. Furthermore, overexpression of BOLA1 nullifies the effect of BSO and S-nitrosocysteine on mitochondrial morphology. Conversely, knockdown of the BOLA1 gene increases the oxidation of mitochondrial thiol groups. Supporting a role of BOLA1 in controlling the mitochondrial thiol redox potential is that BOLA1 orthologs only occur in aerobic eukaryotes. A measured interaction of BOLA1with the mitochondrial monothiol glutaredoxin GLRX5 provides hints for potential mechanisms behind BOLA1's effect on mitochondrial redox potential.

Tribbles homolog 2, also known as TRB-2, and Trib2, is a member of the protein kinase superfamily and Tribbles subfamily (Trib1, Trib2, Trib3). The identification of tribbles as regulators of signal processing systems and physiological processes, including development, together with their potential involvement in diabetes and cancer, has generated considerable interest in these proteins. Tribbles have been reported to regulate the activation of some intracellular signalling pathways with roles extending from mitosis and cell activation to apoptosis and modulation of gene expression. Tribbles control the timing of mitosis in the prospective mesoderm, allowing cell-shape changes to be completed. This mechanism for coordinating cell division and cell-shape changes may have helped Drosophila to evolve its mode of rapid early development. Trib2 was identified as a downregulated transcript in leukemic cells undergoing growth arrest. Trib2-transduced bone marrow cells exhibited a growth advantage and readily established factor-dependent cell lines. Trib2-reconstituted mice uniformly developed fatal transplantable acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).

A genetic variant in LILRB5 (leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily-B) (rs12975366: T > C: Asp247Gly) has been reported to be associated with lower creatine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Both biomarkers are released from injured muscle tissue, making this variant a potential candidate for susceptibility to muscle-related symptoms. LILRB5/CD85c Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 48.8 kDa and the accession number is O75023-1.

A genetic variant in LILRB5 (leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor subfamily-B) (rs12975366: T > C: Asp247Gly) has been reported to be associated with lower creatine phosphokinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Both biomarkers are released from injured muscle tissue, making this variant a potential candidate for susceptibility to muscle-related symptoms. LILRB5/CD85c Protein, Human, Recombinant (hFc) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with hFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 74.06 kDa and the accession number is O75023-1.

PCDH7, a member of protocadherins family, functions as tumor suppressor in several human cancers. The human PCDH7 gene is localized in chromosome 4p15, which is often inactivated in human cancers, including bladder cancer. The low PCDH7 expression is a potential prognostic biomarker for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). PCDH7 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His & Avi), Biotinylated is expressed in Baculovirus insect cells with His and Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 95.25 kDa and the accession number is NP_002580.2.

Reticulocalbin-2 (RCN2, also named as ERC-55), is a 55-kDa Ca2+-binding protein containing six EF-hands, which was identified to be localized in endoplasmic reticulum. RCN2 is belonging to Reticulocalbin (RCN) family, the family members could play oncogenic roles in human malignancies and facilitate tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Recently, studies on RCN2 functions mainly focused on its role in differentiation and endocrine regulation in mouse. Another study has suggested that RCN2 could be a potential tumor-associated antigen for mammary cancer immunological prevention. Up to now, the experimental evidence uncovering the role of RCN2 in cancer is very limited.

Melanoma Inhibitory Activity Protein (MIA) is an autocrine growth regulatory protein secreted from chondrocytes and malignant melanoma cells, which was the first discovered member of a family of secreted cytokines termed the MIA/OTOR family. The four known members of this family: MIA, MIA2, OTOR and TANGO each contain a Src homology-3 (SH3)-like domain. MIA acts as a potent tumor cell growth inhibitor for malignant melanoma cells and some other neuroectodermal tumors, including gliomas, in an autocrine fashion and promotes melanoma metastasis by binding competitively to fibronectin and laminin in a manner that results in melanoma cell detachment from the extracellular matrix in vivo. The protein MIA has been shown to represent a very sensitive and specific serum marker for systemic malignant melanoma that might be useful for staging of primary melanomas, detection of progression from localized to metastatic disease during follow-up, and monitoring therapy of advanced melanomas. Elevated levels of MIA may represent a clinically useful marker for diagnosis of melanoma metastasis as well as a potential marker for rheumatoid arthritis.

Uridinephosphorylase 1 (UPP1) is a member of the family of pentosyltransferase. UPP1 catalyses the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine to uracil. The expression levels and the enzymatic activity of UPP1 are higher in human solid tumors than in adjacent normal tissues. The high level of UPP1 expression in some tumors makes it a potential prognosticfactor for some cancers, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma. UPP1 is important for the homeostatic regulation of intracellular and plasma uridine concentratios. UPP1 plays an important role in the pyrimidine salvage pathway through its catalysis of the reversible phosphorolysis of uridine to uracil.

Interleukin (IL)-20 is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines, which has been reported to participate in autoimmune inflammatory diseases. However, the potential role of IL-20 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression has not yet been investigated. In addition, IL-20 expression was significantly associated with tumor size, metastasis, TNM stage and poor prognosis in patients with HCC. IL-20 Protein, Human, Recombinant (His) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with N-His tag. The predicted molecular weight is 19.4 kDa and the accession number is Q9NYY1.

TMX2 is a single-pass type I membrane protein and contains 1 thioredoxin domain. Thioredoxin plays an important role in various cellular processes through redox regulation. The Molecular Cloning and characterization of one member of the thioredoxin superfamily, designated as TMX2.The TMX2 cDNA consists of 1644 nucleotides and contains an open reading frame encoding a protein of 372 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 42.5 kDa and an isoelectric point of 8.94. The TMX2 protein may possess an N-terminal signal peptide, a potential transmembrane domain, an Myb DNA-binding domain repeat signature, a thioredoxin consensus pattern, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane retention signal (KKXX-like motif), and a dileucine motif in the tail.

CD24 is a sialoglycoprotein expressed at the surface of most B lymphocytes and differentiating neuroblasts. It is also expressed on neutrophils and neutrophil precursors from the myelocyte stage onwards. The potential for targeting CD24 in cancer therapy seems promising, as CD24 is overexpressed in many human cancers. CD24 Protein (Primary Amine Labeling), Human, Recombinant (mFc), Biotinylated is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-mFc tag. The predicted molecular weight is 29.5 kDa and the accession number is P25063-1.

CD300a is an inhibitory receptor for mast cells and eosinophils in allergic inflammation (AI); however, the spatiotemporal expression of CD300a and its potential roles in the resolution of AI are still to be determined.CD300a expression on peritoneal cells is regulated from inflammation to resolution. CD300a activation on mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells regulated ALX/FPR2 expression levels following IgE-mediated activation. CD300A Protein, Human, Recombinant (Avi) is expressed in HEK293 mammalian cells with C-Avi tag. The predicted molecular weight is 19.46 kDa and the accession number is Q9UGN4-1.