a 2

2-NBDG is a fluorescent indicator for direct glucose uptake measurement. It is an indicator of cell viability.

C.I. Vat Yellow 2 (Calcoloid Yellow GCD) is a yellow dye agent that can also be used to detect adsorption behavior on natural sediments.

2-(4-Hydroxyphenylazo)benzoicacid is a spectrophotometric probe that shows changes in absorption spectra upon binding to proteins and binds to bovine serum proteins.

Rhod-2 AM is a fluorescent probe of the mitochondrion with λex of 552 nm and λem of 581 nm.

2-Aminoacridone is a widely used fluorophore (λexc=428 nm, λem=525 nm).

Hoechst 33258 analog 2 is part of a family of blue fluorescent dyes used to stain DNA.

2-Aminopurine is a double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase R (PKR) inhibitor.

2-Di-1-ASP is a mono-stryryl dye and widely used as mitochondrial stain and groove-binding fluorescent probes for double-stranded DNA. It has selective for G-quadruplex (G4) and double-stranded DNA.

Compound 5, 2,3-Di(furan-2-yl)quinoxaline, is a blue-fluorescent quinoxaline derivative that is cell-permeable and demonstrates sufficient brightness at a micromolar concentration of 1.5 μM [1].

4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-sulfamino-2-deoxy-α-D-Glucopyranoside (4-MU-α-GlcNS) is a fluorogenic substrate of heparin sulphamidase. Heparin sulphamidase cleaves 4-MU-α-GlcNS to yield 4-MU-α-GlcNH2, which is then cleaved by α-glucosaminidase to release the fluorescent product 4-MU, which displays an emission maxima of 445-454 nm. The excitation maxima for 4-MU is pH-dependent: 330, 370, and 385 nm at pH 4.6, 7.4, and 10.4, respectively. 4-MU-α-GlcNS has been used to quantify heparin sulphamidase deficiencies associated with Mucopolisaccaridosis IIIA and other lysosomal disorders.

Fura-2 is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator that can be used to detect calcium in cells. [1] It is a pentacarboxylate that displays excitation maxima of 340 and 380 nm at high and low calcium concentrations, respectively, when the emission is fixed at 510 nm, enabling determination of ratiometric measurements of calcium influx in live cells.

9-(2-Carboxy-2-cyanovinyl)julolidine (catalog number: T67024, CAS number: 142978-18-5) is a valuable organic compound for life sciences research.

Quin-2 is a high-affinity fluorescent calcium indicator (Kd = 115 nM for calcium). It displays high selectivity for calcium, as it is not affected by sodium gradients, membrane potential, or intracellular pH. High affinity probes like quin-2 are ideal for monitoring low levels of calcium, as are found in resting cells. Loadings of up to 2 mM quin-2 are without serious toxic effects, so quin-2 may be used to buffer intracellular calcium transients. Excitation/emission maxima for quin-2 are 339 and 492 nm, respectively.

SEluc-2, a bioluminescent probe derived from firefly luciferin, is designed for the sensitive and selective detection of thiols in living cells.

Sodium 2,6-dibromo-4-(3-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-2,2-dioxido-3H-benzo[d][1,2]oxathiol-3-yl)-3-methylphenolate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64788 and the CAS number is 62625-32-5.

meso-CF3-BODIPY 2, also known as CF3-substituted Tetramethyl BODIPY, is a fluorescent dye that has an absorption wavelength (λ abs ) of 553 nm and an emission wavelength (λ em ) of 622 nm. This compound is commonly utilized as a labeling reagent and in photodynamic therapy.

Bis[3,4,6-trichloro-2-(pentyloxycarbonyl)phenyl] oxalate is a fluorescent dye that generates chemiluminescence [1].

3-Methyl-8-(2'-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl)isoxanthopterin is a pteridine-based fluorescent guanosine analogue and DNA uptake tracer, extensively utilized for investigating DNA binding and dynamics, with an absorbance peak at 350 nm and an emission peak at 430 nm [1].

2'(3')-O-Anthraniloyladenosine-5'-O-triphosphate (2'-ANT-ATP) and its isomer 3'-ANT-ATP are fluorescent derivatives of ATP that spontaneously isomerize. Emitting a maximum light of 428 nm when excited at 330 nm in water, 2'(3')-ANT-ATP specifically inhibits several types of adenylyl cyclase (AC) including mammalian AC1, AC2, and AC5 with inhibition constants (Kis) of 130, 640, and 120 nM, respectively. It also inhibits Bordetella pertussis AC toxin CyaA with Kis of 1.3 µM (in the presence of manganese) and 20 µM (in the presence of magnesium), Bacillus anthracis AC toxin edema factor with Kis of 0.44 µM (with manganese) and 5.15 µM (with magnesium), and Escherichia coli recombinase A (RecA) with a Ki of 6.3 µM.

Rhod-2 (sodium salt) is a water-soluble, red fluorescent calcium indicator. It exhibits a significant shift in fluorescence intensity upon calcium binding (ex max = 549 nm; calcium-free v. ex/em max = 552/581 nm; calcium-bound). [1][2] Unlike the UV-excitable indicators fura-2 and indo-1 , there is no accompanying spectral shift.

2-Aminopurine dihydrochloride, a fluorescent analog of guanosine, serves as a fluorescence probe for analyzing nucleic acid structure and dynamics. When incorporated into DNA, it exhibits quenched fluorescence [1] [2]. For storage, it should be protected from light.

HKPerox-2 is an excellently selective and sensitive green fluorescent probe toward H 2 O 2 over 30-fold other tested ROS/RNS in chemical and biological systems. HKPerox-2 is a O-methyl rhodol derivative and specifically recognize H 2 O 2 based on a tandem payne/dakin reaction.

9-Amino-6-chloro-2-methoxyacridine is a pH-sensitive fluorescent probe commonly used to assess vacuolar pH variations during substrate translocation across the tonoplast through a putative H+ solute antiport system [1].

Ru(bpy)2(dcbpy)NHS dihexafluorophosphate, when coupled with gold nanoparticle amplification, serves as a method for lysozyme detection via electrochemiluminescence [1].

4-(2-Aminoethylamino)-7-(N,N-dimethylsulfamoyl)benzofurazan functions as a precolumn fluorescence derivatization reagent.

Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde 4-nitrophenylhydrazone (PCNPH) acts as a chromogenic substrate for peroxidase enzymes, producing a purple indamine dye when reacting with peroxidases and peroxides [1].

N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-2-phenylacetamide is a fluorescent dye [1].

Potassium 2-naphthylamine-6,8-disulfonic acid is a chemical compound utilized in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and agricultural chemicals [1].

ING-2 AM is a membrane-permeable fluorescent indicator specifically designed for sodium ions (Na+), exhibiting a binding affinity with a dissociation constant (Kd) of 20 mM. With excitation and emission maxima (λ) at 525 nm and 545 nm respectively, this compound achieves a 20-fold selectivity over potassium ions (K+). It is utilized both in vitro and in situ to monitor real-time sodium influx.

2'-Deoxy-1,N6-ethenoadenosine-5'-O-triphosphate (ε-dATP), a fluorescent derivative of 2’-deoxyadenosine-5’-O-triphosphate (dATP), promotes sister chromatid exchange in stimulated primary mouse spleen T- and B lymphocytes with LPS or concanavalin A at concentrations of 50 to 150 µM. Utilized in ambiguous base pairing investigations within vinyl chloride-induced mutagenesis research, ε-dATP, along with its related compound ε-ATP—which exhibits an emission peak at 415 nm after being excited at 300 nm—contributes to understanding genetic alterations mechanisms.

Mag-Fura-2 AM, a cell-permeable fluorescent compound, serves as a selective indicator for magnesium ions (Mg2+), demonstrating significant preference for Mg2+ over other bivalent ions including zinc (Zn2+), copper (Cu2+), and calcium (Ca2+). It notably exhibits over 13,000-fold greater selectivity for Mg2+ compared to Ca2+ (Mg2+Kd = 1.9 nM vs. Ca2+Kd = 25 μM). The excitation and emission peak wavelengths are 369 nm and 511 nm, respectively. Further, Mag-Fura-2 AM is utilized as an indirect measure of ATP consumption or production due to its magnesium ion sensitivity.

7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolone (compound 2b), a fluorescent hydroxylated derivative, serves as a probe for detecting hydroxyl radicals associated with DNA damage [1]. It should be protected from light for preservation.

2-([1,1-Biphenyl]-4-yl)-5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T66233 and the CAS number is 852-38-0.

Sodium 4-(3-(4-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methylphenyl)-1,1-dioxido-3H-benzo[c][1,2]oxathiol-3-yl)-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenolate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T66669 and the CAS number is 62625-21-2.

Flutax-2 (5/6-mixture), an active fluorescent derivative of paclitaxel, binds to polymerized α,β tubulin dimers, with an excitation/emission wavelength of 496/524 nm. Derived from paclitaxel, a diterpenoid secondary metabolite from Taxus species utilized in various cancer research [1], it requires storage protection from light.

SBP-2, a sulfite bioluminescent probe (SBP), detects sulfite through a mechanism involving sulfite-mediated intramolecular cleavage [1].

Vat Blue 2, a indigo derivative, is a dark blue 5,5'-dibromo-4,4'-dichloroindigo dye.

5(6)-Carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate is an oxidant-sensitive and cell-permeable fluorescent probe.1Base hydrolysis of the ester bonds by intracellular esterases releases the acetate groups and the resulting compound, 5(6)-carboxy-2’,7’,-dichlorofluorescein, is oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) and displays excitation/emission maxima of 504 and 530 nm, respectively, which can be quantified as a measure of oxidant production. 1.Hempel, S.L., Buettner, G.R., O’Malley, Y.Q., et al.Dihydrofluorescein diacetate is superior for detecting intracellular oxidants: Comparison with 2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, 5(and 6)-carboxy-2’,7’-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate, and dihydrorhodamine 123Free Radic. Biol. Med.27(1-2)146-159(1999)

2-(Naphthalen-1-yl)-5-phenyloxazole (α-NPO) is an organic fluorescent dye featuring a nitrogen atom, potentially interacting with nitrogen introduced during the amination step [1].

Rhod-2 (potassium salt) is a water-soluble, red fluorescent calcium indicator that exhibits a significant shift in fluorescence intensity upon calcium binding (ex max = 549 nm; calcium-free v. ex em max = 552 581 nm; calcium-bound). Unlike the UV-excitable indicators fura-2 and indo-1, it does not demonstrate a spectral shift.

2-(7-Hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T65277 and the CAS number is 6950-82-9.

NIR-βgal-2, a highly sensitive β-galactosidase-activated near-infrared fluorescent probe, facilitates the visualization of β-galactosidase in breast cancer [1].

2-(7-Methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T64951 and the CAS number is 62935-72-2.

N-[4-(2-Benzimidazolyl)phenyl]maleimide is a potent fluorescent probe with an excitation maximum at 315 nm and an emission maximum at 360 nm, suitable for the fluorometry of thiol compounds [1].

4-(Benzyloxy)-2-nitrophenol serves as a synthetic precursor for constructing fluorescent ion indicators [1].

1,3-Di-(2-pyrenyl)propane, a fluorescent indicator, is used to monitor bacterial membrane lipid fluidity via intramolecular excimerization, exhibiting temperature-dependent fluorescence lifetime distributions [1] [2].

8-(2-azidobenzylthio) NAD+ is a derivatized version of NAD+, a signaling molecule and enzyme cofactor, featuring an azido group (azidobenzylthio) that enables click chemistry applications.

Sodium 2,2',2'',2'''-((((1,1-dioxido-3H-benzo[c][1,2]oxathiole-3,3-diyl)bis(6-hydroxy-5-isopropyl-2-methyl-3,1-phenylene))bis(methylene))bis(azanetriyl))tetraacetate is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T65315 and the CAS number is 1945-77-3.

7-(Diethylamino)-4-methyl-2H-chromen-2-one is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is T66262 and the CAS number is 91-44-1.

Ru(bpy)2(mcbpy-O-Su-ester)(PF6)2 is a potent ruthenium-based dye that serves as an effective quencher for quantum dots (QDs) fluorescence, a capture probe for the virus antigen EV71, and a sensitive label for electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) detection of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) [1] [2] [3].