2 thioutp tetrasodium salt

2-ThioUTP tetrasodium salt is a P2Y2 agonist.

Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt (158563-45-2 free base) (Melanostatine-5 acetate salt) , a peptide hormone, is a potent α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) antagonist, with an IC50 of 11 nM. Nonapeptide-1 acetate salt (158563-45-2 free base) , a peptide hormone, is a potent α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) antagonist, with an IC50 of 11 nM.

Pep 2-8 ammonium salt is Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitor. Potent inhibitor of PCSK9 binding to LDL receptor (IC50 = 0.8 μM). Restores LDL uptake in HepG2 cells treated with PCSK9.

C15AlkOPP Tetrabutylamine salt (1：2) is an FPP analogue, bearing an alkyne group to allow for post-prenylation protein labeling. C15AlkOPP Tetrabutylamine salt (1：2) can be used for Prenylomic analysis

2-Hydroxy atorvastatin calcium salt is a hydroxy metabolite of Atorvastatin calcium salt which is a potent HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor (IC50 = 8 nM).

4-methyl-2-Oxovalerate is an immediate precursor and metabolite of L-leucine. It is a precursor leading to the synthesis of 2-methylpropyl glucosinolate, via L-leucine, in plants. 4-methyl-2-Oxovalerate is one of several plasma metabolites found to differ significantly between type 2 diabetes and control subjects.

L-2-Phosphoglyceric acid disodium salt is a glyceric acid which serves as the substrate in glycolysis. It is catalyzed by enolase into phosphoenolpyruvate.

Ca2+ mobilizing agent

2'-Deoxyguanosine 5'-monophosphate (dGMP) is used as a substrate of guanylate kinases to generate dGDP, which in turn is phosphorylated to dGTP, a nucleotide precursor used in DNA synthesis. In addition, dGMP can be efficiently phosphorylated by the type I thymidylate kinase of the malarial agent P. falciparum. In humans, deficiency of mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase, which synthesizes dGMP from ATP and deoxyguanosine, contributes to mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome.

MRS 2768 tetrasodium salt is a P2Y2 agonist.

Emtricitabine triphosphate tetrasodium salt is the tetrasodium salt form of the phosphorylated anabolite (-)-Emtricitabine triphosphate, an active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor that is effective against HIV and HBV [1].

2’-Deoxy-5-Fluorouridine 5’-phosphate triethyl ammonium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences. The catalog number is TNU1203 and the CAS number is 134-46-3.

2-Thio-UTP tetrasodium, a potent agonist for P2Y2, P2Y4, and P2Y6 receptors, serves as a crucial compound in cancer research [1].

P2 purinoceptor agonist

2'-O-Methyl-5-methyluridine 5'-triphosphate triethylammonium salt is a Nucleoside Triphosphate.

Nucleoside Derivatives - Phosphorus-containing nucleotides, Azido-nucleosides, 2’,3’-Dideoxy-nucleosides

2’-O-Methyl-N6-methyladenosine 5’-monophosphate triethylammonium salt (60091-05-6 neutral molecule) is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is TNU1630.

β-Glycerophosphate Disodium Salt Hydrate is a classical serine-threonine phosphatase inhibitor used in kinase reaction buffers often used in combination with other phosphatase/protease inhibitors for broad spectrum inhibition and functions as an organic phosphate donor.

Galanin (2-11) amide is a synthetic peptide fragment of the neuropeptide galanin and an agonist of the galanin-2 (GAL2) receptor (EC50= 9.32 nM in a fluorescence imaging plate reader assay).1It selectively binds to the GAL2receptor (IC50= 1.76 nM for the rat receptor) over the GAL1receptor (IC50= 879 nM for the human receptor) but does also bind to the GAL3receptor (Ki= 271 nM for the rat receptor).1,2Intracerebroventricular administration of galanin (2-11) amide (1 nmol/animal) decreases immobility in the forced swim test in rats.3It also reduces the hind paw mechanical pain threshold and increases the hind paw cold sensitivity threshold in rats.1

Super-chelating agent & MRI contrast agent

β-Defensin-2 is a peptide with antimicrobial properties that protects the skin and mucosal membranes of the respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts.1It inhibits the growth of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria, includingP. gingivalisandS. salivarius.2β-Defensin-2 (30 μg/ml) stimulates gene expression and production of IL-6, IL-10, CXCL10, CCL2, MIP-3α, and RANTES by keratinocytes.3It also stimulates calcium mobilization, migration, and proliferation of keratinocytes when used at concentrations of 30, 10, and 40 μg/ml, respectively. β-Defensin-2 induces IL-31 production by human peripheral blood-derived mast cellsin vitrowhen used at a concentration of 10 μg/ml and by rat mast cellsin vivofollowing a 500 ng intradermal dose.4Expression of β-defensin-2 is increased in psoriatic skin and chronic wounds.5,6 1.Lehrer, R.I.Primate defensinsNat. Rev. Microbiol.2(9)727-738(2004) 2.Ouhara, K., Komatsuzawa, H., Yamada, S., et al.Susceptibilities of periodontopathogenic and cariogenic bacteria to antibacterial peptides, β-defensins and LL37, produced by human epithelial cellsJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.55(6)888-896(2005) 3.Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Nakano, N., et al.Antimicrobial peptides human β-defensins stimulate epidermal keratinocyte migration, proliferation and production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokinesJ. Invest. Dermatol.127(3)594-604(2007) 4.Niyonsaba, F., Ushio, H., Hara, M., et al.Antimicrobial peptides human β-defensins and cathelicidin LL-37 induce the secretion of a pruritogenic cytokine IL-31 by human mast cellsJ. Immunol.184(7)3526-3534(2010) 5.Huh, W.-K., Oono, T., Shirafuji, Y., et al.Dynamic alteration of human β-defensin 2 localization from cytoplasm to intercellular space in psoriatic skinJ. Mol. Med. (Berl.)80(10)678-684(2002) 6.Butmarc, J., Yufit, T., Carson, P., et al.Human β-defensin-2 expression is increased in chronic woundsWound Repair Regen.12(4)439-443(2004)

Fumarate hydratase-IN-2 sodium salt (compound 3) is a cell-permeable and competitive fumarate hydratase inhibitor ( K i =4.5 μM). Fumarate hydratase-IN-2 sodium salt has nutrient-dependent cytotoxicity [1].

(S)-2-((S)-2-((S)-1-((S)-2-((S)-2-(2-((S)-1-((S)-1-((S)-2-Amino-5-guanidinopentanoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carbonyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)acetamido)-3-phenylpropanamido)-3-hydroxypropanoyl)pyrrolidine-2-carboxamido)-3-phenylpropanamido)-5-guanidinopentanoic acid acetic acid salt has a wide range of applications in life science related research.

MRS2768 tetrasodium salt, a moderately potent and selective agonist of the P2Y2 receptor, exhibits a protective effect against ischemic damage in cardiomyocytes both in vivo and in vitro.

2’-O-(2-Methoxyethyl)guanosine  5’-triphosphate ammonium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is TNU1082.

2'-Fluoro-2'-deoxy-arabinoadenosine 5'-triphosphate triethyl ammonium salt is a Nucleoside Triphosphate.

2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-5-methyl-araobinocytidine 5'-triphosphate triethyl ammonium salt（79570-62-0 free base) is a Nucleoside Triphosphate.

Guanosine-2'(3')-monophosphate disodium salt is a useful organic compound for research related to life sciences and the catalog number is T22825.

2'-Deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) is a purine nucleotide and derivative of the nucleic acid adenosine 5'-triphosphate .1dATP is a substrate for DNA polymerase in the synthesis of DNA.2It is a noncompetitive inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductases, which provides feedback inhibition during DNA synthesis.1dATP has commonly been used in DNA synthesis, sequencing, and labeling in research applications.3,4dATP accumulates in adenosine deaminase deficiency, a disorder characterized by mutations in the gene for adenosine deaminase, the enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine.5 1.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.Key steps in nucleotide biosynthesis are regulated by feedback inhibitionBiochemistry(2002) 2.Berg, J.M., Tymoczko, J.L., and Stryer, L.DNA is replicated by polymerases that take instructions from templatesBiochemistry(2002) 3.Cadwell, R.C., and Joyce, G.F.Randomization of genes by PCR mutagenesisPCR Methods Appl.2(1)28-33(1992) 4.Steffens, D.L., Jang, G.Y., Sutter, S.L., et al.An infrared fluorescent dATP for labeling DNAGenome Res.5(4)393-399(1995) 5.Flinn, A.M., and Gennery, A.R.Adenosine deaminase deficiency: A reviewOrphanet J. Rare Dis.13(1)65(2018)

GPR17 agonist

NADPH tetrasodium salt is the reduced form of the electron acceptor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, which acts as an electron donor in a variety of biological reactions. NADPH tetrasodium salt is also an endogenous inhibitor of ferroptosis.

L-2-Phosphoglyceric acid (L-2-Phosphoglyceric acid disodium salt) is a glyceric acid which serves as the substrate in the ninth step of glycolysis. It is catalyzed by enolase into phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), the penultimate step in the conversion of glucose to pyruvate.